通常建议从Windows 命令提示符(Windows Command Prompt)运行 CHKDSK 工具(run the CHKDSK tool)。这样做(Doing)会扫描硬盘并修复小问题，包括文件系统错误。
但有时，扫描会引发错误：“磁盘没有足够的空间来替换坏簇”。它指的是什么空间？究竟什么是坏集群？
这是一个概述。
硬盘存储的工作原理
要了解为什么会出现错误，您必须首先了解硬盘内存的工作原理。
当您第一次开始使用驱动器时，它实际上并没有使用其上的所有可用存储空间。它的一小部分扇区被保留，甚至不计入您在其属性上看到的可用容量。
为什么？以提高驱动器的使用寿命。基本上(Basically)，由于各种原因，扇区随着时间的推移开始出现故障。为防止可用存储容量缩小，驱动器只需将数据与保留扇区之一交换并照常继续。
但最终这些额外的扇区开始耗尽，交换失败。这就是您收到“磁盘没有足够的空间来替换坏集群”错误的时候。
什么是坏簇(Are Bad Clusters)？它们为什么会发生？
硬盘(Hard)的工作原理是磁化内存。像所有电子设备一样，它们会受到正常磨损，过度使用的扇区会退化。
坏(Bad)簇只是操作系统不再可以访问的扇区，需要更换。它们自然发生在任何老化的硬盘驱动器中，并且是磁盘故障的最初迹象。
建议您在注意到此问题后备份您的重要文件，以保护您的文件免受数据丢失 - 通常无法恢复丢失到坏扇区的任何数据。有时扇区被错误地标记为坏扇区，在这种情况下，您可以保存数据。
CHKDSK(Does CHKDSK Repair)如何修复硬盘(Hard Disk)？
命令提示符的CHKDSK实用程序是一个有用的工具，但它并不是万能的。许多用户认为检查磁盘工具可以神奇地修复硬盘驱动器上的所有错误，但事实并非如此。
该实用程序的工作方式很简单——它会扫描驱动器中的坏簇，并将它们与保留的可用扇区交换。对于新硬盘，这通常足够好，因为有足够的保留内存。
但是带有快速故障扇区的旧驱动器最终会耗尽任何额外的空间，并且无法再通过交换集群来解决问题。这就是CHKDSK遇到麻烦的时候。
修复 1：使用维多利亚(Victoria)再生坏(Bad)扇区
当我们说重新生成坏扇区时，我们并不是指真正修复它们。没有软件可以解决硬件问题，无论它有多好。
像Victoria这样的应用程序所做的是将您的数据复制到更健康的扇区，并恢复任何被操作系统错误标记为坏的扇区。正如您所料，这实际上会降低硬盘驱动器的总存储容量，尽管它确实使其更稳定。
- 下载维多利亚(Download Victoria)
- 由于它是一个可移植的应用程序，您只需解压缩下载的 zip 文件并运行可执行文件。
- 该应用程序将自动检索正在使用的硬盘上的信息并将其显示在屏幕上。要获得更详细的SMART。报告，点击SMART。顶部的按钮。
- 聪明(S.M.A.R.T)的。信息以易于解析的格式呈现，每个条目都按其健康级别进行颜色编码。绿色(Green)是健康的，黄色(Yellow)是恶化的，红色(Red)是关键的。这里的关键字段是重新分配的扇区计数(Sector Count)（或SSD中的可用备用(Available Spare)）。如果这是黄色或红色，这意味着您的驱动器有坏扇区。
- 要实际解决影响您的驱动器的问题，请切换到“测试(Test)和修复(Repair)”选项卡，然后单击“扫描(Scan)”按钮。
Victoria现在将扫描驱动器的扇区并尝试在可能的情况下恢复您的数据。任何被错误标记为坏的集群都将被重新生成，从而可能使磁盘免于故障。
修复 2：扩展驱动器
这个有点情景。很多时候，用户在第一次格式化驱动器(formatting the drive)时会留下一小部分未分配的硬盘容量。这个额外的空间可以添加到现有磁盘中，为CHKDSK提供一个新的扇区集合以供使用。
当然，如果驱动器上没有任何未分配的空间，则无法扩展卷。但如果你这样做，这里是这样做的步骤：
- 在开始菜单(Start Menu)中搜索磁盘管理(Disk Management)以找到用于创建和格式化分区的工具。请注意，在Microsoft Windows 11上，它实际上并没有显示该名称，因此只需打开出现的应用程序。
- 显示磁盘管理窗口，列出当前驱动器上的所有分区及其运行状况。
- 如果驱动器上有任何未分配的空间，它也会显示在这里。然后您可以右键单击主分区并选择扩展卷...(Extend Volume…)选项。如果没有任何额外的空间，该选项将灰显。
新存储容量的注入将大量健康扇区添加到您的分区中，从而改善其整体健康状况。扩展卷后运行CHKDSK扫描将允许它用新空间中的新扇区交换坏簇，“修复”驱动器。
修复 3：让 CHKDSK 运行
当CHKDSK抛出“磁盘没有足够的空间来替换坏簇错误”时，它不会停止扫描。当您看到错误时，您明显的本能可能是关闭该进程，但最好让它继续运行。
您不会立即看到明显的变化，但检查磁盘将继续尝试修复驱动器。这可能需要几个小时，但最终，该过程将完成。该公用事业公司很有可能会设法拯救一些扇区并进行修复。
修复 4：获取替换驱动器
不，我们不是在开玩笑。问题是，看到错误的集群错误意味着您的驱动器开始出现故障。虽然您可以使用Victoria(Victoria)和CHKDSK之类的工具来拖很多时间，但最终磁盘将停止工作。
解决方案？找一个替代品。虽然有时可以从死硬盘中提取数据(extract data out of a dead hard drive)，但没有软件产品可以修复硬件问题。
这个想法是在您仍然可以保存数据的同时保存数据，因为在致命的磁盘崩溃后您可能没有机会。至少您应该开始将最重要的文件备份到云存储或将磁盘克隆(clone the disk)到外部硬盘驱动器以确保安全。
清洁驱动器有帮助吗？
许多在线指南建议对磁盘进行碎片整理(defragmenting the disk)或删除不必要的应用程序。给出的理由是释放的内存可以用来修复坏集群。不幸的是，这不是真的。
