借助Windows 10，Microsoft改进了我们 PC 的启动时间。但是，性能会随着时间的推移而下降，从而降低您的设备速度。随着您安装越来越多的桌面应用程序(desktop apps)，它们会将自己或他们的代理潜入启动列表，从而延长启动应用程序和服务的列表。因此，Windows 10被迫加载更多应用程序和后台进程(apps and background processes)，然后才能接受您的输入。任务管理器(Task Manager)的启动(Startup)选项卡可帮助您处理事情，允许您监视和管理启动应用程序。以下是它的工作原理以及如何使用它来改善Windows 10 计算机和设备的启动时间：(startup time)
如何使用Windows 10中的任务管理器查看(Task Manager)启动应用程序和程序列表(startup apps and programs)
首先，启动任务管理器(Task Manager)。我们推荐的键盘快捷键(keyboard shortcut)是"Ctrl + Shift + Esc."如果您跳过了Windows 8 ，并且直到现在您还没有访问任务管理器，它会在我们所谓的紧凑视图中打开，显示当前在您的 Windows 10 设备上运行的所有应用程序的列表。(Task Manager)您需要完整版本的任务管理器(Task Manager)才能访问“启动(Startup)”选项卡，因此请单击或点击精简视图底部的“更多详细信息”。(More details)
当任务管理器(Task Manager)的完整版本打开时，转到启动(Startup)选项卡。
“启动(Startup)”选项卡显示当前计划在每次 Windows 10计算机或设备(computer or device)启动时启动的应用程序列表，以及有关它们的有用信息，例如它们的发布者、它们的状态、它们对加载所有内容所需时间的影响等等。
注意：(NOTE:)如果您想要持续关注启动应用程序和服务，您可以自定义(apps and services)任务管理器(Task Manager)以在此选项卡中打开。
如何在Windows 10(Windows 10)的任务管理器(Task Manager)中了解有关启动程序的更多信息
任务管理器的(Task Manager's) 启动(Startup)选项卡按列排列。您可以单击或点击任何列的标题，然后拖动以重新排序。默认情况下，该选项卡显示四列，显示列出的每个启动应用程序的名称、发布者、状态和启动影响。(startup application)这些基本信息应该足以让您对每个应用程序对Windows 10启动时间的影响程度形成一般意见：
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名称(Name)- 显示应用程序的名称。它是唯一不能从视图中隐藏的列。
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发布(Publisher)者 - 显示发布软件的公司的名称。这有助于识别每个程序。
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状态(Status)- 显示程序在启动过程中是启用(Enabled)还是禁用。(Disabled)Windows 10启动时，禁用的程序将被阻止启动。
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启动影响(Startup Impact)- 让您大致了解每个程序的影响有多大：高(High)影响（应用使用超过一秒的CPU 时间(CPU time)或超过 3MB 的disk input/output），中等(Medium)影响（应用使用 300 毫秒到 1 秒CPU 时间(CPU time)或300 KB 到 3 MB 的disk input/output）或低(Low)影响（应用程序使用少于 300 毫秒的CPU 时间(CPU time)和少于 300 KB 的disk input/output）。添加到列表中的任何新应用程序最初都会显示状态未测量(Not measured)，直到您重新启动计算机的次数足以让您的系统收集所需的信息以将其包含在其他三个类别之一中。
虽然列出的基本数据让您大致了解这些程序如何影响启动过程(startup procedure)，但任务管理器的(Task Manager's) 启动(Startup)选项卡能够提供其他信息。
如果您需要更多详细信息，请右键单击或按住列标题(column header)以展开可选列的列表。然后，选择要显示的信息字段。
以下是您可以添加到Windows 10任务管理器中“(Task Manager)启动(Startup)”选项卡的其他列：
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启动类型(Startup type)- 提供有关如何使用Windows 注册表(Windows Registry)或Windows 启动(Windows startup)文件夹安排每个应用程序启动的信息。
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Disk I/O at startup - 列出每个程序启动期间硬盘所需的输入和输出量。(input and output)
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启动时的CPU(CPU at startup) - 列出启动应用程序所需的处理器时间量。(processor time)
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正在运行(Running now)- 显示列出的应用程序当前是否正在运行。
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禁用时间(Disabled time)- 显示您从启动列表中禁用应用程序的日期和时间。(date and time)
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命令行(Command line)- 显示用于启动应用程序的命令。
单击或点击列的标题会按照该列中显示的值重新排序Startup中的列表。(Startup)虽然启用所有列似乎是个好主意，但最好只选择显示所需信息的列，以避免使任务管理器(Task Manager)混乱。
一个名为“Last BIOS time:”的字段显示在Startup选项卡的(Startup)右上角(right corner)，后跟一个时间值(time value)。此字段的目的是告诉您加载BIOS需要多长时间，或者更准确地说，是从按下设备上的电源(Power)按钮到看到指示Windows 10正在加载的屏幕之间的时间量。
