如果您的网络( network)适配器不想再联网，那么您可以尝试几件事来让它再次工作。无论是WiFi还是以太网(Ethernet)，这些故障排除步骤都将帮助您彻底解决网络连接问题。
1.确认是适配器
花宝贵的时间来修复没有损坏的东西没有什么意义。所以在你假设你的网卡是问题之前，你应该先排除一些其他的可能性：
- 您计算机上的其他网络适配器是否正常工作？
- 使用相同类型适配器的其他设备能否正常连接？
- (Does)尝试不同的以太网(Ethernet)电缆有帮助吗？
- 仅仅是互联网连接问题吗？如果是这样，请联系您的ISP（首先是Internet Serf以确认问题出在他们身上。
- 从Live CD操作系统启动，看看是软件问题还是硬件问题。
假设问题发生在其他计算机、同一台计算机上的其他网络适配器或路由器级别。在这种情况下，您可能正在处理一个并非特定于相关网络适配器的问题。
2.检查Windows设备管理器
在Microsoft Windows中，您可以使用设备管理器(Device Manager)实用程序来检查连接到计算机的硬件以及它是否正常工作。
- 右键单击开始按钮(Start button)。
- 打开设备管理器(Device Manager)。
在设备管理器(Device Manager)打开的情况下，查找网络适配器(network adapters)类别并通过选择小“ + ”或箭头符号(arrow symbol )（如果尚未打开）来展开它。
查找有问题的网络适配器(network adapter)- 右键单击它并选择Properties。现在，检查状态部分是否显示“此设备工作正常”。
如果没有这样说，请记下错误以作为问题的线索。这表明您的适配器确实存在问题。如果适配器完全不在列表中
3.扫描硬件更改(Hardware Changes)或在设备管理器中(Device Manager)显示隐藏的硬件(Reveal Hidden Hardware)
如果您在设备管理器(Device Manager)的适配器列表中没有看到您的网络适配器，您可以强制Windows再次检查连接的硬件。只需(Simply)在设备树顶部选择您的计算机名称，然后选择操作(Action )>扫描硬件更改( Scan for hardware changes)。
如果这不起作用，则您的计算机和网络适配器之间的连接可能存在物理问题，或者适配器可能有故障。
您的适配器也可能隐藏在设备管理器(Device Manager)中，这会阻止您从设备管理器中查看其状态或更改其驱动程序(Device Manager)。
要检查是否是这种情况，只需单击查看(View )>显示隐藏的设备。( Show hidden devices.)
您可能希望在执行此操作后再次扫描硬件更改，以确保安全。
4.检查物理连接
如果您的网络适配器之前工作正常，但突然不再工作，您可能需要对其进行物理检查。如果它没有出现在设备管理器中，则尤其如此。
如果您使用的是集成网络适配器，则无需检查太多。如果您怀疑内置适配器在物理上不再健全，最好让技术人员查看主板。
如果您使用的是USB适配器或扩展卡，您可以确保它已正确插入。您也可以尝试将适配器与另一台计算机、USB端口或PCIe插槽配合使用。如果无论您将其插入何处，适配器都无法正常工作，则它可能只是死了。
5.安装正确的驱动程序
从制造商的网站为您的网络适配器下载最新的驱动程序软件(latest driver software)可能会解决一系列问题。一般来说，通用网络适配器驱动程序至少应该可以工作。不过，在某些情况下，您需要从主板制造商（用于集成适配器）或适配器制造商处查找官方驱动程序。只需(Simply)下载驱动程序安装程序应用程序并运行它。然后重新启动计算机，希望适配器能够再次工作。
6.运行网络疑难解答
在Windows 10中，您可以使用网络疑难解答(Network Troubleshooter)应用程序来查找配置问题并进行修复。只需前往开始(Start )>设置( Settings )>网络和 Internet( Network & Internet ) >状态( Status )>更改网络设置( Change your network settings )>网络疑难解答。( Network troubleshooter.)
