Onion Router ( Tor ) 在志愿者网络的支持下运行，他们提供他们的计算机和互联网带宽，以使它们融合在一起。全球有数百万用户信任Tor，目的是保护在线隐私以及在不损害身份的情况下访问各种网站。
托管您自己的Tor中继或节点使您有机会帮助其他用户在线享受同样的自由，并获得一些额外的好处。但是，了解潜在风险也很好。速度不是使用Tor的亮点之一。如果匿名是您的目标，更快的替代方案将是受信任的 VPN 服务。( a trusted VPN service)
还有一些人选择利用匿名服务从事犯罪活动(to engage in criminal activities)。通过这样做，这可能会使您受到关注，否则您将对此零兴趣。如果他们怀疑有问题，您可以期待您的ISP打来电话。(ISP)
如果您仍然觉得Tor中继适合您，请继续阅读有关如何设置自己的中继的说明。
Tor 中继设置必需品
完整的设置配置应该只需要一些时间和一些技术技能。Tor中继的整个过程并不太复杂，但您需要先完成一些初步步骤。
首先，收集有关您的互联网连接和您计划使用的服务器的一些详细信息。当涉及到实际带宽时，最好不要相信您的ISP 。相反，建议您访问诸如speedtest.net之类的网站以获取下载和上传速度。
在高峰时段测试(Test)速度，以更准确地了解在繁忙的流量负载期间为您提供了多少带宽。如果您目前没有签订无限带宽计划的合同，您还需要了解每个月对数据的限制。
接下来，通过前往ip4.me(ip4.me)快速找出您的公共 IP 地址是什么。地址将显示在页面顶部。如果您在网络中使用代理服务器、 NAT(NAT)、防火墙(firewall)或路由器(router)，请牢记这一点也对您有益。
如果存在应隐藏传输的任何社交应用程序，也可以这样说。如果有，请找出正在使用的端口，并在可能的情况下将它们配置为使用不同的端口。
配置 Tor 硬件
现在是时候选择您的Tor(Tor)中继将运行的硬件和操作系统了。您需要大约 250KBps 的最低互联网下载速度，尽管越多越好。使用至少 64 位架构加载所有内容也是一个好主意。
操作系统最终取决于您，但Debian（或Ubuntu）将是最佳选择。Debian 存储库(Debian repository)中有一个 Tor 软件包，它使安装非常简单。
安装(Installing)和配置Tor 代理(Tor Agent)
本教程的其余部分将假定Debian是首选操作系统。
sudo apt-get install tor
- 收到通知您需要额外磁盘空间的消息后，按Y和Enter 。
- 安装过程接近完成后，您应该会看到两条消息之一
Starting tor daemon…done
或者
Setting up tor…
- 如果没有收到消息，您可以通过在终端中键入以下内容来找出导致失败的原因：
sudo tail -f /var/log/messages
- 修复列出的问题并尝试再次安装Tor。
- /etc/tor或简单地/etc/中找到主配置文件 (torrc) 。通过键入以下内容在文本编辑器中打开文件：
sudo vi /etc/tor/torrc
ORPort 443
Exitpolicy reject *:*
Nickname whateveryouwant
ContactInfo [email protected]
- 您可以将Nickname和ContactInfo部分更改为您想要的任何内容。如果您打算限制带宽使用，则需要添加更多行。这不仅有利于保持在您的数据使用限制内，而且还可以为Tor提供良好的速度，而不会忽视客户端 PC 的性能。尽量(Attempt)平衡这一点。
- 在文件底部添加以下几行：
ccountingStart day 0:00
AccountingMax 512 MBytes
RelayBandwidthRate 5120 KBytes
RelayBandwidthBurst 10240 KBytes
:wq
sudo service tor restart
监控你的 Tor 中继
您可以使用匿名继电器监视器(Anonymizing Relay Monitor)( ARM )密切关注您的继电器。使用以下命令通过终端安装它：
sudo apt-get install tor-arm
sudo arm
Tor Metrics，以前的Tor Atlas，是另一个很棒的监控服务，可以公开显示你的中继。该站点包含一个Tor中继和出口节点的全球目录。您的中继设置完成后最多需要 4 小时才能在网站上显示。
- 首先，通过输入以下命令获取Tor中继指纹：(Tor)
# cat /var/lib/tor/fingerprint
- 您正在寻找一长串字母的第二个块。写下来或记住它以供下一步使用。
- 在浏览器中，打开以下 URL：
https://metrics.torproject.org/#details/<relay fingerprint info>
不要指望您的中继会很快获得大量流量。数据路由可能需要几天的时间才能开始，并且不早于 68 天，您的中继才能被视为其他客户端的可能入口点。
只要知道，一旦一切最终解决，您将成为不断扩大的志愿者合作的一部分，为数百万用户提供更安全的互联网使用方式。
How To Set Up Your Own Tor Relay
The Onion Router (Tor) runs on the suрport of a network of volunteers offering up their computers and internet bandwidth to make it all come together. There are millions of υsers aroυnd the world who place their truѕt in Tor for the purpose of online prіvаcy protection and the ability to access various websites without compromising their identities.