如何从Windows 10的任务管理器禁用启动程序(Task Manager)
如果您确定有一个您不想要的应用程序，或者您认为不值得它所需的资源量，您可以禁用它以阻止它在Windows 10启动时运行。为此，请右键单击或按住应用程序，然后单击(application and click)或点击禁用(Disable)。
或者，您也可以选择应用程序，然后单击或点击任务管理器(Task Manager's)启动(Startup)选项卡右下角的禁用按钮。(Disable)
要启用以前禁用的应用程序，请右键单击或按住它，然后选择Enable，或选择它并按右下角的Enable按钮。(Enable)
提示：(TIP:)如果您喜欢修改您的 Windows 10 计算机以确保它在不浪费资源的情况下尽快响应，您可能还有兴趣阅读：哪些 Windows(Which Windows)服务可以安全禁用以及何时禁用？
奖励：您可以从任务管理器中获取有关(Task Manager)启动应用程序(startup apps)的其他有用信息
当您从任务管理器的(Task Manager's)启动(Startup)选项卡中右键单击或按住任何启动程序或应用程序(program or app)时，将打开一个上下文菜单，允许快速获取其他数据。
您可以单击或点击三个选项以获取有关应用程序或程序的额外信息：
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打开文件位置(Open file location)-将文件资源管理器打开到包含与(File Explorer)启动应用程序(startup app)对应的突出显示的可执行文件的文件夹。
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在线搜索- 打开您的默认 Web 浏览器并使用(Search online)Bing上应用程序的可执行文件的名称运行 Web 搜索。
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属性(Properties)- 显示任何启动应用程序(startup app)的属性，提供有关运行它的可执行文件的额外信息，例如文件的大小、位置等。
提示：(TIP:)相同的三个选项可用于在其上下文菜单底部列出的进程选项卡中列出的(Processes tab)正在运行的应用程序和进程。(running apps and processes)
您将启动时间缩短(startup time)了多少秒？
任务管理器的(Task Manager's) 启动选项(Startup)卡提供了允许在您的计算机上运行的启动应用程序(startup apps)的有用概览，让您可以轻松禁用其中任何一个。如果你有很多启动应用程序(startup apps)，去掉其中一些应该会大大减少持续时间。您将 Windows 10启动时间缩短(startup time)了多少秒？在下面发表评论(Comment)，让我们比较笔记。
How to view and disable startup programs from Windows 10's Task Manager
With Windows 10, Microsоft has improved the startup time of our PCs. Hоwever, performance degrades over time, slоwing down your device. As you install more and more desktop apps, they sneak themselves or their agents onto the startup list, lengthening the list of startup applicatіons аnd services. As a reѕult, Windows 10 is forced tо load more apps and background processes, before it can take input from you. The Startup tab of the Task Manager helps you handle things, allowing you to monitor and manage startup apps. Here is how it works and how you can use it to improve the startup time of your Windows 10 computers and devices:
How to view the list of startup apps and programs, using the Task Manager in Windows 10
First, launch the Task Manager. Our recommended keyboard shortcut is "Ctrl + Shift + Esc." If you skipped Windows 8, and if you did not access the Task Manager until now, it opens in what we call the compact view, displaying a list of all the apps currently running on your Windows 10 device. You need the full version of the Task Manager to access the Startup tab, so click or tap More details at the bottom of the compact view.
When the full version of the Task Manager opens, go to the Startup tab.
The Startup tab displays the list of applications currently scheduled to start each time your Windows 10 computer or device starts up, along with useful information about them, like their publisher, their status, their impact on the time it takes to load everything and more.
