诊断Windows不仅是 IT 分析师需要担心的事情。任何拥有计算机的人都应该能够轻松地使用Windows
诊断工具进行基本故障排除。
信不信由你，如果你有合适的工具可用并且知道如何使用它们，你可以自己解决大多数问题。
诊断Windows问题也不需要复杂的工具或高级计算机知识。使用正确的工具，任何计算机所有者都应该能够缩小他们可能遇到的问题。
以下是 15 种最有效的Windows
诊断工具，您可以使用它来确定您的Windows PC 可能出现的问题。
进程浏览器
第一个工具是您在使用之前没有意识到自己需要的那些诊断应用程序之一。大多数计算机专家会指导您使用任务管理器中的“( tab in Task Manager)进程(Processes)(Processes)”选项卡来查看哪些应用程序可能会占用您所有的CPU时间。
任务管理器(Task Manager)的问题是它只显示顶级进程。另一方面，Process Explorer使用树形结构不仅向您显示顶级进程，还向您显示连接到该应用程序的子进程。
该工具是希望确保其应用程序进程没有内存泄漏(memory leaks)或 CPU 使用问题的程序员的最爱。
Process Explorer还包括以下所有诊断功能：
- 实时CPU、内存(Memory)、I/O 和GPU图表。
- 颜色编码以查看最活跃的进程。
- 获取(Get)有关进程的详细属性，例如内存、优先级、句柄等。
- 自定义(Customize)多处理器CPU负载和进程优先级。
下载进程资源管理器(Download Process Explorer)
CPUID
当您使用远程帮助台并需要CPU
信息时，CPUID是一个强大的工具，可以查看您需要了解的有关CPU的所有信息。如果您正在寻找升级系统并希望找到完美匹配，它还可以帮助收集GPU或内存卡信息。(GPU)
它可以免费下载和使用，并且可以在 32 位和 64 位系统上运行。它向您显示的有关您的CPU和其他系统信息的信息量令人印象深刻。
- 处理器(Processor)品牌和所有规格
- 缓存大小
- 主板品牌和版本。
- 当前内存大小和时间
- 每个插槽中存储卡的规格
- GPU品牌、时钟速度和内存
- CPU基准测试和压力测试工具
下载 CPU-Z(Download CPU-Z)
系统资源管理器
System Explorer是一个令人印象深刻的工具，它让您比大多数其他可用工具更深入地了解您的整体系统性能。
除了正在运行的流程之外，它还包括实时图表、所有活动的互联网连接以及流程活动的历史记录。
System Explorer中的功能包括：
- 所有活动进程的树结构分解
- 用于对活动进程执行文件安全检查的内置工具
- 双击(Double)一个进程以查看创建它的公司和所有相关模块
- 出色的CPU(CPU)、RM 和 I/O系统使用率实时图表
- 使用您计算机的互联网连接的所有正在运行的进程
- 处理器活动的历史列表
下载系统资源管理器(Download System Explorer)
可靠性监视器
Windows 10内置了一个有用的诊断工具，无需安装即可使用。这称为可靠性监控(Reliability Monito)。
要打开它，请单击开始(Start)
并键入可靠性(reliability)。选择查看可靠性历史记录(View reliability history)。
可靠性历史图表向您显示Windows(Windows)系统中发生任何错误的位置。这些错误与您可能在Windows 事件日志(Windows Event Logs)中看到的错误相同，但以易于发现错误的图形方式排列。
如何使用可靠性监视器：
- 单击(Click)任何红色 X 可在底部窗格中查看有关这些错误的更多信息。
- 点击(Click)任意黄色！查看有关这些警告的更多信息。
- 使用查看技术详细信息(View
technical details)可查看有关警告或错误的更多详细信息。
您无需担心所有错误和警告。大多数 Windows 系统都会发生随机错误。但是，如果您在很长一段时间内看到反复出现的严重错误，您可能已经发现了影响系统性能的问题。
Wi-Fi 分析仪
这是一个免费的应用程序，您可以从Microsoft Store安装。它是快速分析您所在的 所有无线网络(analyzing all wireless networks)的强大工具。
它提供可用 Wi-Fi 信号的当前强度。它还显示您当前连接的网络的详细信息。这些包括通道、频率、带宽等。
免费版的其他功能包括：
- (Realtime)所有本地Wi-Fi(Wi-Fi)信号及其强度的实时图表
- (Filter Wi-Fi)根据无线频率过滤 Wi-Fi图
- (Bar)所有可用无线网络强度的条形图
- (Link)您当前连接的网络的链接速度
下载 Wi-Fi 分析仪(Download Wi-Fi Analyzer)
愤怒的 IP 扫描仪