只需让疑难解答程序运行，然后检查您的适配器是否恢复正常。在Windows 11上，打开开始菜单(Start Menu)并搜索“查找(Find)并修复网络问题”以运行类似的故障排除应用程序。
7. 回滚你的电脑
这可能是一个分散的解决方案，但您可能想尝试使用系统还原或最近的备份将您的计算机还原到适配器以正确方式工作的较早时间。
如果您发现网络适配器在插入另一台计算机时可以正常工作，或者在从 Live OS 引导时可以正常工作，那么这是一个更明智的解决方案。由于任何小的更改组合都可能导致网络适配器出现故障，因此回滚到操作系统的早期快照可能是正确的举措。
假设(Suppose)您不想进行如此广泛的笔触。在这种情况下，您还可以尝试回滚网络适配器的先前驱动程序或卸载最新的操作系统更新，以防万一它破坏了只能在未来的补丁中修复的东西。
8.禁用并重新启用适配器(Adapter)（或卸载它
这是一个稍微复杂的版本，可以再次打开和关闭适配器。再次，我们需要转到Windows 设备管理器(Windows Device Manager)：
- 右键单击开始按钮(Start button)并选择设备管理器(Device Manager)。
- 展开网络适配器(Network Adapters)部分（如有必要）。
- 右键单击有问题的适配器(adapter)。
- 选择禁用(Disable)。
现在重复相同的步骤，但选择启用(Enable)。这种重置可能会摆脱困扰设备的任何小问题。
除了禁用设备，您还可以选择“卸载设备”。然后只需运行上面第 3 节中详述的硬件扫描。
9. 检查你的 WiFi 开关
大多数笔记本电脑都有一个WiFi切换开关，可以用作物理开关或键盘快捷键。即使它是键盘快捷键，此开关也在固件级别运行，因此如果它处于关闭位置，您可能看不到操作系统中的适配器。这是一个愚蠢的错误，但我们都做到了，所以在假设有问题之前，请确保系统WiFi开关处于“打开”位置。(WiFi)
10.卸载或禁用虚拟网络适配器
当您打开系统上的网络适配器列表时，您可能会惊讶地发现显示的设备不仅仅是WiFi和以太网(Ethernet)适配器。
出于多种原因，可能存在由软件应用程序创建的多个虚拟网络适配器。例如，虚拟机软件制作它们以便虚拟机(VMs)可以与主机通信。某些VPN(VPNs)或远程桌面应用程序(remote desktop apps)也是如此。
您可能需要考虑如上所述在设备管理器中暂时禁用这些适配器，以检查它们中的任何一个是否会以某种方式干扰您的真实物理网络适配器。(Device Manager)
11. 检查您的BIOS是否有禁用(Disabled) 设备(Devices)
可以从BIOS禁用主板上的集成外围设备。因此，如果您的操作系统根本看不到集成到主板上的组件，则值得检查BIOS或UEFI菜单以确保您（或其他人）没有意外关闭网络适配器。由于每台计算机的BIOS(BIOS)工作方式略有不同，请参阅您的主板手册了解更多信息。
12. 执行 Netsh Winsock 重置
网络软件、驱动程序和实用程序所做的许多更改都可能与Windows的核心网络设置相混淆。这些设置保存在称为Winsock 目录(Winsock Catalog)的东西中。您可以通过将此目录重置为默认设置来解决许多网络适配器问题。
首先，您需要打开Windows命令行。这可能有不同的名称，具体取决于您使用的Windows版本。(Windows)在Windows 11中，它被称为Windows 终端(Windows Terminal)。在Windows 10中，您可以选择命令提示符(Command Prompt)或PowerShell。
您需要管理员权限才能使用您选择的任何命令行实用程序执行Winsock重置。(Winsock)在Windows 10和 11 中，您可以右键单击开始按钮，然后选择标有“管理员”的选项，但如果您从快捷方式运行命令行，您也可以右键单击它并选择“运行(Run)方式”行政人员。”
打开您选择的命令行，键入以下命令以保存当前Winsock(Winsock)目录的备份副本。
netsh winsock show catalog > winsock-before.txt
按Enter，带有备份设置的文本文件将保存到当前选择的目录中。
接下来，键入netsh winsock reset并再次按Enter。您将看到此确认，然后您应该重新启动计算机。
建立连接
对网络问题进行故障排除可能非常令人沮丧，尤其是因为并非所有可能出错的事情都在您的控制之下。如果上述提示未能解决您的网络适配器问题，或者事实证明问题不是您的适配器，请尝试我们的易于操作的网络故障排除指南(Easy-to-do Network Troubleshooting Guide)或我们的Ultimate Windows 10 WiFi 故障排除指南(Ultimate Windows 10 WiFi troubleshooting guide). 凭借一点运气和仔细的诊断，您应该立即再次连接。
Network Adapter Not Working? 12 Things to Try
If your netwоrk adapter doesn’t want tо, well, network anymore, then you have several things you can try to get it working again. Whether it’s WiFi or Ethernet, these troubleshooting steps will help get you to the bottom of your network connection problem.
