无论您的计算机已经使用了一段时间而没有任何问题，或者您刚刚购买了一台全新的计算机，当计算机无法打开时，这可能会很糟糕。
计算机无法启动的原因有很多，而且通常很少有关于问题的线索。一些常见的罪魁祸首包括电源、电池、电源适配器、内部硬件损坏(damaged internal hardware)甚至屏幕(screen)问题。
幸运的是，您可以采取几个故障排除步骤来让您的计算机恢复正常工作。
当您的计算机未打开时如何修复它(How to Fix It When Your Computer Is Not Turning On)
在您执行更高级的故障排除步骤之前，请先执行以下几项基本检查，以在您的计算机根本无法启动时执行。
初步检查(Preliminary Checks)
- 检查电脑是否开启。这听起来很明显，您可能会发现您没有按下电源按钮或开关来打开计算机。
- 对电源进行故障排除并确保其正常工作。通常，PC 背面或笔记本电脑侧面的(the side of your laptop)指示灯表示计算机已插入电源，并且电源正在工作。如果按下电源按钮时完全没有任何反应，则很可能是电源故障。
- 如果您的计算机未打开且电源正常，请确保充电器已正确插入并插入正确的端口。检查端口是否供电，因为并非所有USB端口都供电。
- 确认交流适配器为您的计算机提供合适的电压和电流强度。如果它们不同，您的计算机将无法获得正确的电源。此外，尝试将其直接插入墙上插座，而不是使用电源板或电涌保护器。
- 卸下计算机中的主电池并尝试仅使用交流电源。如果电脑开机，则电池有问题，需要更换。
- 检查计算机的电源插座是否有灰尘和碎屑(dirt and debris)或损坏，如针脚折断或弯曲。这样的事情可能会阻止计算机获得电源或为电池充电。
- 检查计算机的散热孔是否畅通。当通风口被堵塞时，无论是由于灰尘还是其他碎屑，都可能发生过热(overheating)，并且您的计算机可能会突然关闭。了解如何解决笔记本电脑风扇问题(solve laptop fan problems)并让您的笔记本电脑保持凉爽。
- 检查计算机的交流适配器或电源线是否有故障或损坏。如果是这种情况，您可能需要更换它，否则它不会为您的电池充电。
检查你的显示器(Check Your Monitor)
您可能认为您的计算机没有打开是因为屏幕是黑色(screen is black)的。如果是这种情况，您可以从调整屏幕亮度级别(adjusting the screen brightness level)开始。
如果您有双显示器设置(dual monitor setup)，请断开外接显示器并检查桌面是否出现在计算机屏幕上。您还可以插入其他显示器以检查问题是否出在您的计算机显示器上。
检查显示适配器 (Check the Display Adapter )
如果电源键或键盘键亮起，但您的计算机显示屏或显示器为空白，则可能是显示适配器有问题。您可能需要计算机技术人员检查适配器并为您更换。
注意(Note)：如果您使用的是Microsoft 无线显示适配器(Microsoft Wireless Display adapter)，请确保它已连接到显示器上的USB充电端口，并且您的计算机具有最新更新。
分离您的扩展坞(Detach Your Docking Station)
如果您使用的是扩展坞(docking station)，请将其从计算机上拆下，然后将电源适配器直接插入计算机。坞站的电源或电源端口可能出现故障，这可能会在您尝试启动计算机时导致问题。
如果卸下扩展坞后计算机启动，则表示扩展坞出现故障，需要更换。
删除您的可启动媒体驱动器(Remove Your Bootable Media Drive)
如果您使用DVD或USB记忆棒(USB)创建了可启动驱动器(created a bootable drive)并使用它来启动计算机，请从计算机中移除驱动器并尝试再次打开它。有时将驱动器留在计算机中可能会阻止其正常启动。
使用它时，请卸下连接到计算机的所有其他外围设备，例如有线鼠标、打印机电缆、网络摄像头(webcam)或扫描仪。然后，检查您是否可以在仅连接电源线、键盘和显示器的情况下重新打开计算机。
如果您最近安装了任何新硬件，请尝试删除这些硬件并检查计算机是否再次启动。如果是这样，则意味着新硬件出现故障。
收听哔声代码(Listen for Beep Codes)
通常，当主板组件出现故障时，您的计算机会在启动时发出一组哔声。
例如，如果您听到一声哔声，则可能表明一切正常，而长时间且持续的哔声可能表明电源存在严重故障。
聆听长或短的哔声代码，因为这些代码可以帮助您识别计算机主板中的故障组件。您可以查看您的计算机手册、设备制造商的网站或技术支持服务，根据哔声的次数来查找错误。
硬重启你的电脑(Hard Restart Your Computer)
有时您可能正在使用您的计算机，然后它在没有任何警告或错误消息的情况下关闭。在这种情况下，可能会出现某种电气短路，导致主板的安全系统关闭电源并保护内部组件免受任何潜在的损坏。