如果您觉得当前网络的带宽似乎很慢，您可以使用Angry IP Scanner之类的工具。该工具将扫描您的整个网络并向您显示所有连接到您的网络的设备(show you all devices connected to your network)。
主动连接的设备(Actively connected devices)显示为带有蓝点的 IP 地址。您还将看到设备主机名和当前 ping 状态。
Angry IP Scanner的功能包括：
- 将 IP 列表导出(Export)为不同的文件格式
- 与第三方数据获取器应用程序一起使用
- 包括一个命令行工具，可用于通过计划任务扫描网络
- 适用于Windows、Mac和Linux系统
- 从EXE文件运行，无需安装
安装愤怒的 IP 扫描仪(Install Angry IP Scanner)
WinDirStat
这是分析磁盘驱动器的强大工具。查找(Find)
哪些文件夹占用的空间最多，并发现旧文件可能会浪费空间的区域。
首次启动该工具时，它将执行全盘驱动器扫描和分析。此信息以三个区域和格式呈现：
- 目录列表(Directory
list)：列出驱动器上所有目录的完整列表
- Treemap : 以创意树格式显示目录的内容
- 扩展名列表(Extension
list)：查看驱动器上所有文件类型的列表及其统计信息
底部的图形显示可让您快速发现占用磁盘驱动器大部分空间的内容。
如果您单击最大的区域，您将看到这些文件及其位置的列表，以便您可以删除它们并快速清理您的驱动器空间。
下载 WinDirStat(Download WinDirStat)
晶盘信息
这个免费实用程序是分析系统硬盘驱动器(analyzing the hard drives)的另一个有用工具。它是监控驱动器并确保它们以最佳状态运行的有用工具。查看(View)温度、错误率、电源问题等。
(Key)CrystalDiskInfo的(CrystalDiskInfo)主要功能包括：
- 声学(Acoustic)和电源管理控制
- SMART驱动器图
- 设置(Set)磁盘出现问题时的警报电子邮件
- 出现错误时获取(Get)系统通知
这是一个简单的应用程序，但它非常强大，可以在磁盘问题变得严重并且您丢失所有数据之前快速解决问题。
下载 CrystalDiskInfo(Download CrystalDiskInfo)
HWiNFO
这个令人印象深刻的诊断实用程序将现有的
Windows诊断工具全部整合到一个包中。
它让您深入了解整个系统，包括有关系统中硬件的信息、对所有系统组件的实时监控，以及记录和导出有关计算机的深入报告的能力。
特点包括：
- 有关设备管理器(Device Manager)中列出的所有硬件的详细信息
- 查看(View)安装在计算机内的所有传感器的数据
- 生成(Generate)实用程序收集的数据的报告
- 使用HWINFO64(HWINFO64)设置自定义实用程序
下载 HWiNFO(Download HWiNFO)
硬盘扫描
这个免费软件工具为您提供多种工具，用于对任何类型的硬盘进行硬盘诊断，包括( hard drive diagnostics)RAID阵列、USB驱动器或SSD驱动器。
该软件包括用于检查坏块、坏扇区的测试功能，并收集有关硬盘驱动器的多个参数。
特点包括：
- 健康测试您的驱动器
- (Predict)根据降级预测驱动器的使用寿命
- 获取驱动器的完整SMART报告
下载 HDDScan(Download HDDScan)
Windows Sysinternals 套件
#1 中列出的Process Explorer是一个(Explorer)SysInternals应用程序，可从Microsoft网站下载。SysInternals提供一整套实用程序和工具。您可以通过下载整个套件一次下载它们。
该套件包括以下实用程序：
- 广告浏览器
- 自动登录
- 时钟分辨率
- 核心资讯
- 台式机
- 磁盘视图
- 页面碎片整理
- RAMMap（如上图）
- 西门
- TCP视图
- 多得多
如果您想要可以监控进程、硬件、服务和系统其他一切的软件，那么这个实用程序套件可能是您可以下载的最好的单一诊断套件。
下载 SysInternalsSuite(Download SysInternalsSuite)
恶意软件字节
恶意软件(Malware)是一种祸害，它会侵扰计算机、减慢您的系统速度并中断您在互联网上花费的时间。防病毒(Antivirus)软件非常适合清理病毒和受感染的文件，但它有时会忽略恶意软件。
Malwarebytes 是一种专门用于识别和清除系统中可能已进入系统的任何恶意软件的工具。
使用Malwarebytes也很容易。安装后，只需运行完整的系统扫描并查看实用程序发现的内容。您还可以将应用程序配置为按计划自动运行，因此您不必担心随着时间的推移您的系统会被更多的恶意软件弄得一团糟。
下载恶意软件字节(Download Malwarebytes)
