维基百科(Wikipedia)拥有超过 580 万篇文章，并且还在不断增长。很有可能您自己过去(past either)曾使用Wikipedia进行研究或休闲(research or leisure)。这是一个开源的、协作的在线百科全书(online encyclopedia)，有多个贡献者和更多的读者。
在贡献方面，维基百科(Wikipedia)鼓励用户为维基百科(Wikipedia)做出贡献。它希望您编辑错误、创建新页面并成为快速发展的社区的一部分。他们正在寻找愿意引用来源、提供公正的内容并让所有相关条目保持最新的用户。
也许您有一个主题，在网站上运行搜索时找不到某个主题的条目，或者在您想要纠正的最喜欢的摇滚乐队的页面上发现了一些错误。(rock band)在这种情况下，成为维基百科的贡献者(Wikipedia contributor)可能是有可能的。
如何创建和贡献维基百科页面(How To Create & Contribute To a Wikipedia Page)
尽管自 2011 年成立以来，维基百科(Wikipedia)一直在不断发展。起初，维基百科(Wikipedia)是完全开源的，允许页面创建和编辑在完成后的几秒钟内发布。这会导致许多不准确之处，例如错误、意识形态偏见以及荒谬或不相关的文本。
自受欢迎程度上升以来，维基百科(Wikipedia)的某些语言版本被认为适合对文章的创建和编辑(article creation and edits)施加限制。有些页面甚至被认为是半保护或扩展确认保护，这意味着只有某些编辑能够修改它们。
在为Wikipedia(Wikipedia)做出贡献并深入研究您自己的修改之前，熟悉Wikipedia 的一些核心政策(Wikipedia’s core policies)将是有益的。主要核心政策：中立观点、可验证性、无原创研究将在创建帐户后成为前沿和中心。
创建一个维基百科帐户(Creating a Wikipedia Account)
(Account creation)从来不需要创建帐户来使用该站点，但是，注册将授予用户更多权限。其中一项特权是能够创建和编辑网站页面。
- 要创建Wikipedia 帐户(Wikipedia account)，请导航至官方网站(official website)并选择您的首选语言。
- 在主页上，单击位于右上角的创建帐户。(Create account)
- (Enter)在相应的文本字段中输入所有必需的信息，然后单击创建您的帐户(Create your account)。
- 这是您将被带到核心政策页面(Core Policies page)的时间。您应该注意到页面顶部的功能区已更改。
在继续之前，请确保您确认您的电子邮件地址(email address)。创建帐户(account creation)后，您应该会立即收到一封确认电子邮件(confirmation email)。它将在您与新帐户关联的电子邮件地址的收件箱中找到。(email address)
通过创建维基百科页面为维基百科做出贡献(Contribute to Wikipedia by Creating a Wikipedia Page)
- 要开始创建页面(page creation)，您首先需要确保尚未涵盖您的主题。在搜索栏中(search bar)输入(Enter)主题并查看是否填充了结果。
- 如果一个主题已经被涵盖，你能做的最好的就是贡献你的知识。对于尚未涵盖的主题，结果将如下所示：
- 发生这种情况时，您可以单击结果或按(result or press) Enter。这将带您进入搜索结果页面。由于该页面在Wikipedia(Wikipedia)上尚不存在，您应该会看到如下段落：
- 单击要求创建它的(ask for it to be created ) 链接以继续。您现在应该在“创建(Creation page)文章(Articles)”页面上，该页面将查看您的一些选项。阅读帮助：您的第一篇文章(Help:Your first article)将指导您如何最好地避免犯新手错误。
- 还有一个部分，提交审核，在单击(Submitting for review)单击此处开始新文章(Click here to start a new article)之前，您还应该阅读该部分。
维基百科文章向导(Wikipedia Article Wizard)
维基百科文章向导(Wikipedia Article Wizard)现在将成为您的向导。它会建议您在创建实时草稿文章(draft article)之前在您的沙箱中练习编辑。选择权在您手中，但任何刚开始的人都可能会发现拥有一个可以自由犯错的区域以感受编辑过程(editing process)是一件好事。
您的沙盒本质上是您自己的用户页面(user page)，您可以在其中添加可以公开或不公开可见的关于您自己的内容。对于新编辑来说，这是一个很好的资源，可以让他们了解他们对未来的期望。
- 通过单击每页底部的下一步按钮继续完成向导。(Wizard)请(Make)务必完整阅读每一页，因为这些信息对您的贡献非常宝贵。
- 最终，您将来到一个页面，询问您与您打算为其创建页面的主题的联系。
- 通过选择我未连接到主题(I’m not connected to the subject)，您可以开始编写页面草稿。其他任何一个按钮都需要您在用户页面上编辑并发布关于您与主题的关系的确认。
- (I’m writing about something close to me)维基百科(Wikipedia)不鼓励我写与我亲近的事情，因为他们声称保持中立更难。您需要披露您与该主题的关系。
- 我有偿编辑(I’m paid to edit)需要您的雇主或客户(employer or client)的姓名，以便与Wikipedia 社区(Wikipedia community)保持民事关系。
- 无论如何，对于本文，我们将与我们页面的主题没有任何联系。您现在需要做的就是想出您的草稿页面的名称，然后点击(draft page and click) 创建新文章草稿(Create new article draft)。
编辑您的维基百科页面(Editing Your Wikipedia Page)
立即，系统会要求您开始编辑(Start editing)或者是否要切换到可视化编辑器(Switch to the visual editor)。
如果您还没有熟悉WikiText，切换到可视化编辑器会简单得多。
请记住，从长远来看，学习使用标记语言的(Markup language)WikiText将使您受益。对于本文，我们将使用可视化编辑器。
新页面应如下所示：
请务必阅读说明并参阅Wikipedia Cheatsheet以获得正确格式化页面的帮助。备忘单提供了有关如何格式化文本、创建链接、引用、参考和脚注的标记信息，以及视觉或源代码编辑器(source editor)的许多其他添加和更改。
使用可视化编辑器不需要使用备忘单，但它会在您需要时出现。如果您希望在编辑器之间切换，可以单击菜单栏上的切换编辑器图标。(Switch editor)
当您开始书写时，说明窗口将消失。如果需要，您可以单击“编辑通知(Edit notices)”图标将其拉出。