- 取出电池并拔下电源适配器。
- 按住电源按钮 15-30 秒。
- 连接电源适配器并再等待 30 秒，然后再打开计算机。如果设备重新开机，请再次将其关闭并重新安装电池。
更换 CMOS 电池(Replace the CMOS Battery)
您的计算机有不止一个电池 - 为其所有组件和CMOS电池供电的主要电池。
CMOS电池通常为硬币大小，安装在计算机主板上。电池的工作是为BIOS供电，但它也可能像其他组件一样出现故障。
出现故障的CMOS电池的一些症状包括：
计算机难以启动或根本无法启动。
- 主板不断发出哔哔声。
- 日期和时间被重置。
- 无响应的外围设备。
- 硬件驱动程序消失。
- 您无法连接到互联网(can’t connect to the internet)。
当CMOS电池出现故障时，计算机BIOS固件也会关闭并恢复为默认设置。
要更换CMOS电池，您需要一个良好的工作空间、一块新的CMOS电池、ESD垫、压缩空气和一把螺丝刀。请按照以下步骤卸下和更换CMOS电池。
注意(Note)：如果您无法自己完成此操作，请找可以为您完成此操作的人，最好是经过认证的计算机技术人员。如果您更喜欢自己动手，请确保您戴上防静电腕带或在金属表面上摩擦双手以消除电荷。
- 从您的计算机上拔下所有电缆和外围设备，并断开其与电源的连接。
- 使用螺丝刀卸下计算机的外壳。将螺丝放在安全的地方，以免在此过程中丢失。
- 卸下主计算机电池，以免在您处理计算机时意外打开计算机。
- 接下来，您将看到主板(motherboard)。此时，您需要非常小心，因为这部分的任何损坏都可能严重损坏计算机。您还可以检查主板电缆、显卡(graphics card)、RAM和CPU散热器等其他组件是否安装好。
- 找到CMOS电池——通常放在一个小的固定插座中——看起来像硬币或纽扣一样圆润闪亮。在卸下CMOS电池之前，请注意其在插槽中的方向，以了解如何放入更换电池。
- 获取新的CMOS电池并将其放置在与旧电池相同的固定槽中。
- 重新拧(Rescrew)上计算机外壳，重新安装主电池并安装外壳。
- 将计算机重新插入电源插座并打开电源。如果可行，请重置日期和时间，重新安装丢失的驱动程序(reinstall missing drivers)并正常使用您的计算机。
使用 Live CD 扫描病毒(Use a Live CD to Scan for Viruses)
您计算机中的恶意软件和病毒(Malware and viruses in your computer)也可能会阻止其启动。但是，您可以从 Live CD 或USB驱动器启动计算机并扫描硬盘以查找任何威胁。
用于此目的的流行工具之一是Hiren 的 Boot CD(Hiren’s Boot CD)。您可以将 Live CD 下载并刻录到另一台计算机上的 USB 闪存驱动器(burn the live CD to a USB flash drive)中。然后，使用 live CD 在您的计算机上运行病毒扫描，而无需启动到操作系统。
该程序会通知您是否发现任何病毒或恶意软件并修复或删除它们。完成后，您可以尝试再次打开计算机，看看它是否有效。
运行硬件诊断
如果计算机至少允许您进入BIOS，您应该尝试更改引导顺序并使用可引导 CD 或USB驱动器运行一些诊断程序。
您应该做的第一件事是运行一些硬件测试，以确保没有发生任何故障，例如内存 ( RAM )、硬盘驱动器或主板。阅读我们关于如何测试坏内存(how to test for bad memory)的文章（通过在另一台 PC 上刻录ISO来使用 Memtest 86 程序）。
您也可以下载Hiren 的 BootCD PE ISO(Hiren’s BootCD PE ISO)并使用其长长的工具列表来检查计算机中的所有组件。
让您的电脑重获新生(Bring Your Computer Back to Life)
如果您的计算机没有打开，您不必跳槽。首先尝试这些故障排除修复程序中的任何一个，看看它是否再次有效。
如果您的设备仍然遇到任何问题，并且您已用尽本指南中的所有步骤，请更换主板或将电脑送去维修。
如果所有其他方法都失败了，并且您有购买新计算机的预算，请查看我们的首选，以获得最佳预算 Chromebook(budget Chromebooks)、预算游戏笔记本电脑(budget gaming laptops)、用于孩子学校作业的(laptops for your kids’ school work)笔记本电脑。
Computer Not Turning On? 9 Troubleshooting Tips
Whеther you’νe had your computer for a while wіthout any issues or you јυst bought a brand new one, it can bе awful when the сomputer won’t tυrn оn.