JScreenFix
这个在线实用程序可能是最容易使用的诊断工具，因为它是基于 Web 的。
如果无论您做什么，您的屏幕上都会留下一个亮点，这是由所谓的“卡住像素”引起的。您可以通过查看黑屏并寻找亮点来寻找这些。
使用JScreenFix实用程序，您可以将静态块拖到卡住的像素上，它会在不到 10 分钟的时间内解决问题。
使用 JScreenFix(Use JScreenFix)
ESET 系统检查器
如果您不想挖掘系统错误并自行排除故障，您可以尝试使用这个多合一的工具来扫描您的系统并尝试为您诊断典型的系统问题。
它是一个免费应用程序，通常集成到
ESET 防病毒(ESET Antivirus)软件中。如果您不确定从哪里开始，它至少是一个很好的第一个尝试工具。该软件扫描并检测以下所有问题：
- 流程和服务
- 可疑文件
- 问题软件
- 硬件不兼容
- 过时或有问题的驱动程序
- 需要更新的操作系统文件
- 注册表问题
- 访问网络或互联网的可疑应用程序
即使你没有找到答案，它至少会为你指明正确的方向。
下载 ESET SysInspector(Download ESET SysInspector)
调试诊断 2
此工具适用于高级Windows用户，允许您获取Windows进程的完整内存转储，并让调试诊断(Debug Diagnostics)分析文件。
此诊断工具将允许您以比自己挖掘文件更容易理解的方式分析转储文件。
该工具最适合已经了解转储文件如何工作（以及如何创建它们）的用户。该工具将使您分析这些文件的工作变得更加容易。
下载 DebugDiag2(Download DebugDiag2)
使用 Windows 诊断工具
如您所见，有许多工具可用于许多不同的目的。您选择哪一种取决于您遇到的问题类型。
上面的列表应该可以帮助您决定下载和使用哪一个来解决您可能遇到的任何Windows问题。(Windows)
15 Windows Diagnostics Tools to Improve Your PC’s Health
Diagnоsing Windows is not only something IT analysts need to
worry about. Anyonе who owns а computer should be comfortable using Windows
diagnоѕtics tоols to do basic troubleshоoting.
Believe it or not, you can fix most problems yourself if you
have the right tools available and know how to use them.
Diagnosing Windows problems doesn’t require complicated
tools or advanced computer knowledge either. With the right tools, any computer
owner should be able to narrow down issues they may be having.
The following are 15 of the most effective Windows
diagnostics tools you can use to identify what may be ailing your Windows PC.
Process Explorer
The first tool is one of those diagnostics apps you don’t realize you need until you’ve used it. Most computer experts will direct you to use the Processes tab in Task Manager to see what applications may be consuming all your CPU time.
The problem with Task Manager is it only shows top level processes. On the other hand, Process Explorer uses a tree structure to show you not only top-level processes, but also child processes connected to that application.
This tool is a favorite among programmers looking to make sure their application processes don’t have memory leaks or CPU usage issues.
