内容管理系统，例如WordPress，是互联网上数百万个网站背后的架构。CMS允许用户（即使是那些缺乏广泛编程知识(programming knowledge)的用户）以一种有条理、有效且简单的方式管理和协调流向其网站的内容流。(content flow)
(WordPress)根据W3Techs的数据， (W3Techs)WordPress占据了互联网网站 35%的市场份额(market share)。这占所有网站的三分之一以上——很疯狂，对吧？话虽如此，对于面向内容的网站，为什么还要考虑另一种选择？
这就是Drupal的用武之地。但是Drupal是什么？作为网络领先的内容管理框架，它提供了您在(management framework)WordPress等CMS中找不到的模块化水平。CMS是一个主要用于管理内容的 Web 应用程序，但诸如Drupal之类的框架为能够以非常健壮的方式定制的内容繁重的网站奠定了基础。
Drupal 与 WordPress(Drupal vs. WordPress)
普通用户了解Drupal的最佳方式是将其与非常流行的开源内容系统(open-source content system)WordPress进行比较。WordPress的核心功能(s core functionality)是为用户提供一个允许他们管理其网站的静态和动态页面的系统。WordPress支持插件架构和模板系统(plugin architecture and template system)，这两者都得到了社区的大量贡献。
当您导航到WordPress 网站(WordPress website)时，通常很容易看到它由WordPress提供支持。WordPress 网站(WordPress website)通常具有相同的结构、相同的URL 和文件(URL and file)命名约定以及其他关键赠品。但是，您可能已经访问过数十个由Drupal提供支持的网站，但您并不知道。这是由于Drupal的可定制性和灵活性。
Drupal更像是一种用于创建动态网站的企业解决方案。(enterprise solution)它设置了一个强大的代码库，开发人员可以对其进行自定义和构建，以做更多的事情，而不仅仅是创建博客或新闻网站。
虽然WordPress是模块化的，因为您可以随时安装第三方插件和集成，但Drupal的核心是模块化的——它旨在进行广泛定制，以便您可以将Drupal塑造成电子商务网站、内部网、论坛、社交网站(networking site)等等。
Drupal 是如何构建的(How Drupal Was Built)
Drupal整合了许多流行的 Web 技术，但它的大部分代码是PHP的，而MySQL为数据库端(database side)提供支持。Drupal是完全开源的(open-source)，因此您可以随时查看它背后的所有代码。
Drupal包含HTML5、YAML、Twig、 jQuery 、Backbone.js等元素。您熟悉的这些技术越多，您就越能将Drupal构建为定制的解决方案。
然而，Drupal只需要您了解HTML的基础知识就可以开始构建动态页面和创建功能性网站。
Drupal 钩子解释(Drupal Hooks Explained)
与WordPress一样，Drupal支持模块化，以便为它添加比您开箱即用的更多内容。要完全理解和欣赏它的工作原理，您需要了解Drupal的 hooks 系统。
在Drupal中，将模块视为PHP文件的集合，这些文件启用了(PHP)Drupal核心中不可用的扩展功能。钩子(Hooks)是这些模块与其他模块或核心交互的一种方式。Drupal的核心(s core)附带一长串受支持的钩子，您可以在此处(here)阅读更多信息。
无需深入了解钩子背后令人困惑的技术术语，您可以将它们视为改变 Drupal 核心行为的简单事件侦听器。有效地调用钩子允许您从另一个模块或 Drupal 的核心“借用”功能，并将其添加到您自己的模块中。
因此，虽然WordPress 插件(WordPress plugins)提供了即时即插即用的满足感(plug-and-play gratification)来启用新的完整功能，但 Drupal 的钩子更具开发性，并且设计用于跨一个或多个其他模块使用。
如何获得 Drupal(How to Get Drupal)
Drupal 的最新版本Drupal 8可以在Drupal 官网(official Drupal website)下载。在同一页面上，您可以获得所有模块、主题、分发和翻译的列表。其他推荐的版本可以在这里(here)找到。
虽然官方网站的Evaluator Guide将向您展示如何部署Drupal 8的临时本地演示，但有几种基于 Web 的解决方案可以实现此目的。OpenSourceCMS.com是我们的最爱，它允许您使用公开的、自我重置的Drupal 演示(Drupal demo)，甚至请求您自己的实例，其生命周期为 24 小时。
虽然Drupal可以完全免费下载，但它并不是完全“免费”的，因为它需要大量的开发。WordPress比Drupal更受社区驱动，一天之内您就可以使用自定义主题和插件套件建立一个(custom theme and suite)WordPress 站点(WordPress site)。
Drupal作为一个框架，需要做更多的工作。如果您自己不是Web 开发人员(web developer)，则希望聘请具有该平台编码(experience coding)和设计经验的人。
那么，总而言之，什么是Drupal？它是最强大和最强大的内容管理(content management)框架之一，允许开发人员创建完全可定制的网站，这些网站可以强大地交付内容，但不必完全围绕内容——这是与WordPress的一个重要区别。
您(Did)是否了解了有关Drupal的任何新知识或有本文未解决(t address)的问题？在下面(Drop)给我们留言，让我们知道！
OTT Explains: What Is Drupal?
