最近，我们需要在几台计算机上安装Windows 和 Ubuntu 。(Windows and Ubuntu)对于需要Windows 10的用户，我们可以使用微软(Microsoft)提供的媒体创建工具(Media Creation Tool)。但是，对于非Microsoft操作系统，这是行不通的。我们想要一个能够在Windows(Windows)以及Linux或其他操作系统（如FreeDOS）上创建可引导USB 记忆(USB memory)棒的工具。我们最喜欢的工具叫做Rufus，在本文中，我们将展示如何使用它来制作您自己的可启动USB 驱动器(USB drive)，适用于任何操作系统(operating system)你希望：
1.下载鲁弗斯
首先，下载(download )Rufus。在其网页上，滚动直到找到下载链接，然后选择您喜欢的版本。值得注意的是，您可以将Rufus作为便携式应用程序，下载后即可运行。
当您运行Rufus时，您应该会看到如下内容：
2. 插入 USB 记忆棒
接下来，您必须插入要使用的USB 记忆(USB memory)棒。将其插入您的 Windows PC 或设备(PC or device)，Rufus应该会自动检测到它。完成后，USB 记忆(USB memory)棒会列在Rufus窗口顶部的设备列表中。(Device)如果您还有其他USB驱动器（例如便携式硬盘）连接到您的计算机，它们也会显示在此列表中。确保(Make)选择要使用的U 盘(USB stick)，而不是其他驱动器，因为它将被格式化。
3.使用Windows 或 Linux ISO 文件(Windows or Linux ISO file)创建可启动USB 驱动器(USB drive)，或选择FreeDOS
在Rufus中，单击或点击引导选择(Boot selection)，然后选择是要使用ISO 文件(ISO file)创建可引导驱动器，还是要创建带有FreeDOS的可引导驱动器。如果您想要FreeDOS，请选择它并跳到本指南的最后一部分。
如果要创建Windows或Linux可启动USB 驱动器(USB drive)，请选择“磁盘或 ISO 映像”。("Disk or ISO image.")然后，单击或点按选择(Select)。
浏览(Browse)您的计算机或设备(computer or device)，然后选择您想要放入可启动USB 驱动器(USB drive)的操作系统的(operating system)ISO 文件(ISO file)。如果要创建Windows可启动USB 记忆(USB memory)棒，请选择Windows ISO。如果您想要一个带有Ubuntu Linux的可引导(Ubuntu Linux)USB 驱动器(USB drive)，请选择一个Ubuntu ISO 文件(Ubuntu ISO file)。找到ISO 文件(ISO file)后，选择它并按打开(Open)。
Rufus加载ISO 文件(ISO file)并调整其默认设置以适应该ISO 中的(ISO)操作系统(operating system)。尽管默认设置应该适合大多数人和设备，但在某些情况下，您可能需要更改其中的一些设置。
如果您打算使用Windows 或 Linux(Windows or Linux)创建可启动驱动器，您可能需要注意分区方案(Partition scheme)和目标系统(Target system)设置。
如果您想在具有 UEFI 和GPT 分区方案(GPT partition scheme)的相当新的 PC 上安装 Windows(Windows on a fairly new PC with UEFI and a) ，您应该选择以下设置：
- 分区方案：GPT(Partition scheme: GPT)
- 目标系统：UEFI（非 CSM）(Target system: UEFI (non CSM))
- 文件系统：FAT32（默认）(File System: FAT32 (Default))
如果要安装 Windows 的 PC 是旧设备，传统(install Windows is an older device with a traditional)BIOS 或 UEFI设置为兼容模式(set to compatible mode)，并且MBR 分区(MBR partition)方案，则应选择以下设置：
- 分区方案：MBR(Partition scheme: MBR)
- 目标系统：BIOS（或 UEFI-CSM）(Target system: BIOS (or UEFI-CSM))
- 文件系统：NTFS(File System: NTFS)
如果您想在带有UEFI的新设备上安装(UEFI)Linux，请选择GPT。否则，选择MBR。无论如何，选择FAT32作为要在USB 驱动器(USB drive)上使用的文件系统(file system)。
如果你愿意，你也可以检查其他几个可用的选项，但除非你知道你在做什么，否则你应该让它们保持原样。Rufus 会(Rufus)自动调整其他所有内容。
4.创建可启动驱动器
最后一步是单击或点击开始(START)并等待创建可引导驱动器。
根据您的驱动器速度和您选择的操作系统(operating system)的大小，此步骤可能需要一段时间。
完成后，您可以使用它从它启动并安装您选择在USB 驱动器上复制的(USB drive)操作系统(operating system)。
你用过鲁法斯吗？
您(Did)喜欢我们为此任务推荐的应用吗？你觉得用它创建可启动的USB驱动器很容易吗？我们很想听听您对此的看法，因此请随时在下面的评论部分中分享。
How to make a bootable USB drive with Windows, Ubuntu or FreeDOS
Recently, we needed to install Windows and Ubuntu on seνeral computers. For the ones that needed Windows 10, we could have usеd the Media Creation Tool offered by Microsoft. However, for non-Microsoft operating systems, that doesn't work. We wanted a tool that was able to create a bootable USB memory stick with Windows, but also with Linux or other operating systems such as FreeDOS. The tool we like most is called Rufus and, in this article, we show how to use it to make your own bootable USB drive with any operating system you wish:
1. Download Rufus
First, download Rufus. On its webpage, scroll until you find the download links, and choose the edition you prefer. It is worth noting that you can get Rufus as a portable app which you can run once you download it.