CHKDSK实用程序引用的可用空间是驱动器上的保留空间，而不是当前正在使用的内存。虽然清理计算机通常是一种好习惯（甚至可以加快系统速度），但它无助于修复坏集群。
修复(Fix “)Windows中“磁盘没有(Disk Does)足够空间(Enough Space)替换坏集群”错误的最佳方法是什么？
从本质上讲，此错误表明存在更严重的硬件问题。坏(Bad)集群是由硬盘驱动器故障引起的，再多的磁盘清理或诊断应用程序都无法解决这个问题。
话虽如此，维多利亚(Victoria)之类的工具可以通过重新生成坏扇区并将数据移动到更稳定的扇区来帮助您从硬盘驱动器中获得更多生命。如果您的驱动器上有未分配的空间，您也可以尝试扩展磁盘以合并额外的卷。
无论如何，您应该在看到这样的错误后立即开始备份数据。(start backing up your data)您永远不知道您的驱动器何时会完全失效，并且备份可确保您不会丢失任何数据。因为最终硬盘驱动器会发生故障，需要更换。
Fix “The Disk Does Not Have Enough Space to Replace Bad Clusters” Error in Windows
It is frequently recommended to run the CHKDSK tool from the Windows Command Prompt. Doing so scans the hard disk and repairs minor issues, including file system errors.
But sometimes, the scan throws up an error: “The disk does not have enough space to replace bad clusters”. What space is it referring to? And what exactly are bad clusters?
Here’s an overview.
How Hard Disk Storage Works
To understand why you get the error, you must first understand how hard drive memory works.
When you first start using a drive, it doesn’t actually use all of the storage available on it. A fraction of its sectors are kept reserved, and not even counted toward the available capacity you see on its Properties.
Why? To boost the drive’s longevity. Basically, due to various reasons, sectors start malfunctioning over time. To prevent the available storage capacity from shrinking, the drive simply swaps the data with one of the reserved sectors and continues as normal.
But ultimately these extra sectors start running out, and the swap fails. That’s when you get the “disk does not have enough space to replace bad clusters” error.
What Are Bad Clusters? Why Do They Occur?
Hard disks work on the principle of magnetized memory. Like all electronic devices, they are subject to normal wear and tear, with sectors used too heavily getting degraded.
Bad clusters are just sectors that are no longer accessible by the operating system, requiring replacement. They occur naturally in any aging hard drive and are the first signs of a failing disk.
It is recommended to back up your important files upon noticing this issue to safeguard your files against data loss – it is usually not possible to recover any data lost to bad sectors. Sometimes sectors are erroneously marked as bad, in which case you can save your data.
How Does CHKDSK Repair the Hard Disk?
Command Prompt’s CHKDSK utility is a useful tool, but it is not all-powerful. Many users think that the check disk tool can magically fix all errors on a hard disk drive, but that’s not true.
