你有(Did)没有在启动计算机时看到屏幕上弹出BIOS这个词？(BIOS)或者听到人们谈论更改BIOS中的内容？但是你再也不会看到或听到它了。
所以BIOS是一个东西，但我们从未真正看到它，因为它位于主板上，主板是计算机内部的主电路板。什么是BIOS，我们为什么需要它？
什么是 BIOS？(What Is BIOS?)
BIOS(B)是基本输入/输出(O)系统的初始化，这(I)就是我们称之为BIOS(S)的(BIOS)原因。它是永久存储在计算机芯片上的程序。永久存储在芯片上的程序称为固件。
BIOS是计算机开机时运行的第一个程序。它甚至在Windows或 iOS等(o)操作系统(OS)之前运行。(s)当我们说计算机时，包括服务器、PC、Mac(Macs)、智能手机和平板电脑。它可以是任何类似的设备。
BIOS 有什么作用？(What Does BIOS Do?)
BIOS的总体目标是使计算机中的所有内容都准备好工作，以便可以启动操作系统。首先(First)，它会检查计算机中的所有硬件，以确保它们都存在、可以正常工作，并且可以访问它们需要运行的驱动程序。这称为(S)电源自检(P)( POST (O))(T)。 _
BIOS从扩展系统配置数据(S)(ESCD)中(E)获取(C)有关(D)如何执行此操作的信息。ESCD存储在N(A)易(N)失性(V)随机(NVRAM)存取(R)存储器((M) NVRAM )上。根据计算机的品牌和型号，设置方式可能会有所不同。
然后BIOS告诉计算机在哪里寻找操作系统。如果操作系统在那里并且工作，那么计算机完成启动，我们可以享受现代计算的魔力。
如果我们在厨房工作，BIOS将是打开炉子的预备厨师，阅读当天的菜单，准备好食材并布置到位。操作系统是跳进来的厨师，抓住配料，走到炉子前，施展魔法。
BIOS 存储在哪里？(Where Is BIOS Stored?)
BIOS固件驻留在称为互补(M)金属(S)氧化物(C)半导体( CMOS )的(O)芯片上。(CMOS)CMOS是一种非易失性只读存储器，因此BIOS固件(BIOS)永久保留在那里。但是，它使用的设置可以被清除。
这就是为什么计算机主板上有一块手表式电池的原因。电池使电路保持 24/7 全天候工作，因此设置保持不变。
记住这一点！这些电池只能使用 3-5 年。大约5美元的电池。如果我们花一点时间来学习如何访问BIOS并对其进行配置，那么我们至少可以节省 80 美元把它带到电脑商店。
如何访问 BIOS？(How Do I Access BIOS?)
简单的答案是，当我们启动计算机时，我们需要在主操作系统启动之前按下一个键或组合键。在启动计算机和操作系统接管之间最多可能有 10 秒的窗口。这种方式有点棘手。
答案的复杂部分是所需的键或键组合。它可能因品牌和设备型号而异。每个品牌之间都有一些非常一致的键。他们来了：
- 宏碁电脑 – F10
- 华硕电脑 – F2
- 戴尔电脑 – F12 或 F2
- 惠普电脑 – F10
- 联想电脑 – F1(Lenovo Computers – F1)或Fn + F2或Enter然后 F1
- Mac –(Mac – Press)按住CMD + OPT + F + O
- Microsoft Surface – 按住(Microsoft Surface – Hold)音量增大按钮
- 三星电脑 – F2
- 东芝电脑 – F2
我们不会讨论如何在移动设备上访问BIOS 。种类太多了，无法在此处列出。最好在网络上针对每个特定设备进行搜索。
如何了解有关 BIOS 的更多信息？(How Can I Learn More About BIOS?)
我们已经涵盖了。在我们的网站上，您可以找到有关如何查找计算机的 BIOS 版本(how to find the version of BIOS your computer has)、确定您的 BIOS 是否需要更新(figure out if your BIOS needs updating)以及如何访问 BIOS 和更改引导顺序的(how to access the BIOS and change the boot order)文章。
我们甚至向您展示了如何恢复访问 BIOS 的密码(how to recover the password to access the BIOS)（如果有的话）。BIOS是一个小而强大的东西！
HDG Explains: What is the BIOS?
Did you ever sеe the wоrd BIOS pор up on your screen when starting your computer? Or heard people talk abоut changing things in the BIOS? But then you never see or hear about it again.
So BIOS is a thing, but we never really see it because it’s located on the motherboard, which is the main circuit board inside your computer. What is BIOS and why do we need it?
What Is BIOS?
BIOS is an initialization of Basic Input/Output System and that’s why we just call it the BIOS. It is a program that is permanently stored on a chip in a computer. Programs that are permanently stored on a chip are referred to as firmware.
BIOS is the first program run when a computer is turned on. It runs even before the operating system (OS) like Windows or iOS. When we say computer, that includes servers, PCs, Macs, smartphones, and tablets. It could be just about any device like that.
What Does BIOS Do?
The overall goal of the BIOS is to get everything in the computer ready to work so that the OS can be started. First, it checks all the hardware in the computer to make sure it is there, that it works, and that it has access to the driver programs they need to run. This is called the Power-On Self Test (POST).
BIOS gets the information on how to do this from Extended System Configuration Data (ESCD). The ESCD is stored on Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM). There may be some differences in how this is set up depending on the make and model of the computer.
The BIOS then tells the computer where to look for the OS. If the OS is there and working, then the computer finishes starting and we can enjoy the magic of modern computing.
If we worked in a kitchen, BIOS would be the prep cook that turns on the stove, reads the menu for the day, gets the ingredients ready and laid out mise en place. The OS is the chef that jumps in, grabs the ingredients, goes to the stove, and does their magic.
Where Is BIOS Stored?
The BIOS firmware resides on a chip called a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). The CMOS is a non-volatile type of read-only memory, so the BIOS firmware stays on there permanently. The settings that it uses however, can be wiped out.
That’s why there’s a watch-style battery on the motherboard of the computer. The battery keeps the circuit working 24/7 so the settings stay there.
Remember this! Those batteries are only good for 3-5 years. It’s about a $5 battery. If we take a little time to learn how to access the BIOS and configure it, then we can save ourselves at least $80 taking it to a computer shop.
How Do I Access BIOS?
The simple answer is that when we start the computer we need to press a key, or combination of keys, before the main OS boots. At most, there might be a 10-second window between starting the computer and the OS taking over. It’s a bit tricky that way.
The complex part of the answer is the key, or key combination needed. It can vary between brands and models of devices. There are some keys that are pretty consistent among each brand. Here they are:
- Acer Computers – F10
- Asus Computers – F2
- Dell Computers – F12 or F2
- HP Computers – F10
- Lenovo Computers – F1 or Fn + F2 or Enter then F1
- Mac – Press and hold CMD + OPT + F + O
- Microsoft Surface – Hold the volume up button in
- Samsung Computers – F2
- Toshiba Computers – F2
We won’t go into how to access BIOS on mobile devices. The variety is far too great to list here. It would be better to search it out on the web for each specific device.
How Can I Learn More About BIOS?
We have it covered. Across our sites you’ll find articles about how to find the version of BIOS your computer has, figure out if your BIOS needs updating, and how to access the BIOS and change the boot order.
We even show you how to recover the password to access the BIOS, if it had one. The BIOS is a small but powerful thing!