除此之外，这个过程相当简单。在空白字段中输入您的文本，请确保不要删除已经存在的所需行。这样做会阻止页面的发布，因为它不会通过起草过程(drafting process)。
使用可视化编辑器，您可以更改字体、添加链接、引用、创建项目符号列表、插入图像、表格等。无论您的页面需要什么，维基百科(Wikipedia)都能满足您的需求。
所有内联引用将自动出现在参考( References)部分，因此无需加倍。在您的页面上作为事实呈现的任何内容都需要引用。
遵守规则，创建一个引人入胜且信息丰富的页面，准备好后单击“发布页面”(Publish page)按钮。您的草稿将保存在公共区域，您可以随时在其中继续处理。
审核您的草稿并获得批准或拒绝可能需要数周时间。在此期间，您可以继续添加并在必要时进行编辑。只要确保它不会持续六个月没有一次编辑，否则草稿将被删除。
贡献到维基百科页面(Contributing To a Wikipedia Page)
如果您想为已经建立的Wikipedia 页面(Wikipedia page)做出贡献，您需要寻找尚未归类为受保护或半受保护的页面。通常，任何半保护的文章只允许对页面进行最少的编辑。
您可以通过页面上的锁定图标(lock icon)来解读哪些文章具有此保护。
您应该注意的是包含Stubs的页面。为尚未完成或未完整编写的文章提供Stub 标签。(Stub tag)在搜索Wikipedia 站点(Wikipedia site)时，您会遇到带有Stub 标签(Stub tag)的不完整页面。
如果您有东西要添加到带有Stub 标签(Stub tag)的主题，您可以单击展开它(expanding it)的链接以获得立即编辑权限。
将修改添加到文章后，您可以单击“发布更改(Publish changes)”按钮。您将看到一个弹出窗口，要求您总结所做的编辑并进行审查。
无论主题如何，只要简单地成为贡献者(contributor regardless)，您就可以在Wikipedia 站点上找到(Wikipedia site)带有 Stub 标签的文章列表(list of articles with Stub tags)以及需要扩展(in need of expansion)的文章。您还应该添加与您可能拍摄或发现的主题相关的任何更新图像。百科全书需要图片，所以不要害怕添加一些。但是，您需要提供有关图像文件(image file)的来源和许可证的详细信息。
为维基百科(Wikipedia)做出贡献的另一种方式是删除垃圾邮件并恢复破坏行为。维基百科(Wikipedia)每天都有数以百万计的读者和贡献者浏览其资源。这往往会导致一些文章被有偏见或恶意的实体破坏。您可能会发现一个页面包含损坏或不适当的链接、无意义的文本或已被完全擦除的文章。
维基百科(Wikipedia)提供了允许贡献者恢复破坏行为并将页面恢复到以前状态的工具。任何被发现持续违反Wikipedia规则或持续破坏页面的人都应报告给管理员(Administrator Intervention)防止破坏行为(Vandalism)( AIV ) 委员会。
打击维基百科破坏行为(Fighting Wikipedia Vandalism)
更正不正确的信息和修复被破坏的页面也被认为是贡献。
- 为了帮助完成这项工作，您应该启用在您的用户偏好中找到的小工具Twinkle 。
- 您必须自动确认才能在“偏好设置”中看到Twinkle 小工具(Twinkle gadget)。要自动确认您的帐户必须超过四天，并且至少有十次编辑归因于它。
- 启用Twinkle后(Twinkle)，您可以通过左侧菜单上的(side menu)最近更改(Recent changes)链接查看所有最近的编辑。它可以在“交互”部分下找到。
- 从这里您可以查看最近发生的所有编辑，并确定其中是否有任何被视为故意破坏。
- 当在页面上发现破坏行为时，还原编辑并在页面上留下用户警告模板(user warning template)。如果已发出第四次警告，您可以向AIV 报告该用户(report the user to the AIV)。
您可以通过纠正这些错误来帮助Wikipedia，并使其成为每个使用该网站作为其信息首选来源的人的更好地方。
How To Create & Contribute To A Wikipedia Page
Wikipedia is home to over 5.8 million articleѕ and growing. Chances arе good that yoυ yourself havе usеd Wikipedia in the past either for research or leisure. It’s an open-ѕource, collаborative onlinе encyclopedia with multiple cоntributors and even more readers.
When it comes to contributions, Wikipedia encourages users to contribute to Wikipedia. It wants you to edit mistakes, create new pages, and be a part of the rapidly growing community. They’re looking for users who are willing to cite sources, deliver unbiased content, and keep all relative entries up to date.
Perhaps you have a topic in mind that you cannot locate an entry on a subject when running a search on the website, or have found a few mistakes on the page of your favorite rock band you want corrected. In this case, becoming a Wikipedia contributor may be in the cards.
How To Create & Contribute To a Wikipedia Page
Though it has been established since 2011, Wikipedia is forever evolving. At its beginning, Wikipedia was completely open-source, allowing page creations and edits to be posted within seconds of completion. This lead to many inaccuracies such as errors, ideological biases, and nonsensical or irrelevant text.
