Windows最重要且有时最烦人的功能之一是 Windows更新(Windows Update)。在每个月的第二个星期二， (Tuesday)Microsoft会发布他们的(Microsoft)Windows软件更新和补丁，这些更新和补丁通常很多，如果打开Windows Update ，大多数计算机会自动接收这些更新。(Windows Update)
当这些更新在后台安装时，您可能会注意到您的计算机速度变慢。安装完成后，电脑一般会在安装完成5分钟后自动重启。
如果您正坐在电脑前，您可以立即重新启动，也可以选择推迟并在一定时间间隔后再次收到提醒。但是，如果您不在计算机附近，它只会在时间间隔(time interval)后重新启动。如果您正在进行一些工作并且碰巧离开计算机一段时间，那么由于自动重启，您最终可能会丢失一些工作。
我绝对认为默认设置对大多数用户都有好处，因为更新通常与安全相关，应尽快安装以(ASAP)避免恶意软件、间谍软件或黑客攻击。
话虽如此，我也觉得某些方面可以针对像我这样的高级用户进行调整。我会在需要时定期检查更新并自行安装。如果您有规律地每隔一段时间重新启动一次计算机，那么可以禁用自动重新启动功能并延迟每 10 分钟弹出一次的唠叨提醒。
我将向您展示如何在组策略(Group Policy)中配置这两个设置，我还将在此处和控制面板(Control Panel)中介绍一些其他设置。不幸的是，所有这些仅适用于Windows 7 Pro、Ultimate 和 Enterprise(Ultimate and Enterprise)以及Windows 8 Pro。如果您有Windows的(Windows)Starter、Home或非Pro版本，则无法进入组策略(Group Policy)设置。
Windows 更新组策略设置(Windows Update Group Policy Settings)
首先，让我们谈谈如何禁用自动重启以及如何更改从Windows获得安装更新提醒的时间间隔。我们必须在组策略编辑器(Group Policy editor)中完成这两项任务。
要进入组策略编辑器(Group Policy editor)，请单击开始(Start )并输入gpedit.msc。在Windows 8中，您可以在“开始”屏幕(Start Screen)上开始键入。
现在向下导航到以下安全设置：
Local Computer Policy – Computer Configuration – Administrative Templates – Windows Components – Windows Update
现在，您将在右侧看到一堆与Windows Update相关的选项。基本上，我们必须操纵两个设置来获得我们想要的东西。
对于计划的自动更新安装，登录用户不会自动重启(No auto-restart with logged on users for scheduled automatic updates installations)
将其设置为启用(Enabled)，Windows将等待登录用户重新启动计算机，而不是自动尝试重新启动。正如您在“帮助”框中(Help box)看到的那样，仍然会提醒用户重新启动计算机，但不会自动发生。
您还应注意，仅当Windows 更新(Windows Update)配置为自动安装更新时，此设置才适用。我将在控制面板部分讨论这些设置。
使用预定安装重新提示重新启动(Re-prompt for restart with scheduled installations)
使用此设置，您可以将重新启动消息(restart message)配置为再次出现，但间隔更长。继续并双击设置并将其设置为Enabled。您会看到默认值为(default value)10 分钟。继续把它改成 1440 分钟，也就是一天。如果您仍想被提醒，这会更好，但不要太频繁。
除了上述两个之外，这里还有一些其他有用的设置需要了解。
(Delay Restart)计划安装的延迟重启
如果您不想完全禁用自动重启，可以使用此设置延迟它们。除了正常的 5 分钟间隔，您可以指定Windows在执行自动重新启动之前等待的更长的时间。就我而言，我可能仍然会错过更长的间隔，所以我不使用(t use)此选项，但值得了解。
允许(Allow)自动更新立即安装
在Windows 更新控制面板(Windows Update Control Panel)设置中，如果您选择了下载更新，但让我选择是否安装它们(Download updates, but let me choose whether to install them)选项，那么您可能会遇到某些更新不会安装的问题，即使它们不需要重新启动或干扰与Windows服务。
如果您启用这些设置，Windows将仅安装这些更新并等待您决定何时安装其余更新。
Windows 更新控制面板设置(Windows Update Control Panel Settings)
现在让我们快速浏览一下Windows Update的(Windows Update)控制面板(Control Panel)设置。首先(First)，单击右侧的更改设置链接。(Change settings)
您会看到几个带有几个复选框的不同设置。首先要了解的是，Windows 的更新分为三种类型：重要更新、推荐更新和可选更新。
重要更新修复关键问题，而推荐更新通常处理非关键问题。如果选中以我收到重要更新的相同方式提供推荐的更新(Give me recommended updates the same way I receive important updates)框，则推荐的更新将遵循与重要更新相同的设置。
无论您的设置如何配置，都不会自动下载或安装可选更新。
第一部分处理重要更新，推荐选项(recommend option)是自动安装更新(Install updates automatically)。使用此设置，您将获得自动重启和提醒。
您也可以选择下载但让我选择是否安装它们(Download but let me choose whether to install them)、检查更新但让我选择是下载还是安装它们(Check for updates but let me choose whether to download or install them)以及从不检查更新(Never check for updates)。
有一个名为Microsoft Update的部分，这基本上会为您提供与您可能已在系统上安装的其他Microsoft产品相关的更新。(Microsoft)我建议保持选中状态，因为如果您使用许多其他Microsoft 软件(Microsoft software)，它会非常有用。
因此，希望这能解释您如何根据自己的喜好配置Windows 更新，而不会使您的计算机面临风险。(Windows Update)如果您有任何问题，请发表评论。享受！
Disable Restart Now Message After Windows Automatic Update Message
One of the most important and occasіonally most annoying features of Windows iѕ Windows Update. On the second Τuesday of each month Microsoft releases their software updates and patches for Windows, which are usually numerous, and moѕt computers receive these updates automatically if Windоws Update is turned on.