There are many reasons for a computer not turning on and often few clues as to the problem. Some common culprits include issues with power supply, battery, power adapter, damaged internal hardware, or even the screen.
Fortunately, there are several troubleshooting steps you can take to get your computer in working order again.
How to Fix It When Your Computer Is Not Turning On
Before you can move to more advanced troubleshooting steps, here are a few essential checks to perform when your computer doesn’t turn on at all.
Preliminary Checks
- Check if the computer is on. As obvious as this may sound, you may find that you haven’t pressed the power button or switch to turn on your computer.
- Troubleshoot your power supply and ensure it’s working. Usually, a light on the back of your PC or the side of your laptop indicates the computer is plugged in, and the power supply is working. If absolutely nothing happens when you press the power button, it’s most likely a power supply failure.
- If your computer is not turning on and your power supply is okay, ensure the charger is plugged in correctly and to the correct port. Check whether the port provides power because not all USB ports do.
- Confirm that the AC adapter offers the proper voltage and amperage for your computer. If they’re different, your computer won’t receive the right power supply. Also, try to plug it directly into a wall outlet instead of using a power strip or surge protector.
- Remove the main battery in your computer and try using AC power only. If the computer turns on, the battery is the issue and needs to be replaced.
- Check your computer’s power receptacle for any dirt and debris or damage like broken or bent pins. Such things may prevent the computer from getting power or charging the battery.
- Check whether the computer’s cooling vents are clear. When the vents are blocked, whether it’s because of dust or other debris, overheating can occur, and your computer may suddenly go off. Find out how to solve laptop fan problems and keep your laptop cool.
- Check if the computer’s AC adapter or power cable is faulty or damaged. If that’s the case, you may have to replace it otherwise it won’t charge your battery.
Check Your Monitor
You may think that your computer isn’t turning on because the screen is black. If that’s the case, you can start by adjusting the screen brightness level.
If you have a dual monitor setup, disconnect the external monitors and check if the desktop appears on your computer’s screen. You can also plug in a different monitor to check if the issue is with your computer’s display.
Check the Display Adapter
If the power or keyboard keys light up, but your computer display or monitors are blank, the display adapter could be the problem. You may need a computer technician to check the adapter and replace it for you.
Note: If you’re using the Microsoft Wireless Display adapter, make sure it’s connected to a USB charging port on your monitor and that your computer has the latest updates.
Detach Your Docking Station
If you’re using a docking station, detach it from your computer and plug the power adapter directly into your computer. The docking station may have a faulty power supply or power port, which may end up causing issues when you try to start your computer.
If the computer starts after detaching the docking station, it means the docking station is faulty and needs to be replaced.
Remove Your Bootable Media Drive
If you created a bootable drive using a DVD or USB stick and used it to boot your computer, remove the drive from the computer and try powering it on again. Sometimes leaving the drive in your computer could prevent it from booting properly.
While you’re at it, remove all other peripherals connected to your computer like a wired mouse, printer cable, webcam, or scanner. Then, check whether you can turn the computer back on with just the power cord, keyboard, and monitor connected to it.
