当有人因为没有正确保存文档而丢失了他们正在处理的重要内容时，这总是一个可怕的悲剧。对于Excel 和 Word 用户(Excel and Word users)，这种情况发生的频率比您想象的要多！
幸运的是，微软(Microsoft)在最近的几个版本中添加了许多功能，有助于减少由于崩溃、断电、意外删除等而丢失数据的机会。一个功能称为自动恢复(AutoRecover)，第二个不太为人所知的功能，称为自动备份(AutoBackup)。
在本文中，我将讨论如何配置这两个选项，以使您的数据尽可能安全。我还想提一下，最新版本的Office 允许(Office allow)您将文档直接保存到OneDrive，这是一个不错的选择，因为即使您的硬盘驱动器出现故障，您仍然可以访问您的工作。
Excel 自动恢复
自动恢复功能(Auto Recover feature)在默认情况下是打开的，基本上是在设定的时间间隔后自动将您的文档保存到一个临时位置(set time interval)。要查看自动恢复(AutoRecover)设置，请单击文件(File)，然后单击选项(Options)。
单击左侧菜单中的Save ，您将在(Save)Save Workbooks下看到AutoRecover 选项(AutoRecover option)。
默认情况下，自动恢复信息(AutoRecover information)每 10 分钟保存一次。除了时间间隔，Excel必须空闲 30 秒才能保存数据。此外，自动保存的信息保存在此处列出的AutoRecover 文件位置。(AutoRecover file location)那么它是怎样工作的？基本上(Basically)，假设您有一个如下所示的工作表，并且您已将其保存。
现在假设我将以下数据添加到Excel 电子表格并等待(Excel spreadsheet and wait)大约 10 分钟而不保存我的文档。由于自动恢复间隔(AutoRecover interval)设置为 10 分钟，因此您需要等待至少那么长时间才能保存数据。
就我而言，我通过打开任务管理器(task manager)并终止Excel 进程(Excel process)来模拟Excel 崩溃(Excel crash)。之后，我重新打开Excel并立即看到一个名为Show Recovered Files的选项。
如果单击它，它将显示可以恢复的Excel文件列表。(Excel)在我的例子中，它有原始文件，其中只有A1 和 A2(A1 and A2)中的数据，它还有AutoRecovered 文件(AutoRecovered file)，其中包括我没有保存到磁盘的数据。
单击列表中的任何项目将打开另一个Excel实例，显示该特定文件中的数据。总的来说，当您没有保存所有工作但Excel意外结束时，这是一个非常有用的功能。
此功能的主要缺点是自动恢复数据(AutoRecover data)与您的文件存储在同一硬盘驱动器上，因此如果您的硬盘驱动器发生问题，一切都会消失。您可以将上述设置中的位置更改为单独的硬盘驱动器，甚至更改为网络位置(network location)，我强烈建议您这样做。
请注意，在以下情况下， Excel也会自动删除AutoRecover 信息：(AutoRecover information)
- 您手动保存文件或使用文件(File)-另存为(Save As)。
- 您关闭文件或退出 Excel(file or quit Excel)（无论是否保存文件）
- 您完全关闭自动恢复(AutoRecover)或仅关闭工作簿
所以基本上，每当您保存文件时，它都会删除AutoRecover data。此外，如果您手动退出Excel并选择不保存数据，则会删除自动恢复数据(AutoRecover data)。使用此功能时请记住(Just)这一点。如果您是重度Excel 用户(Excel user)，我建议您将AutoRecover 间隔(AutoRecover interval)设置为2 或 3 分钟而不是 10 分钟。
自动备份
很少有人真正了解它的另一个功能是AutoBackup。要使用它，您必须先保存文件才能进入“保存(Save) ”对话框(dialog box)。如果您已经保存了Excel 文档(Excel document)，请转到文件(File)，然后另存为(Save As)并选择一个位置。当你这样做时，它会弹出另存为(Save As)对话框。
在对话框中，单击“保存(Save)”按钮左侧的“工具(Tools)”按钮。您会看到几个选项，其中一个是General Options。当您单击它时，将出现一个带有更多选项的小窗口。
继续并检查始终创建备份(Always create backup)框。单击确定(Click OK)，现在当您保存文件时，还将创建一个扩展名为 .XLK的Excel 备份文件。(Excel backup)请注意，第一次执行此操作时，文件将完全相同。如果您对原始文件进行编辑然后再次保存，备份文件(backup file)仍将保持不变（原始数据）。但是，第三次保存时，备份文件(backup file)将更新至第二次保存的信息。
基本上，备份文件(backup file)总是比当前版本晚一个版本。因此，如果您进行了大量更改，保存了文件，然后想要返回没有这些更改的版本，您可以打开备份文件(backup file)。
该文件保存在与原始文件相同的位置，似乎没有办法改变它。此功能不会为您的文档增加很多安全性，但在某些情况下它很好。
在Excel中启用这些备份和恢复功能(backup and recovery features)有望使您免于丢失重要数据。如果您的计算机发生灾难性故障，使用云存储（如OneDrive）作为额外的安全网(safety net)始终是一个不错的选择。如果您有任何问题，请随时发表评论。享受！
How to Use Excel AutoRecover and AutoBackup Features
It’s always a terrible tragedy when someone lоses something important they were working on becauѕe they didn’t save thеir doсument properly. This happens more often than you would think to Excel аnd Word υsers!
