如果您最近转换为Mac或被迫使用 Mac，那么您可能已经习惯了Windows的用户友好环境，并想知道您最喜欢的Windows程序或功能的(program or feature)Mac 等价物(Mac equivalent)，对吧？
好吧，幸运的是，最近运行最新版本OS X的(OS X)Mac与当前版本的(Macs)Windows并没有太大的不同。在我看来，最大的不同是OS X(OS X.)上没有任何类型的“开始”按钮(Start button)。这几乎就是微软(Microsoft)在Windows 8上所做的，可能也是每个人讨厌它的原因。
在OS X中根本没有与Windows 开始按钮或开始菜单(Windows Start button or Start Menu)等效(Mac equivalent)的Mac 。您唯一能做的就是在OS X Dock中获取所有应用程序的列表，它类似于Windows 任务栏(Windows taskbar)。在本文中，我将介绍所有与Mac 等效(Mac equivalent)的Windows程序，希望您会发现使用 Mac就像使用 Windows 机器(Windows machine)一样简单。
Windows 任务栏 – OS X Dock
即使您会错过Start 按钮(Start button)，OS X至少也有与称为Dock的任务栏相当的功能。它显示您当前打开的程序，您可以为Mac上安装的任何其他应用程序添加或删除图标。
回收站(recycle bin)也位于Dock上，为了弹出连接到Mac的任何设备，您将其拖放到垃圾箱中。您还可以转到系统偏好设置(System Preferences)并调整 Dock 的设置：让它始终保持可见、增加大小、更改屏幕上的位置等。
要将所有应用程序作为Dock上的图标，打开Finder并将应用程序(Applications)从侧边栏拖放(sidebar and drop)到Dock上。
Windows 资源管理器 - Mac Finder
接下来是Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)。Mac的等价物(Mac equivalent)是Finder。Windows Explorer相当不错，但我实际上更喜欢Mac Finder。一方面，它允许您在同一个Finder 窗口(Finder window)中打开多个选项卡，从而可以轻松地将文件拖放到不同的位置，而无需打开多个Finder 窗口(Finder window)。
其次，它在侧边栏中向您显示比 Windows 更有用的东西，例如共享服务器、其他计算机、连接的设备等。您还可以单击Finder，然后单击首选项(Preferences)并配置侧边栏中显示的项目，这是您无法做到的窗户(Windows)也可以。
Windows控制面板 - Mac 系统(Control Panel – Mac System)偏好设置
控制面板(Control Panel)是在Windows中控制Windows运行方式的地方。您可以从这里管理几乎所有内容，包括备份、加密、默认程序、音频、字体、Java、Flash、语言、鼠标和键盘设置(mouse and keyboard settings)、用户帐户、防火墙设置等等。
虽然不完全相同，但您可以从系统偏好设置管理(System Preferences)Mac的所有设置。
Windows 记事本 - OS X 文本编辑
如果您在Windows中使用记事本，那么您会很高兴知道Mac中有一个等效的TextEdit。它随所有Mac(Macs)一起提供，它是一个基本的文本编辑器(text editor)，让您也可以使用纯文本。这确实是我使用记事本的唯一原因，也可能是您在Mac上使用(Mac)TextEdit的唯一原因。
在TextEdit(TextEdit)中您唯一需要做的就是点击Format，然后点击Make Plain Text。它基本上是写字板和记事本(WordPad and Notepad)合二为一，很好。
Windows 任务管理器 - Mac 活动监视器(Windows Task Manager – Mac Activity Monitor)
Windows中的任务管理器(Task Manager)是我最喜欢的功能之一，我一直使用它来检查哪个进程正在占用内存或CPU。您还可以从任务管理器(Task Manager)中获得有关系统的大量额外信息。
与任务管理器(Task Manager)一样，活动监视器(Activity Monitor)（打开Spotlight 并搜索(Spotlight and search)活动监视器(activity monitor)）分为几个选项卡：CPU、内存(Memory)、能量(Energy)、磁盘(Disk)和网络(Network)。
“能量”选项卡是(Energy tab)Mac(Macs)独有的，对笔记本电脑很有用，因此您可以查看哪些进程消耗的电量最多。否则，您可以使用活动监视器(Activity Monitor)来结束进程或运行系统诊断。
Windows命令提示符 – OS X 终端(Command Prompt – OS X Terminal)
Windows中的命令提示符(Command Prompt)是您必须使用的工具，当您必须做一些技术性的事情来修复您的计算机或更改您无法以任何其他方式获得的晦涩设置时。这同样适用于称为终端的(Terminal)Mac 等效(Mac equivalent)项。
终端(Terminal)是一个非常强大的工具，它允许您控制运行 OS X 的底层UNIX(OS X)系统(UNIX system)。因此，如果您熟悉Linux命令，终端(Terminal)就是小菜一碟。我必须偶尔使用终端(Terminal)的一项任务是显示隐藏文件。您打开终端并粘贴(Terminal and paste)以下命令：
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles YES
现在您可以在Finder(Finder)中看到隐藏文件。同样(Again)，您可能只会在这些罕见的情况下使用终端(Terminal)，您只需复制和粘贴命令。
