那台旧电脑占用空间并收集灰尘已成为眼中钉。你早就转移到一台更大、更好、技术更先进的计算机上，并且不再对这样的遗物有任何用处。程序(Programs)运行更流畅，游戏看起来更有活力，你还有什么理由让它继续存在？一个字——翻新。
翻新就是让电脑再次变得伟大。这并不是说你需要加倍努力才能玩最新最好的游戏，尽管你可以。它只是意味着通过更换和升级零件来很好地清理它，以便转售或享受过去的美好时光。
您可以随时将其发送给制造商，让他们处理所有繁重的工作。但是，制造商不太可能以接近您预期的价格收回旧系统。此外，你会错过自己做的所有乐趣。
如何翻新电脑(How To Refurbish a Computer)
即使只有很少的技术知识，您也应该能够自己承担这个项目。您只需要合适的工具来移除需要维修或更换的部件。
一套带有不同头的螺丝刀和某种手电筒是最基本的必需品。拥有电源测试仪、USB、启动盘或外部硬盘驱动器上的计算机重新映像程序，以及如果您正在尝试翻新笔记本电脑，还需要一个撬棒工具，这些工具也是非常方便的工具。
如果您的目标是快速赚钱，您还需要手头有一些丙烯酸涂料或魔术记号笔，以防塔外的任何磨损或可见划痕。
执行零件检查(Perform a Parts Inspection)
首先，您需要检查计算机的每一英寸是否有损坏(computer for damages)。将计算机恢复到昔日的辉煌时，物理问题更有可能是您将面临的最大问题。触摸每个角度，包括塔或机箱的顶部和侧面，检查风扇是否有碎屑或破损、所有端口、连接器和电源。
检查主板。有什么明显的问题吗？有多少(How)端口是直接连接的？你有扩展吗？磁盘(Disk)驱动器？光学(Optical)? 要彻底。在我们接触翻新的软件部分之前，必须有一个强大的物理基础。巨大(Massive)的、无法弥补的损失将推高项目成本，并可能侵蚀您的预期资金目标。您发现的任何损坏都应进行注释。
完成物理检查后，找到电源线并将其插入电源。尝试打开计算机。(Make)如果一切顺利，那么其余的修复工作就会顺利进行。等待几分钟，因为启动时间可能会比您习惯的时间长一些。
开机时也可能听到几声哔哔声。这是硬件告诉您出现问题的方式。但是，如果它甚至不通电会发生什么？那么可能有一个内部问题需要您注意。
仔细观察(A Closer Look)
查看从电源单元 ( PSU ) 到主板的电源连接器。如果计算机没有打开并且连接看起来很好，那么PSU或主板可能有问题。
如果没有现成的替代品，成本将太高，使得翻新可能不值得付出努力。任何其他看起来不正确的连接，请更正它们。
一台干净的电脑(A clean computer)是一台快乐的电脑。机壳内部很可能尘土飞扬，因此请拿起空气压缩机并将其除尘。您可以使用罐装压缩空气或便携式压缩机对主板、卡、磁盘驱动器、电源、任何风扇（尤其是主板上的CPU风扇）和机箱进行除尘。
如果您有后者，请勿将压缩机直接指向部件。相反，请确保以挥动的方式吹出空气，以免造成损坏。
零件升级和更换(Parts Upgrades & Replacements)
拆除所有不起作用或有明显物理损坏的部件。CD-ROM 驱动器和板载声卡是非必需品。您可以选择在闲暇时更换它们，但这不是必需的。显卡是另一回事。任何损坏，您都需要更换它。CMOS电池也是如此。
CMOS 是Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor 的(Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)缩写，是位于主板上的内存，用于存储您的BIOS设置。这显然是整个包装的重要组成部分。其他出现损坏且需要查看的重要部件是RAM和故障硬盘（如果适用）。您计划升级的任何东西都不需要更换。
尽可能升级计算机。即使RAM看起来没有损坏，升级它仍然是一个好主意。硬盘也是。如果可能，将CD-ROM升级到DVD，将调制解调器升级到千兆以太网或 wifi 卡。选择取决于您，但对于寻找便宜东西的游戏玩家来说(gamer looking for something on the cheap)，两者都可能是更好的选择。
启动它(Power It Up)
更换或升级所有部件后，打开计算机电源，查看是否可以进入BIOS屏幕。无论您打算保留还是出售成品，完整的计算机重新映像都是一个好主意。Darik 的 Boot and Nuke (DBAN)(Darik’s Boot and Nuke (DBAN))是一个开源选项，可以从系统中删除所有数据，让您从头开始。
选择(Opt)更现代的操作系统，如Windows 10或 Ubuntu/Debian Linux。安装两者也是一个可行的选择(Installing both is also a viable option)。确保您有足够的硬盘空间来启动您决定的任何操作系统。
您还应该考虑安装额外的软件、硬件和外围设备，以使其对买家更具吸引力。这包括云存储和备份(cloud storage & backup)应用程序、安全软件、额外的磁盘存储以及键盘、鼠标和显示器。扬声器(Speakers)，特别是如果声卡被移除，将是需要考虑的事情。
最终测试(Final Testing)
在您出售它之前，您需要确保一切正常。通过加载一些较旧的游戏、运行较旧的软件和对硬件施加压力来测试计算机。
Windows 计算机 (10/8/7)已内置内存(Memory) 诊断(Diagnostics) 工具以帮助您入门。(Tool)但是，我建议使用 UserBenchmark(UserBenchmark)对您的主要硬件系统进行更彻底的测试阅读。
How To Refurbish a Computer
That old computer taking up ѕpace and collеcting dust has become an eyesore. You’vе long since moνed оn to a bіgger, bettеr, more technologically advanced compυter and nо longer have any use for such а rеlic. Programs run smoother, games look more vibrant, what possible reason coυld you have for keeping it around any longer? One word – refurbishment.