The way the utility works is simple – it scans the drive for bad clusters and swaps them with available sectors in reserve. For a new hard disk, this is usually good enough as there is plenty of reserved memory.
But old drives with rapidly failing sectors end up running out of any extra space, and can no longer get by with swapping clusters. That’s when CHKDSK runs into trouble.
Fix 1: Use Victoria to Regenerate Bad Sectors
When we say regenerate bad sectors, we don’t really mean actually fixing them. No software can fix a hardware issue, no matter how good it is.
What apps like Victoria do is that they copy over your data to healthier sectors, and restore any sectors that have been wrongly marked as bad by the OS. As you might expect, this actually pushes down the total storage capacity of the hard drive, though it does make it more stable.
- Download Victoria
- As it is a portable application, you can just extract the download zip file and run the executable.
- The app will automatically retrieve information on the hard disk in use and display it on the screen. To get a more detailed S.M.A.R.T. report, click on the S.M.A.R.T. button on the top.
- The S.M.A.R.T. information is presented in an easy-to-parse format, with each entry color-coded by its health level. Green is healthy, Yellow is deteriorating and Red means critical. The key field here is Reallocated Sector Count (or Available Spare in an SSD). If this is in yellow or red, this means that your drive has bad sectors.
- To actually fix the issues affecting your drive, switch to the Test & Repair tab and click the Scan button.
Victoria will now scan the sectors of the drive and try to recover your data where possible. Any clusters mistakenly marked as bad would be regenerated, potentially rescuing the disk from failure.
Fix 2: Extend the Drive
This one is a bit situational. Many times users leave a fraction of their hard disk capacity unallocated when first formatting the drive. This extra space can be added into the existing disk to give CHKDSK a fresh collection of sectors to use.
Of course, if you don’t have any unallocated space on the drive, extending the volume isn’t possible. But in case you do, here are the steps for doing so:
- Search for Disk Management in the Start Menu to locate the tool for creating and formatting partitions. Note that on Microsoft Windows 11 it doesn’t actually show up with that name, so just open the app that appears.
- The disk management window shows up, listing all the partitions on the current drive, along with their health.
- If there is any unallocated space on the drive, it will also show up here. Then you can right-click on your main partition and select the Extend Volume… option. Without any such extra space, the option will be grayed out.
The infusion of fresh storage capacity adds a large number of healthy sectors into your partition, improving its overall health. Running a CHKDSK scan after extending the volume will allow it to swap the bad clusters with the fresh sectors in the new space, “fixing” the drive.
Fix 3: Just Let CHKDSK Run
When CHKDSK throws up the “disk does not have enough space to replace bad clusters error”, it doesn’t stop scanning. Your obvious instinct might be to close the process when you see an error, but it is better to keep it running.
You will see no obvious changes right away, but check disk will keep trying to fix the drive. It might take a few hours, but eventually, the process will be completed. There is a good chance that the utility will manage to rescue some of the sectors and repair them.
Fix 4: Get a Replacement Drive
No, we are not kidding. The thing is, seeing a bad clusters error means that your drive is beginning to fail. And while you can drag things on for quite a bit by using tools like Victoria and CHKDSK, ultimately the disk is just going to stop working.
The solution? Get a replacement. While it is sometimes possible to extract data out of a dead hard drive, no software product can fix hardware issues.
The idea is to save your data while you still can, because you may not get a chance after a fatal disk crash. At the very least you should start backing up your most important files to cloud storage or clone the disk to an external hard drive to be safe.
Does Cleaning the Drive Help?
Many online guides suggest defragmenting the disk or removing unnecessary apps. The rationale given is that the freed-up memory could then be used to fix the bad clusters. Unfortunately, that’s not true.
The free space referred to by the CHKDSK utility is the reserved space on the drive, not the memory currently in use. While cleaning up your computer is generally a good practice (and can even speed up your system) it will not help fix bad clusters.
What Is the Best Way To Fix “The Disk Does Not Have Enough Space to Replace Bad Clusters” Error in Windows?
At its core, this error is indicative of a more serious hardware problem. Bad clusters are caused by a failing hard drive, and no amount of disk cleaning or diagnostic applications are going to fix that.
That being said, tools like Victoria can help you get a bit more life out of your hard drive by regenerating bad sectors and moving your data to more stable sectors. If you have unallocated space on your drive, you can also try extending the disk to incorporate the extra volume.
In any case, you should start backing up your data as soon as you see an error like this. You never know when your drive will completely fail, and having a backup ensures that you do not lose any data. Because ultimately the hard drive will fail, requiring a replacement.