NOTE: If startup apps and services are something you want to constantly keep an eye on, you can customize the Task Manager to open in this tab.
How to learn more about startup programs in Windows 10's Task Manager
Task Manager's Startup tab is laid out in columns. You can click or tap on any column's header, and drag to reorder. By default, the tab shows four columns, displaying the name, publisher, status, and startup impact for each startup application listed. This basic information should be enough for you to form a general opinion on how much each app affects the startup time of Windows 10:
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Name - Displays the name of the application. It is the only column that can not be hidden from view.
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Publisher - Displays the name of the company that published the software. This aids in identifying each program.
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Status - Shows whether a program is Enabled or Disabled during the startup procedure. Disabled programs are blocked from starting when Windows 10 boots.
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Startup Impact - Gives you a general idea of how large an impact each program has: High impact (apps using more than one second of CPU time or more than 3MB of disk input/output), Medium impact (apps using 300 ms to 1 second of CPU time or 300 KB to 3 MB of disk input/output) or Low impact (apps using less than 300 ms of CPU time and less than 300 KB of disk input/output). Any new app added to the list initially displays the status Not measured, until you restart your computer enough times for your system to gather the information needed to include it one of the other three categories.
While the basic data listed gives you a rough idea of how these programs affect the startup procedure, Task Manager's Startup tab is capable of delivering additional information.
If you want more details, right-click or press-and-hold a column header to expand a list of optional columns. Then, select the fields of information that you want to be shown.
Here are the additional columns that you can add to the Startup tab in Windows 10's Task Manager:
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Startup type - Provides information about how each application is scheduled to startup, using either the Windows Registry or the Windows startup folder.
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Disk I/O at startup - Lists the amount of input and output required from your hard disk during the startup of each program.
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CPU at startup - Lists the amount of processor time required by the startup application.
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Running now - Shows if the listed application is currently running.
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Disabled time - Displays the date and time you disabled the application from the startup list.
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Command line - Displays the command(s) used to launch the application.
Clicking or tapping on a column's header reorders the list in Startup by the values displayed in that column. While having all columns enabled might seem like a good idea, it is best to only select the columns displaying the information you need, to avoid cluttering the Task Manager.
A field named "Last BIOS time:" is displayed in the top right corner of the Startup tab, followed by a time value. The purpose of this field is to tell you how long it took to load the BIOS or, more precisely, the amount of time between pressing the Power button on your device and seeing the screen that indicates that Windows 10 is loading.
How to disable startup programs from Windows 10's Task Manager
If you determine that there is an app that you do not want, or that you do not feel is worth the amount of resources it requires, you can disable it to stop it from running at the Windows 10 startup. To do this, right-click or press-and-hold the application and click or tap Disable.
Alternatively, you can also select the app and then click or tap the Disable button in the bottom right corner of Task Manager's Startup tab.
To enable a previously disabled app, either right-click or press-and-hold on it and then choose Enable, or select it and press the Enable button in the bottom right corner.
TIP: If you enjoy tinkering with your Windows 10 computer to ensure that it responds as quickly as possible without wasting resources, you might also be interested in reading: Which Windows services are safe to disable and when?
Bonus: Additional useful info you can get on startup apps from the Task Manager
When you right-click or press-and-hold on any startup program or app from Task Manager's Startup tab, a contextual menu opens, allowing to quickly get additional data.
There are three options that you can click or tap to get extra information about an app or a program:
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Open file location - Opens File Explorer to the folder containing the highlighted executable file that corresponds to a startup app.
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Search online - Opens your default web browser and runs a web search with the name of the app's executable file on Bing.
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Properties - Shows the properties of any startup app, offering extra information about the executable that runs it, like the file's size, location, and more.
TIP: The same three options are available for the running apps and processes listed the Processes tab, at the bottom of their contextual menus.
How many seconds did you shave off your startup time?
The Task Manager's Startup tab provides a helpful overview of the startup apps allowed to run on your computer, allowing you to effortlessly disable any of them. If you have a lot of startup apps, getting rid of a few of them should decrease the duration by quite a lot. How many seconds did you shave off your Windows 10 startup time? Comment below and let's compare notes.
