使用Windows 服务管理器^{(Windows Service Manager)}，您可以延迟Windows服务的启动，从而改善您的 Windows 启动时间^{(improve your Windows boot times)}。系统服务的自动^(Automatic)（延迟启动^{(Delayed Start)}）选项是在Windows Vista中引入的，在Windows 11/10中，它被扩展为涵盖所有服务。

自动（延迟启动）含义

Windows 服务是通常在计算机启动时启动并在后台安静运行直到关闭的应用程序。

在某些较旧的计算机上，可能需要延迟加载特定Windows服务以使计算机正确启动。在其他时候，您可能希望在启动其他服务^(Service)之前确保某个特定服务^(Service)已启动并且可用于故障排除。这就是自动^(Automatic)（延迟启动^{(Delayed Start)}）选项可以提供帮助的地方。

这是如何运作的？微软^(Microsoft)解释如下：

服务控制管理器^{(Service Control Manager)}会在所有自动启动线程完成启动后启动配置为延迟自动启动的服务。服务控制^{(Service Control)}管理器还将这些延迟服务的初始线程的优先级设置为THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST。这会导致线程执行的所有磁盘 I/O 的优先级都非常低。服务完成初始化后，服务控制管理器^{(Service Control Manager)}将优先级设置回正常。延迟启动、低CPU和内存优先级以及后台磁盘优先级的组合大大减少了对用户登录的干扰。许多Windows服务，包括后台智能传输服务^{(Background Intelligent Transfer Service)}( BITS )、Windows 更新客户端^{(Windows Update Client)}和Windows Media Center使用这种新的启动类型来帮助提高系统启动后的登录性能。

延迟^(Delay)加载特定的Windows 服务^(Services)

要延迟加载服务^(Services)，请运行^(Run) services.msc，打开服务管理器^{(Services Manager)}。选择^(Select)服务^(Service)并双击它以打开其属性框^(Properties)。

在启动^(Startup)类型下，您将在下拉菜单中看到四个选项：

1. 自动的，
2. 自动（延迟启动），
3. 手动和
4. 已禁用。

自动^(Automatic)（延迟启动^{(Delayed Start)}）选项让Windows仅在其他服务^(Services)设置为自动^(Automatic)加载后才加载此类服务^(Services)。因此，此类延迟^(Delayed)服务必须等到所有自动^(Automatic)服务都启动后才能启动

默认延迟时间为 120 秒。但这可以通过修改以下注册表项中的AutoStartDelay值来更改：^{(AutoStartDelay)}

HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control

在处理完Automatic non-delayed Services后，Windows会排队一个工作线程来运行Delayed 服务。

不要试图不加选择地延迟服务^(Services)的启动，除非您知道自己在做什么，以免损害计算机的性能和安全性——并且永远不要将您的安全软件的服务的^(Service)启动类型从^{(Startup type)}自动^(Automatic)更改为自动（延迟开始）。^{(Automatic (Delayed Start).)}

KB193888告诉您如何以编程方式并通过修改以下注册表^(Registry)项中的值来执行此操作：

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\<Service name>

知识库文章适用于所有Windows版本。

阅读^(Read)：自动（触发启动）和手动（触发启动）^{(Automatic (Trigger Start) and Manual (Trigger Start))}对 Windows 服务意味着什么？

How to delay loading of specific Services in Windows 11/10

Using thе Wіndows Service Manager, you can delay the starting up of Windows services, just so you can improve your Windows boot times. The Automatic (Delayed Start) option for system services was introduced in Windows Vista, and in Windows 11/10, it was extended to cover all services.

Automatic (Delayed start) meaning

Windows Services are applications that typically start when the computer is booted and run quietly in the background until it is shut down.

On some older computers, it may get necessary to delay the loading of a specific Windows service for the computer to boot properly. At other times, you may want to be sure that a particular Service has started and is available for troubleshooting purposes before the other Service is started. This is where the Automatic (Delayed Start) option can help.

How does this work? Microsoft explains it as follows:

The Service Control Manager starts services that are configured for delayed automatic start after all of the automatic-start threads have finished starting.  The Service Control manager also sets the priority of the initial thread for these delayed services to THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST.  This causes all of the disk I/O performed by the thread to be very low priority.  Once a service finishes initializing, the priority is set back to normal by the Service Control Manager.  The combination of the delayed start, low CPU and memory priority, as well as the background disk priority greatly reduce the interference with the user’s logon.  Many Windows services, including the Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS), Windows Update Client, and Windows Media Center, use this new start type to help improve logon performance after a system boot.

Delay loading of specific Windows Services

To delay the loading of Services, Run services.msc, to open Services Manager. Select the Service and double-click on it to open its Properties box.

Under Startup type, you will see four options in the drop-down menu:

1. Automatic,
2. Automatic (Delayed Start),
3. Manual, and
4. Disabled.

The Automatic (Delayed Start) option, lets Windows load such Services only after the other Services, set to Automatic have loaded. Thus, such Delayed services have to wait to start until all the Automatic services have started

The default delay time is of 120 seconds. But this can be changed by modifying the AutoStartDelay value in the following registry key:

HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control

After handling the Automatic non-delayed Services, Windows will queue a worker thread to run the Delayed services.

Do not be tempted to indiscriminately delay the starting of Services, unless you know what you are doing, lest you compromise with the performance and security of your computer – and never change the Startup type of the Service of your security software from Automatic to Automatic (Delayed Start).

KB193888 tells you how you can do it programmatically and by modifying the value in the following Registry key:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\<Service name>

The KB article works for all Windows versions.

Read: What does Automatic (Trigger Start) and Manual (Trigger Start) mean for Windows Services?

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