If you installed any new hardware recently, try removing those and check if the computer turns on again. If it does, it means the new hardware is faulty.
Listen for Beep Codes
Often, your computer will issue a set of beeps at startup when the motherboard components fail.
For instance, if you hear a single beep, it may indicate that all is well while a long and continuous beep may point to a critical fault with the power supply.
Listen for long or short beep codes, as these can help you identify the failed component in your computer’s motherboard. You can check your computer’s manual, device manufacturer’s website, or tech support service to find the error based on the number of beeps.
Hard Restart Your Computer
Sometimes you may be using your computer, and then it powers off without any warning or error message. There could be some sort of electric short in such cases that caused the motherboard’s safety system to shut the power off and protect the internal components from any potential damage.
- Remove the battery and unplug the power adapter.
- Hold down the power button for 15-30 seconds.
- Connect the power adapter and wait another 30 seconds before turning on the computer. If the device powers back on, turn it off again and reinstall the battery.
Replace the CMOS Battery
Your computer has more than one battery – the main one that powers all its components and CMOS battery.
The CMOS battery is usually coin-sized and lives on your computer’s motherboard. The battery’s work is to power the BIOS, but it can also fail like other components.
Some of the symptoms of a failing CMOS battery include:
The computer struggles to boot up or doesn’t boot up at all.
- Constant beeps from the motherboard.
- Date and time are reset.
- Unresponsive peripherals.
- Hardware drivers disappear.
- You can’t connect to the internet.
When the CMOS battery fails, the computer BIOS firmware also shuts down and reverts to default settings.
To replace the CMOS battery, you’ll need a good workspace, a new CMOS battery, ESD mat, compressed air, and a screwdriver. Follow the steps below to remove and replace the CMOS battery.
Note: If you’re not able to do this on your own, find someone who can do it for you, preferably a certified computer technician. If you prefer to do it yourself, make sure you have an anti-static wrist band on or rub your hands on a metal surface to eliminate the charge.
- Unplug all the cables and peripherals from your computer and disconnect it from the power source.
- Use a screwdriver to remove the computer’s casing. Keep the screws someplace safe, so they don’t get lost in the process.
- Remove the main computer battery so that the computer doesn’t accidentally turn on while you’re working on it.
- Next, you’ll see the motherboard. At this point, you’ll need to be very cautious because any damage to this part may seriously damage the computer. You can also check that other components like motherboard cables, graphics card, RAM, and CPU heatsink are seated well.
- Find the CMOS battery – usually found in a small holding socket – looks round and shiny like a coin or button. Before removing the CMOS battery, note its orientation in the socket to know how to put in the replacement.
- Get the new CMOS battery and place it in the same holding socket in the exact orientation as the old battery.
- Rescrew the computer casing, reinstall the main battery and attach the exterior casing.
- Plug your computer back into the power outlet and power it on. If it works, reset the date and time, reinstall missing drivers and use your computer normally.
Use a Live CD to Scan for Viruses
Malware and viruses in your computer could also prevent it from turning on. However, you can boot your computer from a live CD or USB drive and scan the hard disk for any threats.
One of the popular tools for this is Hiren’s Boot CD. You can download and burn the live CD to a USB flash drive on a different computer. Then, use the live CD to run a virus scan on your computer without booting into the operating system.
The program will let you know if it finds any viruses or malware and fix or remove them. Once done, you can try turning your computer on again and see if it works.
Run Hardware Diagnotics
If the computer at least lets you get into the BIOS, you should try to change the boot order and run some diagnostics using a bootable CD or USB drive.
The first thing you should do is to run some hardware tests to make sure nothing has failed like memory (RAM), the hard drive, or the motherboard. Read our article on how to test for bad memory (use the Memtest 86 program by burning the ISO on another PC).
You can download Hiren’s BootCD PE ISO also and use its long list of tools to check all the components in your computer.
Bring Your Computer Back to Life
If your computer isn’t turning on, you don’t have to jump ship. Try any of these troubleshooting fixes for a start and see if it works again.
Should you still experience any issues with your device, and you’ve exhausted all the steps in this guide, replace the motherboard or send the computer in for repairs altogether.
If all else fails, and you have some budget for a new computer, check out our top picks for the best budget Chromebooks, budget gaming laptops, laptops for your kids’ school work.
