在Ubuntu中，Nautilus是默认的文件管理器。它还负责绘制桌面和图标，例如文件夹、文件、档案和可移动媒体。 Nautilus能够显示您的计算机图标、主文件夹图标、网络图标、垃圾桶图标以及任何已安装卷的图标，例如 CD、DVD(DVDs)和外部硬盘驱动器或闪存卡。
但是，在许多Linux发行版（例如Ubuntu）中，许多选项都已关闭，如果您翻阅Nautilus首选项（逻辑位置，因为Nautilus确实绘制桌面），似乎没有任何方法显示或隐藏它们，取决于您自己的个人喜好。
值得庆幸的是，如果不能定制，Linux就什么都不是，所以改变这种行为并不是那么困难。我们只需要终端(Terminal)（或运行对话框(Run Dialog)）和配置编辑器(Configuration Editor)。
根据您的Linux版本，配置编辑器(Configuration Editor)启动器可能在您的应用程序菜单中不可见。如果是，只需启动它（它应该在Applications下的(Applications)System Tools菜单中）。
您还可以通过打开运行对话框(Run Dialog)并从那里启动它来启动配置编辑器。(Configuration Editor)要访问Run Dialog，请点击Alt-F2，然后键入gconf-editor，如下所示：
这些命令中的任何一个都将启动配置编辑器(Configuration Editor)，它看起来像这样：
要访问桌面(Desktop)上显示的图标的首选项，我们需要访问Nautilus首选项。 首先(First)，双击左侧边栏中的应用程序(apps)文件夹，这将显示一长串程序偏好设置。
现在向下滚动到nautilus条目并双击它，这将显示Nautilus选项的完整列表。
这将显示一些选项，例如compact_view、desktop、desktop-metadata、icon_view、list_view、preferences和sidebar_panels。我们想要的是desktop，因此单击它，右侧的主窗口现在将显示所有不同的Nautilus Desktop选项。
根据您的系统，某些复选框将被选中，而其他复选框不会被选中。在上图中，您可以看到唯一选中的复选框是让卷可见。这意味着只会显示外部驱动器、闪存卡、CD 和DVD(DVDs)。要更改此行为，请选中其他复选框以进行选择。您可以选择使计算机图标、主文件夹、网络图标和垃圾桶图标可见。所以检查所有你想要的。在这张图片中，我们选择了所有这些。
当我们选中每个复选框时，图标将立即在桌面(Desktop)上可见。在选中计算机、主文件夹、网络和垃圾箱图标的复选框之前，我们的桌面看起来像这样。
但是，在选中这些框后，我们现在可以看到以前隐藏的所有图标。
这就是它的全部！一些发行版，比如Linux Mint，已经创建了额外的GUI工具来使这个过程变得更简单，但是只要有一点诀窍，改变你的桌面图标偏好并不难，而且更多，只需使用配置编辑器(Configuration Editor)。
Show and Hide Desktop Icons in GNOME Linux
In Ubuntu, Nautilus is the default file manager. It also takeѕ care of drawing the desktop and icons, such as folders, files, archives and removablе media. Nautilus has the abіlity to diѕplay уour computer’s icon, the home folder icon, a network iсon, trash can icon, аnd icons for any mounted vоlumes, such as CDs, DVDs, and external hard drіves оr flash cards.
However, in many Linux distributions (such as Ubuntu), many of those options are turned off, and if you flip through the Nautilus preferences (the logical place, since Nautilus does draw the desktop), there doesn’t appear to be any way to show them, or to hide them, depending on your own personal preference.
Thankfully, Linux is nothing if not customizable, so changing this behavior isn’t all that difficult. We’ll just need the Terminal (or Run Dialog), and the Configuration Editor.
Depending on your version of Linux, the Configuration Editor launcher might not be visible in your application menus. If it is, simply launch it (it should be in the System Tools menu under Applications).
You can also launch the Configuration Editor by opening the Run Dialog and launching it from there. To access the Run Dialog, hit Alt-F2, then type gconf-editor, as shown:
Either of these commands will launch the Configuration Editor, which will look something like this:
To access the preferences for what icons are shown on the Desktop, we need to access the Nautilus preferences. First, double click the apps folder in the left sidebar, which will reveal a long list of program preferences.
Now scroll down to the nautilus entry and double click it, which will reveal the full list of Nautilus options.
This will reveal a few options, such as compact_view, desktop, desktop-metadata, icon_view, list_view, preferences and sidebar_panels. The one we want is desktop, so click it and the main window to the right will now show all the different Nautilus Desktop options.
Depending on your system, some checkboxes will be checked, while others will not be checked. In the above image, you can see that the only selected checkbox is for volumes to be visible. This means that only external drives, flash cards, CDs and DVDs will be shown. To change this behavior, select other checkboxes to select. You have the option to make the computer icon, the home folder, the network icon and the trash icon visible. So check all you want. In this image, we’ve selected all of them.
As we check each checkbox, the icons will instantly become visible on the Desktop. Before checking the boxes for the computer, home folder, network and trash icons, our desktop looked like this.
After checking off the boxes, however, we can now see all the icons that were previously hidden.
And that’s all there is to it! Some distributions, such as Linux Mint, have created extra GUI tools to make this process a simpler one, but with a little know-how, it’s not too hard to change your desktop icon preferences, and a whole lot more, just by using the Configuration Editor.