Windows 画图 – OS X 预览
如果您在Windows中使用 Paint， (Windows)OS X中最接近的工具是Preview。它无法匹配(match everything)Paint可以做的所有事情，但它允许基本绘图。
您还可以使用它对图像进行基本编辑，例如裁剪、删除背景、添加轮廓、添加文本、调整颜色等。您还可以使用它为PDF文件添加签名和填写表格。
Windows 磁盘管理 – OS X 磁盘工具(Windows Disk Management – OS X Disk Utility)
磁盘管理工具(Disk Management tool)允许您在Windows中轻松格式化和分区硬盘驱动器。您可以做其他事情，但这些是主要功能。Mac(Macs)上的磁盘工具工具(Disk Utility tool)允许您做几乎相同的事情。
如果OS X(OS X)无法正常启动，您可以使用磁盘工具(Disk Utility)修复硬盘驱动器、分区硬盘驱动器、擦除驱动器并查看占用硬盘空间的数据类型。
Windows Netstat、Ping、Tracert – OS X 网络实用程序(Tracert – OS X Network Utility)
OS X中的Network Utility是Apple比(Apple)Windows做得更好的一个地方。网络实用程序(Network Utility)可让您快速获取有关网络连接的信息，并让(network connection and lets)您轻松运行 netstat、ping、traceroute、Whois、Finger和端口扫描等测试。
您可以使用Netstat 选项卡(Netstat tab)快速查看计算机已建立的所有连接。要在Windows(Windows)中执行任何此操作，您必须打开命令提示符并输入(command prompt and type)命令！它的技术性更强，但实现起来不如OS X中的那么好。
Windows 事件查看器 - Mac 控制台
最后，Windows中的事件查看器程序(Event Viewer program)允许您查看计算机上发生的所有事情的日志。它对于调试难以解决的问题非常有用。
控制台与(Console)事件查看器(Event Viewer)几乎完全相同，它允许您查看计算机后台发生的几乎所有事情。
您实际上只在查找特定内容时才查看日志文件，否则操作系统(operating system)会生成太多消息。
我可以在这里提到其他等价物，但我认为这些是基础知识，对于大多数在Windows上很长时间后才开始使用Mac的人来说已经足够了。(Mac)如果您有任何问题，请随时发表评论。享受！
Mac Equivalents of Windows Programs and Features
If you’ve recently converted over to a Mac or are being fоrcеd to use one against yoυr will, уou probably аre used to the user-frіendly environment of Windows and want to know the Mac equivalent of your favorite Windows program or feature, right?
Well, luckily, recent Macs running the latest versions of OS X are not wildly different than the current versions of Windows. The biggest difference in my opinion is the lack of any kind of Start button on OS X. That’s pretty much what Microsoft did with Windows 8 and probably why everybody hated it.
There simply is no Mac equivalent of the Windows Start button or Start Menu in OS X. The only thing you can do is get a list of all your applications in the OS X Dock, which is like the Windows taskbar. In this article, I’ll go through all the Mac equivalents of Windows programs and hopefully you’ll find using a Mac just as easy as a Windows machine.
Windows Taskbar – OS X Dock
Even though you’ll miss the Start button, OS X at least has the equivalent of the taskbar called the Dock. It shows you currently open programs and you can add or remove icons for any other applications installed on your Mac.
The recycle bin is also located on the Dock and in order to eject any device connected to your Mac, you drag and drop it into the trash. You can also go to System Preferences and adjust the settings for the Dock: allow it to remain visible at all times, increase the size, change the position on the screen, etc.