Luckily, Microsoft has added a lot of features in the last couple of versions that help reduce the chances of losing data due to crashes, power outages, accidental deletions, etc. One feature is called AutoRecover and the second, less-commonly known feature, is called AutoBackup.
In this article, I’ll talk about how to configure both options so that your data is as safe as possible. I would also like to mention that the latest versions of Office allow you to save documents directly to OneDrive, which is a good option to consider because you’ll still be able to access your work even if your hard drive fails.
Excel AutoRecover
The Auto Recover feature is turned on by default and basically saves your document automatically into a temporary location after a set time interval. To view the AutoRecover settings, click on File and then Options.
Click on Save in the left-hand menu and you’ll see the AutoRecover option under Save Workbooks.
By default, AutoRecover information is saved every 10 minutes. In addition to the interval, Excel has to be idle for 30 seconds before the data will be saved. Also, the autosaved information is saved in the AutoRecover file location listed here. So how does it work? Basically, let’s say you have a worksheet like the one below and you have it saved.
Now let’s say I add the following data to the Excel spreadsheet and wait about 10 minutes without saving my document. Since the AutoRecover interval is set for 10 minutes, you need to wait at least that long for the data to be saved.
In my case, I simulated an Excel crash by opening the task manager and killing the Excel process. After that, I reopened Excel and immediately saw an option called Show Recovered Files.
If you click on that, it will bring up a list of Excel files that can be recovered. In my case, it had the original file, which had data in just A1 and A2, and it also had the AutoRecovered file, which included the data that I had not saved to disk.
Clicking on any of the items in the list will open another instance of Excel showing the data in that particular file. Overall, this is a really useful feature for those times when you didn’t save all your work, but Excel ends unexpectedly.
The major downside to this feature is that the AutoRecover data is stored on the same hard drive as your file, so if something happens to your hard drive, everything will be gone. You can change the location in the settings above to a separate hard drive or even to a network location, which I highly recommend.
Note that AutoRecover information is also deleted automatically by Excel in the following circumstances:
- You save the file manually or by using File – Save As.
- You close the file or quit Excel (whether you save the file or not)
- You turn off AutoRecover completely or for just the workbook
So basically, whenever you save the file, it gets rid of the AutoRecover data. In addition, if you manually quit Excel and choose not to save the data, it will delete the AutoRecover data. Just keep that in mind when using this feature. If you are a heavy Excel user, I would suggest setting the AutoRecover interval to something like 2 or 3 minutes instead of 10.
AutoBackup
Another feature that not many people really know about it is AutoBackup. To use it, you have to first go and save your file to get to the Save dialog box. If you already have a saved Excel document, go to File and then Save As and choose a location. When you do this, it’ll bring up the Save As dialog.
In the dialog, click on the Tools button that is to the left of the Save button. You’ll see a couple of options, one of which is General Options. When you click on that, a small window will appear with some more options.
Go ahead and check the Always create backup box. Click OK and now when you save the file, an Excel backup file will also be created with a .XLK extension. Note that the first time you do this, the files will be exactly the same. If you make edits to the original file and then save it again, the backup file will still remain the same (the original data). The third time you save it, however, the backup file will be updated with information up to the second save.
Basically, the backup file is always one version behind the current version. So if you made a bunch of changes, saved your file and then wanted to go back to the version that didn’t have those changes, you could just open the backup file.
The file is saved in the same location as the original file and there doesn’t seem to be a way to change that. This feature doesn’t add a whole lot of safety to your document, but it’s good in certain circumstances.
Enabling these backup and recovery features in Excel will hopefully save you from losing important data. It’s always a good option to use cloud storage (like OneDrive) as an extra safety net in case your computer catastrophically fails. If you have any questions, feel free to comment. Enjoy!
