只要您打开网络浏览器，就可以（并且正在）跟踪您的所有在线活动。您访问的网站、您在线购买的商品以及您登录的服务。私人浏览可以帮助您将这些信息保密。
即使您认为自己不在乎，也可能有很多理由让您想保持隐身状态。它们并不总是显而易见的，例如阻止其他人查看您的浏览历史并了解您在网上做什么。也许您想阻止像Facebook这样的网站使用这些信息来为您定制广告。或者不想担心在使用公共计算机时注销。
但是，不要以为只要打开隐私浏览模式(turn on private browsing mode)就可以保证您不会被记录。借助Safari隐私浏览功能，您可以使用终端(Terminal)轻松调出您访问过的所有网站。
让我们看看如何做到这一点，以及如何永远摆脱这些信息。
如何在 Safari 中激活隐私浏览(How To Activate Private Browsing In Safari)
如果您以前从未使用过 Safari 的隐私浏览功能，请按照以下说明启用它。
- 打开Safari浏览器。
- 选择“文件(File)” > “新建私人窗口”(New Private Window)。您会注意到，在私人窗口中，地址栏较暗。
- 要打开一个新的私人标签，请按Command + T。您在同一窗口中打开的任何新选项卡也将使用隐私浏览。
如果您想将Safari隐私浏览设置为默认选项，可以在设置中进行。
转到首选项(Preferences )并选择常规( General)。在选项卡中，找到Safari opens with menu 并单击A new private window。
Safari 无痕浏览功能做什么和不做什么(What Safari Private Browsing Does & Doesn’t Do)
在了解实际情况之前，了解隐私浏览的含义很重要。以及当您使用Safari浏览器时它如何保护您的隐私。
Safari 无痕浏览功能的作用(What Safari Private Browsing Feature Does)
虽然此功能不提供完全的隐私，但隐私浏览确实最大限度地减少了您在网上留下的数字足迹。
Safari隐私浏览的积极影响如下：
- 在 Safari 的历史记录选项卡中找不到您的浏览历史记录。
- 它不会自动填充您之前保存在浏览器中的用户名或密码。
- 它不会保存您在浏览时输入网站的新密码。
- 限制某些网站尝试附加到您的烦人的跟踪 cookie 。(annoying tracking cookies)
隐私浏览不会隐藏的事情(Things Private Browsing Doesn’t Hide)
当然，你不应该完全相信Safari的隐私。只是(Simply)因为它有一定的局限性。Safari的隐私浏览功能没有隐藏的一些内容包括：
- 当您在禁用私密浏览的情况下浏览网页时，您在私密会话中保存的书签仍然可见。
- 您设备的 IP 地址。
- 如果您使用的是工作计算机并且它安装了监控软件，那么它仍然会看到并记录您的在线活动。
- 您的互联网服务提供商(Internet Service Provider)仍然可以看到您在网上所做的事情（并可能出售该信息）。
使用终端命令改善您的隐私(Improve Your Privacy Using Terminal Commands)
正如我们之前提到的，当您使用 Safari 隐私浏览时，该功能不会将您的搜索历史存储在历史记录选项卡中。
但是，您的计算机上有一个地方可以找到它。这是终端(Terminal)。
- 要查找终端，请转到应用程序(Applications)，然后转到计算机上的实用程序(Utilities)文件夹。
- 打开终端(Terminal)后，运行此命令以查看访问过的站点列表：
dscacheutil -cachedump -entries Host
如果您收到诸如“无法从缓存节点获取详细信息”之类的错误消息，请不要担心，只需跳到下面的部分清除缓存即可。否则，您将获得您访问的网站的域列表，如下所示：
Key: h_name :(website domain)ipv4 :1
但是，有一种方法可以删除该信息。
擦干净你的足迹(Wipe Your Tracks Clean)
终端(Terminal)有一个命令，可让您从计算机中永久清除这些存储的站点。
打开终端(Terminal)并输入命令：
dscacheutil -flushcache
这将几乎“刷新”来自Terminal的所有存储信息。如果要确保这些域已消失，请尝试再次运行dscacheutil -cachedump -entries Host命令。这次您将看到一个空白目录服务缓存。
不幸的是，没有办法自动执行此操作。这意味着它不会阻止终端(Terminal)保存您将来访问的站点的域。因此，您必须定期执行整个过程以保持记录清洁。
其他浏览器中的无痕浏览(Private Browsing In Other Browsers)
Safari被认为是Mac用户的首选浏览器，因为它预装在您的计算机上。但是您可能正在使用其他替代浏览器(using other alternative browsers)以及 Safari 或代替Safari。
幸运的是，无论您选择哪种浏览器，它都会有自己的隐私浏览功能。因此，您可以学习如何在 Firefox(how to stay incognito in Firefox)、Chrome、Opera或您使用的任何其他浏览器中保持隐身状态。
如果您想让事情更上一层楼，建议您也使用额外的工具和扩展来更好地保护在线隐私。
How to Make Safari’s Private Browsing Feature Actually Private
As soon as you open your web browser, all уour activity online can be (and is being) tracked. The sites you visit, the things you buy online, and the services you log іnto. Private brоwsing can help you keep that information to yourself.