To get all the applications as an icon on your Dock, open Finder and drag Applications from the sidebar and drop it onto the Dock.
Windows Explorer – Mac Finder
Next up is Windows Explorer. The Mac equivalent is the Finder. Windows Explorer is pretty good, but I actually like the Mac Finder more. For one thing, it allows you to have multiple tabs open in the same Finder window, making it easy to drag and drop files to a different location without having to open multiple Finder windows.
Secondly, it shows you more useful stuff in the sidebar than Windows like shared servers, other computers, connected devices, etc. You can also click on Finder and then Preferences and configure what items show on the sidebar, which you can’t do in Windows either.
Windows Control Panel – Mac System Preferences
The Control Panel is the place to go in Windows to control how Windows operates. You can manage pretty much everything from here including backups, encryption, default programs, audio, fonts, Java, Flash, languages, mouse and keyboard settings, user accounts, firewall settings, and lots more.
Though not exactly the same, you can manage all the settings for your Mac from System Preferences.
Windows Notepad – OS X Text Edit
If you use Notepad in Windows, then you’ll be happy to know there is an equivalent in Mac known as TextEdit. It ships with all Macs and it’s a basic text editor that lets you work with plain text too. That’s really the only reason I use Notepad and it’ll probably be the only reason you use TextEdit on your Mac.
The only thing you have to do in TextEdit is click on Format and then click on Make Plain Text. It is basically WordPad and Notepad combined into one, which is nice.
Windows Task Manager – Mac Activity Monitor
The Task Manager in Windows is one of my favorite features and I use it all the time to check which process is eating up memory or the CPU. You can also get a lot of extra information about your system from the Task Manager.
Like the Task Manager, the Activity Monitor (open Spotlight and search for activity monitor) is broken into several tabs: CPU, Memory, Energy, Disk and Network.
The Energy tab is unique to Macs and is useful for laptops so that you can see which processes consume the most power. Otherwise, you can use Activity Monitor to end a process or to run system diagnostics.
Windows Command Prompt – OS X Terminal
The Command Prompt in Windows is the tool you have to use when you have to do something technical to fix your computer or change an obscure setting that you can’t get to any other way. The same applies to the Mac equivalent, which is called Terminal.
The Terminal is a very powerful tool that allows you to control the underlying UNIX system that OS X runs on top of. So if you are familiar with Linux commands, Terminal is a piece of cake. One task I have to use the Terminal occasionally for is showing hidden files. You open Terminal and paste in the following command:
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles YES
Now you can see hidden files in Finder. Again, you’ll probably only use Terminal in these rare instances where you simply have to copy and paste the command.
Windows Paint – OS X Preview
If you use Paint in Windows, the closest tool in OS X is Preview. It can’t match everything that Paint can do, but it allows for basic drawing.
You can also use it to make basic edits to images like cropping, removing backgrounds, adding outlines, adding text, adjusting colors, etc. You can also use it to add signatures to your PDF files and fill in forms.
Windows Disk Management – OS X Disk Utility
The Disk Management tool allows you to format and partition hard drives in Windows easily. You can do other stuff, but those are the main functions. The Disk Utility tool on Macs allows you to do pretty much the same thing.
You can use Disk Utility to repair a hard drive if OS X is not booting properly, partition a hard drive, erase a drive and see what kind of data is taking up space on the hard drive.
Windows Netstat, Ping, Tracert – OS X Network Utility
The Network Utility in OS X is one place where Apple does a much better job than Windows. The Network Utility lets you quickly get information about your network connection and lets you easily run tests like netstat, ping, traceroute, Whois, Finger, and port scans.
You can use the Netstat tab to quickly see all the connections your computer has made. To do any of this in Windows, you have to open a command prompt and type in commands! It’s way more technical and not nearly as nicely implemented as it is in OS X.
Windows Event Viewer – Mac Console
Lastly, the Event Viewer program in Windows allows you to see a log of everything that is happening on your computer. It’s really useful for debugging hard to fix problems.
The Console is pretty much exactly the same as Event Viewer and allows you to see pretty much everything that happens in the background of your computer.
You really only look at the log files when you are looking for something specific, otherwise, there are just way too many messages generated by the operating system.
There are other equivalents that I could mention here, but I think these are the basics and enough for most people who are just starting to use a Mac after being on Windows for a long time. If you have any questions, feel free to comment. Enjoy!