When you run Rufus, you should see something like this:
2. Plug in the USB memory stick
Next, you have to plug in the USB memory stick that you want to use. Plug it into your Windows PC or device and Rufus should automatically detect it. When it does, the USB memory stick is listed in the Device list at the top of Rufus' window. If you also have other USB drives such as portable hard disks connected to your computer, they are also shown in this list. Make sure that you select the USB stick that you want to use and not some other drive because it is going to be formatted.
3. Create a bootable USB drive using a Windows or Linux ISO file, or choose FreeDOS
In Rufus, click or tap Boot selection and choose whether you want to create a bootable drive using an ISO file or you want to create a bootable drive with FreeDOS on it. If you want FreeDOS, select it and skip to the last section of this guide.
If you want to create a Windows or a Linux bootable USB drive, choose "Disk or ISO image." Then, click or tap Select.
Browse through your computer or device and select the ISO file with the operating system that you want to put on the bootable USB drive. If you want to create a Windows bootable USB memory stick, select a Windows ISO. If you want a bootable USB drive with Ubuntu Linux, select an Ubuntu ISO file. After you locate the ISO file, select it and press Open.
Rufus loads the ISO file and adjusts its default settings to fit the operating system in that ISO. Although the default settings should be just right for most people and devices, you might want to change a few of them, in some situations.
If you intend to create a bootable drive with Windows or Linux, you might want to pay attention to the Partition scheme and Target system settings.
If you want to install Windows on a fairly new PC with UEFI and a GPT partition scheme, you should choose the following settings:
- Partition scheme: GPT
- Target system: UEFI (non CSM)
- File System: FAT32 (Default)
If the PC on which you want to install Windows is an older device with a traditional BIOS or UEFI set to compatible mode, and an MBR partition scheme, you should choose the following settings:
- Partition scheme: MBR
- Target system: BIOS (or UEFI-CSM)
- File System: NTFS
If you want to install Linux on a new device with UEFI, choose GPT. Otherwise, choose MBR. Regardless, select FAT32 as the file system to use on the USB drive.
If you want, you can also check the other few options available but, unless you know what you are doing, you should leave them as they are. Rufus automatically adjusts everything else.
4. Create the bootable drive
The final step is to click or tap on START and wait for the bootable drive to be created.
Depending on your drive's speed and the size of the operating system you chose, this step could take a while.
Once it is done, you can use it to boot from it and install the operating system you chose to copy on the USB drive.
Have you used Rufus?
Did you like the app that we recommend for this task? Do you feel that it is easy to create bootable USB drives with it? We'd love to hear your opinion about it, so do not hesitate to share in the comments section below.