1. Confirm That It’s the Adapter
There’s little point in spending precious time trying to fix something that isn’t broken. So before you assume that your network card is the problem, you should eliminate a few other possibilities first:
- Do other network adapters on your computer work properly?
- Can other devices using the same type of adapter connect without issue?
- Does trying a different Ethernet cable help?
- Is it an internet connection problem only? If so, contact your ISP (Internet Serf first to confirm the problem is with them.
- Boot from a Live CD operating system to see if it’s a software or hardware problem.
Suppose the problem happens with other computers, other network adapters on the same computer, or at the router level. In that case, you’re probably dealing with an issue that isn’t specific to the network adapter in question.
2. Check the Windows Device Manager
In Microsoft Windows, you can use the Device Manager Utility to check what hardware is connected to your computer and whether it’s working correctly or not.
- Right-click the Start button.
- Open Device Manager.
With Device Manager open, look for the network adapters category and expand it by selecting the small “+” or arrow symbol if it isn’t already open.
Look for the network adapter in question—Right-click on it and select Properties. Now, check under the status section whether it says “this device is working properly.”
If it doesn’t say that, make a note of the error as a clue to the problem. This is an indication that your adapter is indeed the problem. If the adapter is entirely absent from the list
3. Scan for Hardware Changes or Reveal Hidden Hardware in Device Manager
If you don’t see your network adapter in the list of adapters in Device Manager, you can force Windows to check for attached hardware again. Simply select your computer name at the top of the device tree and then select Action > Scan for hardware changes.
If that doesn’t do anything, there may be a physical problem with the connection between your computer and the network adapter, or the adapter may be faulty.
Your adapter may also be hidden in Device Manager, which prevents you from seeing its status or making changes to its drivers from within Device Manager.
To check if this is the case, simply click on View > Show hidden devices.
You may want to scan for hardware changes again after doing this, just to be sure.
4. Check the Physical Connection
If your network adapter was working just fine before and suddenly doesn’t work anymore, you may want to do a physical inspection of it. This is especially true if it isn’t showing up in the device manager.
There’s not much to check if you’re using an integrated network adapter. You’re better off having a technician look at the motherboard if you suspect the built-in adapter isn’t physically sound anymore.
If you’re using a USB adapter or an expansion card, you can ensure that it’s properly inserted. You can also try the adapter with another computer, USB port, or PCIe slot. It may simply be dead if the adapter doesn’t work regardless of where you plug it in.
5. Install The Right Drivers
Downloading the latest driver software for your network adapters from the manufacturer’s website may solve a range of problems. In general, generic network adapter drivers should at least work. Still, in some cases, you need to track down the official drivers from either the motherboard maker (for integrated adapters) or from the adapter maker. Simply download the driver installer application and run it. Then reboot your computer, and hopefully, the adapter will work again.
6. Run the Network Troubleshooter
In Windows 10, you can make use of the Network Troubleshooter app to find configuration problems and fix them. Just head to Start > Settings > Network & Internet > Status > Change your network settings > Network troubleshooter.
