Windows Defender是Windows 安全^{(Windows Security)}工具套件的一部分，是一款预装在Windows 10计算机上的防病毒 Windows 10 应用程序。^{(antivirus Windows 10 App)}其目的是保护您的系统免受间谍软件、恶意软件和病毒的侵害。

Windows Defender在后台运行，实时监控您的计算机，并在发现安全问题时采取清理措施。它会定期更新病毒定义以保护您的计算机。

对于想要对更新进行更多控制的用户，Windows Defender允许用户在他们想要暂时禁用实时保护或添加进程、文件或文件夹时自定义选项。

您还可以选择对各个端点运行按需扫描。一旦您定义了扫描的参数，例如位置或类型，它将立即运行。

如果您单击可疑链接或想确保您的计算机没有受到任何恶意攻击，您可以运行按需扫描，而不是等待预定的扫描。  

^{(Run Windows Defender Antivirus)}随时按您自己的计划或按需运行 Windows Defender 防病毒软件。在本文中，我们将讨论：

• 全扫描与快速扫描
• 快速扫描
• 全扫描
• 自定义扫描
• 离线扫描
• 添加或删除排除项
• 使用任务计划程序^{(Task Scheduler)}安排更新
• 设置触发器
• 如何查找扫描结果

全扫描与快速扫描^{(Full Scan vs Quick Scans)}

Windows Defender运行两种类型的扫描。无论您是按计划还是按需设置，您都可以在设置中选择运行快速扫描或全面扫描。

快速扫描在最有可能成为攻击对象的区域（例如内存和公共位置）中查找恶意威胁。

全面扫描更彻底，可检查您计算机上的每个文件、文件夹、任务和进程。您在计算机上的内容越多，扫描所需的时间就越长。

您可以在运行完整扫描时使用计算机，但扫描时间会更长，并且可能会降低系统速度。 

^(Run)晚上不使用计算机时运行全面扫描以避免干扰。

快速扫描^{(Quick Scans)}

• 首先在Window 10^{(Window 10)} PC上启动Windows Defender安全应用程序。
• 在桌面左下角搜索Windows 安全。^{(Windows Security)}或者您可以滚动浏览您的应用程序并单击它。 

• 这将带您进入安全概览^{(Security at a glance )}部分。

• 这是您将执行大部分安全操作的地方。要手动启动按需扫描，请单击病毒和威胁防护^{(Virus & threat protection)}，然后单击快速扫描^{(Quick scan)}。

您需要进行的大多数扫描都是快速扫描。Windows将检查最有可能感染病毒的内存和常见位置。它还会让您知道扫描何时完成并识别任何看起来可疑的东西。然后，您可以删除或隔离恶意内容。

或者，您可以采取任何其他建议来删除或锁定威胁，以免它们损害您的计算机。如果您有一段时间没有更新您的病毒和威胁防护设置^{(Virus & threat protection settings)}，您应该这样做。 

Windows Defender通过称为^(Defender)定义^{(definitions)}的文件检测对您计算机的威胁。当Microsoft发现新的病毒、恶意软件或间谍软件^{(malware, or spyware)}时，他们会将其添加到列表中。单击Virus and Threat Protection Updates下的检查^{(Check for updates)}更新。

拥有最新列表将有助于保护您的计算机免受可能对您的计算机造成严重破坏的恶意文件的侵害。

全扫描^{(Full Scans)}

定期运行全面扫描是个好主意，最好是在不使用计算机的情况下过夜。完整扫描需要更长的时间，因为它们会检查每个进程、文件夹、任务和文件。

按照上述步骤转到病毒和威胁防护^{(Virus and threat protection)}屏幕，然后单击扫描选项^{(Scan options)}。

硬盘越大，安装的内存越多，计算机上的应用程序数量和数据量越多，扫描所需的时间就越长。

选择完全扫描^{(Full scan)}以检查硬盘驱动器上的所有文件和进程，然后单击立即扫描^{(Scan now)}。

自定义扫描^{(Custom Scans)}

如果您怀疑特定文件或文件夹已被盗用，请按照上述步骤进入高级扫描^{(Advanced scan)}屏幕。

• 选择自定义选项^{(Custom option)}。选择要检查的文件或文件夹的位置。
• 或者您可以使用文件资源管理器^{(File Explorer)}。找到要扫描的文件并右键单击它。选择“使用 Windows Defender 扫描^{(Scan with Windows Defender)}”选项。

离线扫描^{(Offline Scans)}

有时计算机会感染难以清除的恶意软件。在加载操作系统之前，您需要在安全的环境中启动防病毒软件。

Windows Defender 的脱机是从Windows外部执行恶意软件扫描的防病毒解决方案。如果您的浏览器被劫持或威胁已破坏您的Internet连接，请使用离线方法。^{(Offline method)}