Since the rise in popularity, some language editions of Wikipedia have seen fit to put restrictions on article creation and edits. Some pages have even been deemed semi-protected or extended confirmed protected which means only certain editors are able to modify them.
Prior to contributing to Wikipedia and diving too deep into your own modifications, it would be beneficial to become familiar with some of Wikipedia’s core policies. The primary core policies: neutral point of view, verifiability, and no original research will be front and center after creating an account.
Creating a Wikipedia Account
Account creation to use the site has never been required, however, registering will grant a user more privileges. One of those privileges being the ability to create and edit site pages.
- To create a Wikipedia account, navigate to the official website and select your preferred language.
- From the Home page, click Create account which is located in the top-right corner.
- Enter all required information into the respective text fields and click Create your account.
- This is when you’ll be taken to the Core Policies page. You should notice that the ribbon at the top of the page has changed.
Before proceeding, make sure that you confirm your email address. You should receive a confirmation email almost immediately after account creation. It will be found in the inbox of the email address you associated with your new account.
Contribute to Wikipedia by Creating a Wikipedia Page
- To begin with page creation you will first need to ensure that your subject has not already been covered. Enter the topic into the search bar and see if a result populates.
- If a topic is already covered, the best you can do is contribute your knowledge to it. For topics that are not yet covered, the results will appear as such:
- When this happens you can click the result or press Enter. This will bring you to the search results page. Because the page does not yet exist on Wikipedia, you should see a paragraph like the following:
- Click on the ask for it to be created link to proceed. You should now be on the Articles for Creation page which will go over some of your options. Reading up on Help:Your first article will guide you on how best to avoid making newbie mistakes.
- There is also a section, Submitting for review, that you should also read before clicking Click here to start a new article.
Wikipedia Article Wizard
The Wikipedia Article Wizard will now be your guide. It will advise you to practice editing within your sandbox prior to creating a live draft article. The choice is yours but anyone just starting out may find it a boon to have an area where they can make mistakes freely in order to get a feel for the editing process.
Your sandbox is essentially your own user page where you can add things about yourself that can be visible publicly or not. It’s a great source for new editors to get a taste of what they can expect moving forward.
- Continue on through the Wizard by clicking the Next button at the bottom of each page. Make sure to read each page in full as the information is invaluable to your contribution efforts.
- Eventually, you will come to a page that asks about your connection to the subject you intend to create a page for.