Just let the troubleshooter run and then check if your adapter is back to normal. On Windows 11, open the Start Menu and search for “Find and Fix Network Problems” to run a similar troubleshooting app.
7. Roll Your Computer Back
It may be a bit of a scattershot solution, but you may want to try using system restore or a recent backup to restore your computer back to an earlier time when the adapter was working the right way.
This is a more sensible solution if you find that the network adapter works when plugged into a different computer or that it works when booting from a Live OS. Since any combination of small changes could be responsible for the network adapter’s failure, rolling back to an earlier snapshot of your operating system can be the right move.
Suppose you don’t want to make such broad strokes. In that case, you can also try rolling back to the previous driver for your network adapter or uninstalling the latest operating system update, just in case it broke something that will only be fixed in a future patch.
8. Disable and Re-enable the Adapter (or Uninstall it
This is a mildly more complicated version of switching your adapter on and off again. Once again, we need to go to the Windows Device Manager:
- Right-click on the Start button and select Device Manager.
- Expand the Network Adapters section (if necessary).
- Right-click on the adapter in question.
- Select Disable.
Now repeat the same steps, but choose Enable instead. This reset may shake out whatever gremlins are plaguing the device.
Instead of disabling the device, you can also choose “uninstall device” instead. Then simply run the hardware scan detailed under section 3 above.
9. Check Your WiFi Switch
Most laptops have a WiFi toggle that works either as a physical switch or a keyboard shortcut. Even when it’s a keyboard shortcut, this switch operates at the firmware level, so if it is in the off position, you may not see the adapter in your OS. It’s a silly mistake, but we’ve all done it, so make sure that the system WiFi switch is in the “on” position before assuming there’s a problem.
10. Uninstall or Disable Virtual Network Adapters
When you open up the list of network adapters on your system, you may be surprised to see that more devices are shown than just a WiFi and Ethernet adapter.
There may be several virtual network adapters that have been created by software applications for a number of reasons. For example, virtual machine software makes them so that VMs can communicate with the host computer. The same goes for certain VPNs or remote desktop apps.
You may want to consider temporarily disabling these adapters in Device Manager as described above to check if any of them somehow interfere with your real, physical network adapters.
11. Check Your BIOS for Disabled Devices
It’s possible to disable integrated peripherals on a motherboard from the BIOS. So if your operating system simply can’t see a component that’s integrated onto the motherboard, it’s worth checking the BIOS or UEFI menu to ensure you (or someone else) haven’t accidentally turned off the network adapter. Refer to your motherboard manual for more information since each computer’s BIOS works a little differently.
12. Perform a Netsh Winsock Reset
Many of the changes made by network software, drivers, and utilities can mess with the core network settings of Windows. These settings are kept in something known as the Winsock Catalog. You can resolve many network adapter problems by resetting this catalog to default settings.
First, you need to open the Windows command line. This can have different names depending on the version of Windows you’re using. In Windows 11, it’s referred to as the Windows Terminal. In Windows 10, you have the choice of Command Prompt or PowerShell.
You need administrator privileges to execute a Winsock reset with whichever command-line utility you choose. In Windows 10 and 11, you can right-click the start button and then select the option labeled “Admin,” but if you’re running the command line from a shortcut, you can also right-click on it and choose “Run as administrator.”
With the command line of your choice open, type the following command to save a backup copy of your current Winsock catalog.
netsh winsock show catalog > winsock-before.txt
Press Enter, and a text file with the backup settings will be saved to the currently selected directory.
Next, type netsh winsock reset and press Enter again. You’ll see this confirmation, after which you should restart your computer.
Making a Connection
Troubleshooting network problems can be incredibly frustrating, especially since not everything that could be wrong is under your control. If the tips above didn’t get your network adapter problem sorted out, or it turns out the problem wasn’t with your adapter in the first place, try our Easy-to-do Network Troubleshooting Guide or our Ultimate Windows 10 WiFi troubleshooting guide. With a bit of luck and careful diagnostics, you should be connected again in no time.