添加或删除排除项^{(Add Or Remove Exclusions)}

要从扫描中排除任何文件或文件夹，请单击病毒^(Virus)和威胁防护设置屏幕中的管理设置^{(Manage settings)}，然后向下滚动以单击添加或删除排除项^{(Add or remove exclusions)}。

如果已经有一个排除项，您可以通过单击删除排除项^{(Remove an exclusion)}将其删除。

如果文件、进程或文件夹被错误地识别为病毒，请单击 + 符号并选择文件或文件夹以将其从扫描中排除。

使用任务计划程序安排更新^{(Schedule Updates With Task Scheduler)}

• 要更改扫描的运行时间，请在搜索栏中键入任务。^(tasks)
• 找到并单击任务计划程序^{(Task Scheduler)}。

• 打开Task Scheduler后，从左上角打开名为Task Schedule Library的文件夹。 
• 单击Microsoft并向下滚动到Windows。

• 向下滚动并单击左侧菜单中的Windows Defender以查看您当前使用的计划。

• 双击Windows Defender 预设扫描^{(Windows Defender Scheduled Scan)}（如上面的屏幕截图所示）。另一个框将打开，其中包含多个选项。弹出窗口中的设置将使您能够自定义扫描的标准。这些设置称为触发器。  ^{(Triggers.  )}

设置触发器^{(Set Triggers)}

单击触发器^(Triggers)，然后单击新建^(New)以打开一个新触发器。可用于自定义的选项包括：

• 按照时间表
• 启动时
• 空闲时
• 在一个活动上
• 在任务创建/修改时
• 在连接到用户会话时
• 与用户会话断开连接
• 在工作站锁定
• 在工作站解锁

从上面的选项中选择^(Choose)要用于开始扫描的触发器。

下一步是从以下选项中确定您希望运行扫描的频率：

• 一度
• 日常
• 每周
• 月刊

对于每日^(Daily)选项，系统将提示您选择开始日期和时间。如果您想在所有时区同步^{(Synchronize across all time zones)}，请勾选该框。

在Advanced settings下，您可以选择：

• 延迟任务
• 重复任务
• 停止任务

使用这些高级设置^{(Advanced settings)}来准确自定义扫描运行的时间和环境。单击确定^(OK)以保存您的设置。

新任务现在将显示在Trigger下。您可以随时编辑或删除它。如果您发现扫描在工作时会降低计算机速度，请将它们设置为在您不在的时候在夜间运行。

如何查找扫描结果^{(How to Find Scan Results)}

运行Windows Defender扫描时会记录结果。要查看它们，请通过从“开始”菜单中搜索Defender来打开^(Defender)Windows 安全应用程序。^{(Windows Security)}

• 单击病毒和威胁防护^{(Virus & threat protection)}，然后单击保护历史记录^{(Protection history)}。

• 要仅查看已清理的项目或隔离的项目，请单击“过滤器^(Filters)”下拉菜单。默认情况下，您将看到所有已被阻止、清理或隔离的项目，以防止它们在您的计算机上运行。

• 单击查看详细信息^{(See details)}或下拉箭头以查看在您的计算机上发现的所有威胁（如果有）的列表。突出显示^(Highlight)每个项目以查看它。Windows Defender为威胁分配警告级别，以帮助您评估每个项目并决定如何处理它。
• 选中威胁旁边的框，然后删除^(Remove)或恢复^(Restore)它。Microsoft建议不要恢复具有高或严重威胁等级的任何内容。

Windows Defender会定期扫描您的设备，通过其实时保护使其免受恶意威胁。

如上所述，用户还可以选择运行按需扫描并根据最适合他们的时间和频率自定义计划。

How To Set Your Own Scan Schedule For Windows Defender Antivirus

Windows Defender, which is one part of the Windows Security suite of tools, is an antivirus Windows 10 App that comes pre-installed on Windows 10 computers. Its purpose is to keep your system secure from spyware, malware, and viruses.

Running in the background, Windows Defender monitors your computer in real-time and takes cleanup actions when it finds security issues. It updates virus definitions regularly to safeguard your computer.

For those who want more control over updates, Windows Defender enables users to customize options if they want to temporarily disable real-time protection or add processes, files, or folders.

You can also choose to run an on-demand scan for individual endpoints. Once you define the parameters for the scan, such as location or type, it will run immediately.

If you click on a suspicious link or want to be sure you didn’t expose your computer to anything malicious, you can run an on-demand scan rather than wait for a scheduled one.  

Run Windows Defender Antivirus on your own schedule or on-demand at any time. In this article, we will discuss:

• Full Scan vs Quick Scans
• Quick Scans
• Full Scans
• Custom Scans
• Offline Scans
• Add or Remove Exclusions
• Schedule Updates with Task Scheduler
• Set Triggers
• How to Find Scan Results

Full Scan vs Quick Scans

Windows Defender runs two types of scans. Whether you set it up on a schedule or on-demand, you can choose to run a quick or full scan in the settings.

A quick scan looks for malicious threats in the areas that are most likely to be the subject of attacks such as memory and common locations.