To refurbish is to make the computer great again. That’s not to say you need to soup it up to play the latest and greatest games, although you could. It just means to clean it up nicely by replacing and upgrading parts, for either resale or enjoying the good ol’ times of days past.
You could always send it in to the manufacturer and let them handle all of the heavy lifting. However, the manufacturer isn’t likely to take the older system back at a price point even near what you’re expecting. Besides, you’d miss out on all of the fun of doing it yourself.
How To Refurbish a Computer
Even with a minimal amount of technical knowledge, you should be able to take on this project yourself. All you’ll need is the proper tools to remove the parts in need of repair or replacement.
A screwdriver set with varying heads and some sort of flashlight are the bare essentials. Having a power supply tester, a computer reimaging program on a USB, boot disk, or external hard drive, and a spudger tool if you’re attempting a laptop refurbish, are also great tools to have handy.
If your goal is to make a quick buck, you’ll also want to have some acrylic paint or a magic marker on hand for any scuffs or visible scratches in the tower exterior.
Perform a Parts Inspection
To begin, you’ll want to inspect every inch of the computer for damages. Physical problems are more likely to be the biggest issue you’ll face when restoring a computer to its former glory. Touch on every angle including the top and sides of the tower or case, inspect the fans for chips or breaks, all of the ports, connectors, and power supply.
Check the motherboard. Any noticeable issues? How many of the ports are directly connected? Do you have expansions? Disk drives? Optical? Be thorough. A strong physical foundation is necessary before we can even touch on the software portion of the refurbishment. Massive, irreparable damages will drive up the cost of the project and may eat into your expected money goal. Any damage you discover should be annotated.
Once you finish the physical inspection, find a power cord and plug it into a power source. Make an attempt to turn the computer on. If it comes on just fine, then the rest of the restoration will go by smoothly. Wait a few minutes as it could take a little longer to boot than you’re used to.
It’s also possible to hear a few beeps when powered on. This is the hardware’s way of telling you that something is wrong. But what happens if it doesn’t even power on? Then there’s likely to be an internal problem in need of your attention.
A Closer Look
Take a look at the power connectors going from the power supply unit (PSU) to the motherboard. If the computer didn’t turn on and the connections look fine, then there’s probably something wrong with the PSU or motherboard.
Without readily available replacements, the cost will be too high making the refurbishment likely not worth the effort. Any other connections that appear incorrect, correct them.
A clean computer is a happy computer. The chances are the inside of the case is rather dusty so grab yourself an air compressor and dust it out. You can use compressed air in a can or a portable compressor to dust off the motherboard, cards, disk drives, power supply, any fans (especially the CPU fan on the motherboard), and the case.
If you have the latter, do not point the compressor directly at the parts. Instead, make sure to blow out the air in a waving fashion to avoid causing damages.
Parts Upgrades & Replacements
Remove all parts that do not work or have obvious physical damage. A CD-ROM drive and onboard sound card are non-essential items. You can choose to replace them at your leisure but it’s not necessary. The graphics card is a different story. Any damage to that and you’ll need to replace it. The same can be said of the CMOS battery.
CMOS, short for Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, is the memory located on the motherboard which stores your BIOS settings. This is clearly an important part of the whole package. Other important parts that appear damaged and will need to be looked at are the RAM and faulty hard disk, if applicable. Anything you plan to upgrade will not need replacing.
Upgrade the computer as far as you can. Even if the RAM appears undamaged, it’s still a good idea to upgrade it. The hard disk as well. If possible, upgrade the CD-ROM to DVD, and the modem to either gigabit ethernet or a wifi card. The choice is up to you but for a gamer looking for something on the cheap, both may be the better way to go.
Power It Up
Once all parts have been replaced or upgraded, power on the computer to see if you can reach the BIOS screen. A complete computer reimaging is a good idea regardless if you plan to keep or sell the finished product. Darik’s Boot and Nuke (DBAN) is an open-source option to remove all data from the system allowing you to begin from scratch.
Opt for a more modern operating system like Windows 10 or Ubuntu/Debian Linux. Installing both is also a viable option. Ensure that you have enough hard disk space to pull off whichever operating system you decide.
You should also think about installing additional software, hardware, and peripherals to make it appear more appealing to buyers. This includes cloud storage & backup apps, security software, additional disk storage, as well as a keyboard, mouse, and monitor. Speakers, especially if the sound card was removed, would be something to consider.
Final Testing
Before you can sell it, you’ll want to make sure that everything works. Test the computer out by loading up a few older games, running older software, and stressing the hardware.
Windows computers (10/8/7) have the Memory Diagnostics Tool already built in to get you started. However, I would suggest UserBenchmark for a more thorough test reading of your major hardware systems.