Even if you think you don’t care, there can be many reasons for you to want to stay incognito. They aren’t always the obvious ones, like preventing other people from looking at your browsing history and learning what you do online. Maybe you’d like to stop sites like Facebook using that information to tailor their ads to you. Or don’t want to worry about logging out when using a public computer.
However, don’t think that as soon as you turn on private browsing mode it guarantees that you’re not being recorded. With the Safari private browsing feature, you can use Terminal to easily bring up all the sites you’ve visited.
Let’s have a look at how to do that and how to get rid of that information for good.
How To Activate Private Browsing In Safari
If you’ve never used Safari’s private browsing feature before, here’s how to enable it.
- Open the Safari browser.
- Choose File > New Private Window. You’ll notice that in the private window the address bar is darker.
- To open a new private tab, press Command + T. Any new tab that you open in this same window will also use private browsing.
If you’d like to set Safari private browsing as a default option, you can do it in settings.
Go to Preferences and choose General. In the tab, find Safari opens with menu and click on A new private window.
What Safari Private Browsing Does & Doesn’t Do
Before you get to the practical side of things, it’s important to learn what private browsing means. As well as how exactly it protects your privacy when you use the Safari browser.
What Safari Private Browsing Feature Does
While this feature doesn’t offer complete privacy, private browsing does minimize the digital footprint you leave online.
Among the positive impacts of Safari private browsing are the following:
- Your browsing history can’t be found in Safari’s history tab.
- It doesn’t autofill usernames or passwords you’ve previously saved in the browser.
- It doesn’t save new passwords you enter into websites while browsing.
- Limits the annoying tracking cookies that some websites try and attach to you.
Things Private Browsing Doesn’t Hide
Of course, you shouldn’t trust Safari completely with your privacy. Simply because it has certain limitations. Some things that Safari’s private browsing feature doesn’t hide include:
- Bookmarks that you save in a private session are still visible when you browse the web with private browsing disabled.
- Your device’s IP address.
- If you’re using your work computer and it has monitoring software installed, then it will still see and record your online activity.
- Your Internet Service Provider can still see what you do online (and possibly sell that information).
Improve Your Privacy Using Terminal Commands
As we mentioned before, when you use Safari private browsing, the feature doesn’t store your search history in the history tab.
However, there’s a place on your computer where you can find it. It’s the Terminal.
- To find Terminal, go to Applications and then to the Utilities folder on your computer.
- Once you open Terminal, run this command to see the list of sites visited:
dscacheutil -cachedump -entries Host
If you get an error message like “Unable to get details from the cache node”, don’t worry about it and just skip down to the section below for clearing the cache. Otherwise, you’ll get a list of the domains of the websites you went to, looking like this:
Key: h_name :(website domain)ipv4 :1
However, there’s a way to delete that information.
Wipe Your Tracks Clean
Terminal has a command that lets you wipe those stored sites from your computer for good.
Open Terminal and enter the command:
dscacheutil -flushcache
This will pretty much “flush” all the stored information from Terminal. If you want to make sure those domains are gone, try and run dscacheutil -cachedump -entries Host command again. You’ll see a blank directory service cache this time.
Unfortunately, there’s no way to automate this. Meaning it won’t keep Terminal from saving the domains of the sites you go to in the future. So you’ll have to do this whole process regularly to keep your records clean.
Private Browsing In Other Browsers
Safari is considered to be a go-to browser for Mac users, as it comes pre-installed on your computer. But you might be using other alternative browsers as well as, or instead of, Safari.
Luckily, no matter which browser you choose, it will have its own private browsing feature. So you can learn how to stay incognito in Firefox, Chrome, Opera, or any other browser you use.
If you want to take things to the next level, it’s recommended to also use extra tools and extensions for better privacy online.