Hosting your own Tor relay or node affords you the chance to help other users enjoy the same freedoms online with a few additional benefits. However, it’s also good to understand the potential risks. Speed is not one of the highlights of using Tor. A faster alternative would be a trusted VPN service if anonymity is your goal.
There are also some who choose to use the anonymity of the service to engage in criminal activities. By doing so, this could shine a spotlight on you that you otherwise would have zero interest in. You can expect a call from your ISP if they suspect something is amiss.
If you still feel that a Tor relay is for you, continue reading for instructions on how you can set up one of your very own.
Tor Relay Setup Necessities
The full setup configuration should only require some time and a few technical skills. The whole process for a Tor relay isn’t too complicated but there are a few preliminary steps you’ll need to complete first.
To begin, gather a few details on your internet connection and the server you plan to use. It’s best to not take your ISP at their word when it comes to actual bandwidth. Instead, it’s advisable that you go to a site like speedtest.net to acquire the download and upload speeds.
Test the speeds during peak hours to get a more accurate ballpark of how much bandwidth is afforded to you during busy traffic loads. If you’re not currently under contract for an unlimited bandwidth plan, you’ll also need to understand the limits placed on your data each month.
Next, quickly figure out what your public IP address is by heading to ip4.me. The address will be displayed at the top of the page. It will also benefit you to keep in mind if you are using a proxy server, NAT, firewall or router in your network.
The same can be said if there are any social applications with transmissions that should be concealed. If there are some, locate which ports are being used and configure them to use different ones, if possible.
Configuring Your Tor Hardware
Now is the time to choose the hardware and operating system your Tor relay will run. You need around 250KBps minimum internet download speed, although the more the merrier. It’s also a good idea to load everything using at least 64-bit architecture.
The operating system is ultimately up to you but Debian (or Ubuntu) would be the best choice. There is a Tor package located in the Debian repository that makes installation very simple.
Installing & Configuring The Tor Agent
The rest of this tutorial will assume that Debian is the OS of choice.
- Open a terminal and type the following:
sudo apt-get install tor
- Press Y and Enter after receiving a message informing you’ll need additional disk space.
- Once the installation process is nearing completion, you should see one of two messages
Starting tor daemon…done
or
Setting up tor…
- If no message is received, you can figure out what caused the failure by typing the following into the terminal:
sudo tail -f /var/log/messages
- Fix the issues listed and try to install Tor again.
- Locate the main configuration file (torrc) in /etc/tor or simply /etc/. Open the file in a text editor by typing:
sudo vi /etc/tor/torrc
- Head to the bottom of the file and type the following:
ORPort 443
Exitpolicy reject *:*
Nickname whateveryouwant
ContactInfo [email protected]
- You can change the Nickname and ContactInfo sections to whatever you wish. If you intend to limit bandwidth usage, you’ll need to add more lines. This is not only beneficial to stay within your data usage limit but to also provide good speed for Tor, without neglecting the client PC’s performance. Attempt to balance this as best you can.
- Add these next lines at the bottom of the file:
ccountingStart day 0:00
AccountingMax 512 MBytes
RelayBandwidthRate 5120 KBytes
RelayBandwidthBurst 10240 KBytes
:wq
- Hit Enter and restart Tor using:
sudo service tor restart
- The Tor exit node should now be ready for use.
Monitoring Your Tor Relay
You can keep an eye on your relay using the Anonymizing Relay Monitor (ARM). Install it via the terminal with the following command:
sudo apt-get install tor-arm
- Once installed, launch it using:
sudo arm
Tor Metrics, formerly Tor Atlas, is another great monitoring service that will display your relay publicly. The site contains a global catalog of Tor relays and exit nodes. It will take up to 4 hours after your relay has been set up before it will be visible on the site.
- First, acquire the Tor relay fingerprint by entering the following command:
# cat /var/lib/tor/fingerprint
- You’re looking for the second block of a long string of letters. Write it down or remember it for the next step.
- In your browser, open the following URL:
https://metrics.torproject.org/#details/<relay fingerprint info>
- To find your node, search for the nickname you gave it while setting things up.
Don’t expect your relay to gain much traffic any time soon. It will likely take a few days for data routing to get going and no earlier than 68 days before your relay can be considered a possible entry point for other clients.
Just know that once everything has finally settled, you’ll be a part of a growing collaboration of volunteers that provide millions of users a safer way to use the internet.