Content management syѕtems, such aѕ WordPresѕ, are the arсhitecture behind milliоns of websites оn the internet. A CMS allows users, even those who lack extensive programming knowledge, to manage and coordinate сontent flow to their website in a way thаt’s organized, effectіve, and easy.
WordPress has a market share of 35% of the websites on the internet, according to W3Techs. That’s over a third of all websites—crazy, right? That being said, for content-oriented websites, why even consider another option?
This is where Drupal comes in. But what is Drupal? As the web’s leading content management framework, it provides a level of modularity that you won’t find in a CMS such as WordPress. A CMS is a web application used primarily for managing content, but a framework such as Drupal lays the foundation for a content-heavy website that is able to be customized in very robust ways.
Drupal vs. WordPress
The best way for the average user to appreciate what Drupal is, is to compare it to a much popular open-source content system, WordPress. WordPress’s core functionality is to provide users with a system that allows them to manage both static and dynamic pages of their website. WordPress supports a plugin architecture and template system, both of which have received massive contributions from its community.
When you navigate to a WordPress website, it’s often easy to see that it’s powered by WordPress. WordPress websites generally have the same structure, same URL and file naming convention, and other key giveaways. However, you’ve probably been to dozens of websites powered by Drupal without ever knowing it. This is due to how customizable and flexible Drupal is.
Drupal is more of an enterprise solution for creating dynamic websites. It sets a robust codebase that developers can customize and build upon to do much more than create blogs or news sites.
While WordPress is modular in the sense that you can always install third-party plugins and integrations, Drupal is modular at its very core—it’s meant to be customized, extensively so that you can shape Drupal into an e-commerce site, intranet, forum, social networking site, and much more.
How Drupal Was Built
Drupal incorporates a lot of popular web technologies, but the majority of its code is in PHP, with MySQL powering the database side. Drupal is completely open-source, so you can feel free to check out all of the code behind it whenever you want.
Drupal incorporates elements of HTML5, YAML, Twig, jQuery, Backbone.js, and more. The more of these technologies you’re familiar with, the better you’ll be at building Drupal into a customized solution.
However, Drupal only requires you to know the basics of HTML to begin building dynamic pages and creating a functional website.
Drupal Hooks Explained
Like WordPress, Drupal supports modularization for adding more to it than what you get out of the box. To fully understand and appreciate how this works, you’ll need to understand Drupal’s hooks system.
In Drupal, think of a module as a collection of PHP files that enable extended functionality not available in Drupal’s core. Hooks are a way for these modules to interact with other modules or the core. Drupal’s core ships with a long list of supported hooks that you can read more about here.
Without getting into the confusing technical jargon behind hooks, you can think of them as simple event listeners that alter Drupal’s core behavior. Invoking a hook effectively allows you to “borrow” the functionality from another module, or Drupal’s core, and add it to your own module.
So, while WordPress plugins offer the instant plug-and-play gratification of enabling a new and complete feature, Drupal’s hooks are more developmental and designed for use across one or many other modules.
How to Get Drupal
Drupal’s latest version, Drupal 8, can be downloaded at the official Drupal website. On this same page, you’re able to get a list of all modules, themes, distributions, and translations. Other recommended versions can be found here.
While the official site’s Evaluator Guide will show you how to deploy a temporary local demo of Drupal 8, there are several web-based solutions for achieving this. OpenSourceCMS.com is our favorite, and it will allow you to use a public, self-resetting Drupal demo or even request your own instance with a lifetime of 24 hours.
While Drupal is completely free to download, it’s not entirely “free” in the sense that it’s going to require quite a lot of development. WordPress is much more community-driven than Drupal, and within a day you can probably set up a WordPress site using a custom theme and suite of plugins.
Drupal, as a framework, requires much more work under the hood. If you yourself aren’t a web developer, expect to hire someone with experience coding and designing on the platform.
So, in summary, what is Drupal? It’s one of the most powerful and robust content management frameworks, allowing developers to create fully customizable websites that can powerfully deliver content but don’t have to revolve entirely around content—an important difference from WordPress.
Did you learn anything new about Drupal or have a question that this article didn’t address? Drop us a comment below and let us know!