Process Explorer also includes all the following diagnostics
features:
- Real-Time CPU, Memory, I/O, and GPU charts.
- Color coding to see most active processes.
- Get detailed properties about processes like memory, priority, handles, and more.
- Customize multiprocessor CPU load and process priority.
Download Process Explorer
CPUID
When you’re working with a remote help desk and need CPU
information, CPUID is a powerful tool to view everything you need to know about
your CPU. It can also help gather GPU or memory card information if you’re
looking to upgrade your system and want to find a perfect match.
It’s free to download and use and works on both 32-bit and
64-bit systems. The amount of information it shows you about your CPU and other
system information is impressive.
- Processor brand and all specifications
- Cache sizes
- Motherboard brand and version.
- Current memory size and timings
- Specs for memory cards in each slot
- GPU brand, clock speed and memory
- CPU benchmarking and stress testing tools
Download CPU-Z
System Explorer
System Explorer is an impressive tool that gives you more
insight into your overall system performance than most other available tools.
In addition to running processes, it includes real-time
charting, all active internet connections, and a history of process activity.
Features in System Explorer include:
- Tree structure breakdown of all active processes
- Built-in tool to perform a file security check
on active processes
- Double click a process to see what company create
it and all associated modules
- Excellent system usage real-time charting of
CPU, RM, and I/O
- All running processes using your computer’s
internet connection
- Historical list of processor activities
Download System Explorer
Reliability Monitor
There is one useful diagnostics tool built right into Windows 10 that you can use without the need for an install. This is called the Reliability Monitor.
To open it, click Start
and type reliability. Select View reliability history.
The reliability history graph shows you where any errors
have occurred in your Windows system. These are the same errors you might see
in the Windows Event Logs but laid out in a graphical way where errors are easy
to spot.
How to use the Reliability Monitor:
- Click on any red X to see more information in
the bottom pane about those errors.
- Click any yellow ! to see more information about
those warnings.
- Use View
technical details to see more detailed information about warnings or
errors.
You don’t need to worry about all errors and warnings. Most
Windows systems have random errors that occur. But if you see a recurring
pattern of critical errors over a long period of time, you might have
identified an issue that’s impacting your system performance.
Wi-Fi Analyzer
This is a free application you can install from the Microsoft Store. It’s a powerful tool for quickly analyzing all wireless networks where you are.
It provides the current strength of available Wi-Fi signals.
It also shows you a breakdown of details for the network you’re currently
connected to. These include the channel, frequency, bandwidth, and more.
Other features of the free version include:
- Realtime graph of all local Wi-Fi signals and
their strength
- Filter Wi-Fi graphs based on wireless frequency
- Bar chart of the strength of all available
wireless networks
- Link speed of your currently connected network
Download Wi-Fi Analyzer
Angry IP Scanner
If you feel like the bandwidth of your current network seems slow, you can use a tool like Angry IP Scanner. This tool will scan your entire network and show you all devices connected to your network.
Actively connected devices show up as IP addresses with blue dots. You’ll also see the device hostname and current ping status.
Features of Angry IP Scanner include:
- Export the IP list to different file formats
- Works with third party data fetcher applications
- Includes a command-line tool you can use to scan
your network with a scheduled task
- Available for Windows, Mac, and Linux systems
- Runs from an EXE file and doesn’t need to be
installed
Install Angry IP Scanner
WinDirStat
This is a powerful tool for analyzing your disk drives. Find
which folders consume the most space and discover areas where you might have
old files wasting space.
When you first launch the tool, it’ll perform a full disk
drive scan and analysis. This information is presented in three areas and
formats:
- Directory
list: Lays out an entire list of all directories on the drive
- Treemap:
Shows you the contents of the directories in a creative tree format
- Extension
list: See a list of all file types on the drive along with their statistics
The graphical display at the bottom lets you quickly spot what’s taking up most of the space on your disk drives.
If you click on the largest areas, you’ll see a list of those files and their locations so you can remove them and quickly clean up your drive space.
Download WinDirStat
CrystalDiskInfo
This free utility is another useful tool for analyzing the hard drives on your system. It’s a useful tool for monitoring your drives and making sure they’re running optimally. View temperatures, error rates, power issues, and more.