A full scan is more thorough and checks every file, folder, task, and process on your computer. The more you have on your computer, the longer the scan will take.

You can use your computer while a full scan is running, but it will take the scan longer and could slow down your system. 

Run full scans at night when you are not using the computer to avoid interference.

Quick Scans

• Start by launching the Windows Defender security app on your Window 10 PC.
• Search for Windows Security in the lower left-hand corner of your desktop. Or you can scroll through your apps and click on it. 

• This will bring you to the Security at a glance section.

• This is where you will perform most of your security actions. To manually start an on-demand scan, click on Virus & threat protection and then Quick scan.

Most of the scans you will need to do will be quick scans. Windows will check the memory and common locations where viruses are most likely to infect. It will also let you know when the scan is complete and identify anything that looks suspicious. You can then delete or quarantine the malicious content.

Or you can act on any of the other recommendations to remove or lock the threats so that they can’t hurt your computer. If you haven’t updated your Virus & threat protection settings in a while, you should. 

Windows Defender detects threats to your computer by files called definitions. When Microsoft finds new viruses, malware, or spyware, they add it to a list. Click on Check for updates under Virus and Threat Protection Updates.

Having the most up-to-date list will help keep your computer safe from malicious files that can wreak havoc on your machine.

Full Scans

Periodically it is a good idea to run a full scan, ideally overnight when you are not using the computer. Full scans take much longer because they check every process, folder, task, and file.

Follow the steps outlined above to go to the Virus and threat protection screen and then click on Scan options.

The larger your hard drive, the more memory you have installed, the number of applications and amount of data you have on your computer, the longer this scan will take.

Choose Full scan to check all the files and processes on your hard drive, and then click on Scan now.

Custom Scans

If you suspect a specific file or folder has been compromised, follow the steps above to get to the Advanced scan screen.

• Choose the Custom option. Select the location of the files or folders you want to check.
• Or you can use File Explorer. Locate the file you want to scan and right-click on it. Select the option that says Scan with Windows Defender.

Offline Scans

Sometimes computers can get infected with malware that is difficult to remove. You will need to boot an antivirus in a safe environment before the operating system is loaded.

Windows Defender’s offline is the antivirus solution to perform malware scans from outside of Windows. Use the Offline method if your browser was hijacked or a threat has compromised your Internet connection.

Add Or Remove Exclusions

To exclude any file or folder from a scan, click Manage settings from the Virus & threat protection settings screen and then scroll down to click on Add or remove exclusions.

If there is already an exclusion, you can delete it by clicking Remove an exclusion.

If a file, process or folder was falsely identified as a virus, click the + symbol and select the file or folder to exclude it from scans.

Schedule Updates With Task Scheduler

• To change when your scans run, type tasks into the search bar.
• Locate and click on Task Scheduler.

• Once you open Task Scheduler, from the top left-hand corner, open the folder called Task Schedule Library. 
• Click on Microsoft and scroll down to Windows.

• Scroll down and click on Windows Defender in the left menu to see the schedules you are currently using.

• Double-click on Windows Defender Scheduled Scan (shown in the screenshot above). Another box will open with several options. The settings in the popup will enable you to customize the criteria for your scans. These settings are called Triggers.  

Set Triggers

Click on Triggers and then New to open a new trigger. The options available to customize are:

• On schedule
• At startup
• On idle
• On an event
• At task creation/modification
• On connection to a user session
• On disconnect from a user session
• On workstation lock
• On workstation unlock

Choose which trigger you want to use to start your scan from the options above.

The next step is to decide how often you want to run the scan from the following options:

• One time
• Daily
• Weekly
• Monthly

For the Daily option, you will be prompted to select the start date and time. If you want to Synchronize across all time zones, tick off the box.

Under Advanced settings, you can choose to:

• Delay the task
• Repeat the task
• Stop the task

Use these Advanced settings to customize exactly when and under what circumstances your scans run. Click OK to save your settings.

The new task will now show up under Trigger. You can edit or delete it any time. If you find that scans slow down your computer while working, set them to run at night when you are not.

How to Find Scan Results

The results are recorded when you run a Windows Defender scan. To view them, open the Windows Security app by searching for Defender from the Start menu.

• Click Virus & threat protection and then Protection history.

• To see only cleaned items or quarantined items, click on the Filters drop down. By default, you will see all items that have been blocked, cleaned or quarantined to prevent them from running on your computer.

• Click on See details or the drop down arrow to view a list of all threats, if any, that were found on your computer. Highlight each item to review it. Windows Defender assigns a warning level to threats to help you evaluate each item and decide what to do with it.
• Check the box next to the threat and either Remove or Restore it. Microsoft recommends not restoring anything with a high or severe threat rating.

Windows Defender scans your device regularly to keep it safe from malicious threats with its real-time protection.

As explained above, users can also choose to run on-demand scans and customize a schedule based on the time and frequency that works best for them.

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