You might notice your computer slow down while these updates are installed in the background. After they are installed, the computer will normally automatically restart 5 minutes after the installation is finished.
If you are sitting at your computer, you can either restart immediately or you can choose to postpone and be reminded again after a certain interval. However, if you are not near your computer, it’ll just restart after the time interval. If you were in the middle of some work and happened to be away from the computer for a while, then you could end up losing some of your work because of the auto-restart.
I definitely think that the default settings are good for most users since the updates are usually security related and should be installed ASAP in order to avoid malware, spyware or hacking attempts.
That being said, I also feel that certain aspects can be tweaked for power users like myself. I routinely check for updates when I want and install them on my own. If you have the discipline to restart your computer every once in a while, then it’s ok to disable the auto-restart feature and delay the nagging reminders that pop up every 10 minutes.
I’ll show you how to configure both of those settings in Group Policy and I’ll also go through a couple of other settings there and in the Control Panel. Unfortunately, all of this only works on Windows 7 Pro, Ultimate and Enterprise and Windows 8 Pro. If you have the Starter, Home or non-Pro versions of Windows, you can’t get into Group Policy settings.
Windows Update Group Policy Settings
First, let’s talk about how to disable the auto-restart and how to change the interval that you get reminders from Windows for installing the updates. We have to do both of these tasks in the Group Policy editor.
To get to the Group Policy editor, click on Start and type in gpedit.msc. In Windows 8, you can start typing while at the Start Screen.
Now navigate down to the following security settings:
Local Computer Policy – Computer Configuration – Administrative Templates – Windows Components – Windows Update
You’ll now see a bunch of options on the right hand side related to Windows Update. There are basically two settings that we have to manipulate to get what we want.
No auto-restart with logged on users for scheduled automatic updates installations
Set it to Enabled and Windows will wait for the logged on user to restart the computer instead of automatically trying to restart. As you can see in the Help box, the user will still be reminded to restart the computer, but it won’t happen automatically.
You should also note that this setting would only apply if Windows Update is configured to install updates automatically. I’ll talk about those settings in the Control Panel section.
Re-prompt for restart with scheduled installations
Using this setting, you can configure the restart message to come up again, but at a longer interval. Go ahead and double-click on the setting and set it to Enabled. You’ll see the default value is 10 minutes. Go ahead and change it to something like 1440 minutes, which is one day. This is better if you want to still be reminded, but not so often.
There are a couple of other useful settings to know about here in addition to the above two.
Delay Restart for scheduled installations
If you don’t want to completely disable automatic restarts, you can delay them using this setting. Instead of the normal 5-minute interval, you can specify a longer period for Windows to wait before performing an auto-restart. In my case, I would probably still miss the longer interval too, so I don’t use this option, but it’s worth knowing about.
Allow automatic updates immediate installation
In the Windows Update Control Panel settings if you have chosen the Download updates, but let me choose whether to install them option, then you might run into issues where certain updates won’t be installed even though they don’t require a reboot or interfere with Windows services.
If you enable those settings, Windows will install those updates only and wait for you to decide when to install the rest of them.
Windows Update Control Panel Settings
Now let’s take a quick look at the Control Panel settings for Windows Update. First, click on the Change settings link on the right hand side.
You’ll see several different settings with a couple of checkboxes. The first thing to understand is that there are three types of updates for Windows: important updates, recommended updates and optional updates.
Important updates fix critical problems whereas recommended updates usually deal with noncritical issues. If the Give me recommended updates the same way I receive important updates box is checked, then recommended updates would follow the same settings you have for important updates.
Optional updates are never downloaded or installed automatically, regardless of how your settings are configured.
The first section deals with important updates and the recommend option is Install updates automatically. With this setting, you’ll get the auto-restarts and the reminders.
You can also choose Download but let me choose whether to install them, Check for updates but let me choose whether to download or install them and Never check for updates.
There is a section called Microsoft Update and this basically will give you updates related to other Microsoft products you might have installed on your system. I recommend leaving that checked, as it can be quite useful if you use a lot of other Microsoft software.
So hopefully that explains how you can configure Windows Update to your liking without putting your computer at risk. If you have any questions, post a comment. Enjoy!