- By choosing I’m not connected to the subject you can begin writing your page’s draft. Either of the other buttons will require that you edit and publish acknowledgement on your user page about your relationship with the topic.
- I’m writing about something close to me is discouraged by Wikipedia as they claim it is harder to remain neutral. You will need to disclose your relationship to the subject.
- I’m paid to edit requires the name of your employer or client in order to keep a civil relationship with the Wikipedia community.
- Regardless, for this article, we’ll have no connection to the subject of our page. All you’ll need to do now is come up with the name of your draft page and click Create new article draft.
Editing Your Wikipedia Page
Immediately, you’re asked to either Start editing or if you’d like to Switch to the visual editor.
If you have yet to familiarize yourself with WikiText, it will be far simpler to switch over to the visual editor.
Keep in mind that moving forward, learning WikiText, which uses the Markup language, will benefit you in the long run. For the article, we’ll use the visual editor.
A new page should look something like this:
Be sure to read the instructions and refer to the Wikipedia Cheatsheet for help with properly formatting your page. The cheatsheet provides markup information on how to format text, create links, citations, references, and footnotes, as well as many other additions and alterations for either visual or source editor.
Using the visual editor won’t require the use of the cheatsheet but it is there when you want it. If you ever wish to switch between editors you can click the Switch editor icon found on the menu bar.
When you begin writing, the instructions window will disappear. If you need to, you can click the Edit notices icon to pull it back out.
Aside from that, the process is rather straightforward. Enter your text into the blank field, just be sure not to remove the required line already in place. Doing so will prevent publication of the page as it will not go through the drafting process.
With the visual editor you can change the font, add links, make citations, create bullet lists, insert images, tables, and more. Whatever your page needs, Wikipedia has you covered.
All inline citations will automatically appear in the References section so no need to double up. Citations will be required for anything presented as fact on your page.
Adhere to the rules, create a compelling and informative page, and once you’re ready click the Publish page button. Your draft will be saved in a public area where you can continue to work on it whenever you’d like.
It could take several weeks before your draft is reviewed and either approved or denied. In that time you can continue to add to it and make edits where necessary. Just be sure that it doesn’t go six months without a single edit or the draft will be deleted.
Contributing To a Wikipedia Page
If you want to contribute to an already established Wikipedia page, you’ll need to look for one that hasn’t been classified as protected or semi-protected. Generally, any article that is semi-protected will only allow minimal editing to the page.
You can decipher which articles have this protection by the lock icon on the page.
What you should be looking out for are pages that contain Stubs. A Stub tag is given to an article that is not yet complete, or written in full detail. While scouring the Wikipedia site you will come across incomplete pages with a Stub tag on them.
If you have something to add to a topic with a Stub tag you can click the expanding it link to be granted immediate editing privileges.
Once you’ve added your modifications to the article you can click the Publish changes button. You will be greeted with a pop-up window asking you to summarize the edits made and to have them reviewed.
To simply be a contributor regardless of the topic, you can find a list of articles with Stub tags and those in need of expansion right on the Wikipedia site. You should also add any updated images pertaining to the subject you may have taken or found. An encyclopedia requires images so don’t be afraid to add a few. You will however, be required to provide detailed information on the source and the license of the image file.
Another way to contribute to Wikipedia would be to remove spam and revert vandalism. Wikipedia has millions of readers and contributors perusing its resources daily. This tends to lead to some articles being vandalized by biased or malicious entities. You may find a page with broken or inappropriate links, nonsensical text, or articles that have been completely wiped.
Wikipedia provides tools to allow a contributor to revert vandalism and restore a page to a previous state. Any person found consistently violating Wikipedia’s rules or persistently vandalizing a page should be reported to the Administrator Intervention against Vandalism (AIV) board.
Fighting Wikipedia Vandalism
Correcting incorrect information and fixing vandalized pages is also considered contribution.
- To help in this effort you should enable the gadget Twinkle, found in your user preferences.
- You must be auto-confirmed to see the Twinkle gadget in Preferences. To become auto-confirmed your account must be older than four days and have a minimum of ten edits attributed to it.
- Once Twinkle is enabled you can patrol all recent edits through the Recent changes link on the left side menu. It can be found under the “Interaction” section.
- From here you can review all edits that have taken place recently and determine whether any of them are considered vandalism.
- When vandalism has been discovered on a page, revert the edits and leave a user warning template on the page. If a fourth warning has been issued, you are able to report the user to the AIV.
You can help Wikipedia by correcting these wrongs and make it a better place for everyone who uses the site as their go-to source for information.