Key features of CrystalDiskInfo include:
- Acoustic and power management controls
- S.M.A.R.T. drive graphs
- Set up alert emails for when your disks are
experiencing issues
- Get system notifications when there are errors
This is a simple app, but it’s very powerful for getting a
jump on disk issues before they get to serious and you lose all your data.
Download CrystalDiskInfo
HWiNFO
This impressive diagnostics utility combines existing
Windows diagnostics tools all into one single package.
It provides you with insight into your entire system,
including information about hardware in your system, real-time monitoring of all
your system components, and the ability to log and export in-depth reports
about your computer.
Features include:
- Detailed information about all hardware listed
in the Device Manager
- View data from all sensors installed inside your
computer
- Generate reports of the data gathered by the
utility
- Customize the utility using HWINFO64 Settings
Download HWiNFO
hddscan
This freeware tool provides you with multiple tools for hard drive diagnostics for any kind of hard drive, including RAID arrays, USB drives, or SSD drives.
The software includes test features for checking for bad
blocks, bad sectors, and gathers multiple parameters about your hard drives.
Features include:
- Health test your drives
- Predict the life of your drives based on
degradation
- Get a full S.M.A.R.T report of your drives
Download HDDScan
Windows Sysinternals Suite
Process Explorer listed in #1 is a SysInternals app
available for download from the Microsoft website. SysInternals offers an
entire suite of utilities and tools. You can download them all at once by
downloading the entire suite.
This suite includes utilities like:
- AdExplorer
- Autologon
- ClockRes
- Coreinfo
- Desktops
- DiskView
- PageDefrag
- RAMMap (image shown above)
- Sysmon
- TCPView
- Much more
If you want software that can monitor processes, hardware,
services, and everything else about your system, this utility suite is probably
the best single diagnostics suite you can download.
Download SysInternalsSuite
Malwarebytes
Malware is a scourge that infests computers, slows down your
system, and interrupts your time spent on the internet. Antivirus software is
great for cleaning up viruses and infected files, but it can sometimes overlook
malware.
Malwarebytes is a tool built specifically to identify and
clean your system of any malware that might have made its way into your system.
Using Malwarebytes is also easy. Once you install it, just
run a full system scan and see what the utility discovers. You can also
configure the application to run automatically on a schedule, so you don’t have
to worry about your system getting cluttered with more malware as time goes on.
Download Malwarebytes
JScreenFix
This online utility is probably the easiest diagnostics tool
to use since it’s web based.
If you’ve ever had a bright dot that remains on your screen
no matter what you do, this is caused by what’s known as a “stuck pixel”. You
can look for these by viewing a black screen and looking for light dots.
Using the JScreenFix utility, you can drag the static block
over the stuck pixel, and it’ll fix the problem in less than 10 minutes.
Use JScreenFix
ESET SysInspector
If you don’t want to dig through system errors and
troubleshoot yourself, you could try this all-in-one tool that’ll scan your
system and try to diagnose typical system issues for you.
It’s a free application that’s normally integrated into the
ESET Antivirus software. It’s at least an excellent first tool to try if you’re
not sure where to start. The software scans and detects issues with all the
following:
- Processes and services
- Suspicious files
- Problem software
- Incompatible hardware
- Outdated or problem drivers
- OS files that require updates
- Registry problems
- Suspicious apps accessing the network or internet
Even if you don’t find the answer, it’ll at least point you in the right direction.
Download ESET SysInspector
Debug Diagnostics 2
This tool for advanced Windows users allows you to take full
memory dumps of a Windows process and have Debug Diagnostics analyze the file.
This diagnostics tool will allow you to analyze dump files
in a way that’s easier to understand than digging through the files yourself.
This tool is best suited for users who already understand
how dump files work (and how to create them). The tool will make your job
analyzing these files much easier.
Download DebugDiag2
Using Windows Diagnostics Tools
As you can see there are many tools available for many
different purposes. The one you choose depends on what kind of problems you’re
having.
The list above should help you decide which one to download
and use to fix whatever Windows problems you may be having.
