您是否经常在Windows 10(Windows 10)中遇到空白图标？该问题可能仅限于桌面上的少数快捷方式。或者，它可能很普遍并影响其他区域，例如“开始(Start)”菜单和任务栏。
考虑到图标在帮助您区分应用程序和文件类型方面的重要性，您必须尽快解决这个问题。
通过下面的解决方案列表来修复Windows 10中的空白图标。如果您也遇到空白缩略图问题，请查看我们的修复Windows 10 中的缩略图预览指南以(guide to fixing thumbnail previews in Windows 10)获取更多修复。
重新启动文件资源管理器
如果Windows 10(Windows 10)中的空白图标问题最近才出现，最好通过重新启动文件资源管理器(File Explorer)来解决问题。那可能最终会永久解决问题。
1. 按Ctrl + Shift + Esc打开任务管理器。
2. 选择更多详细信息(More details)以展开默认的任务管理器(Task Manager)视图。
3. 在进程(Process)选项卡 下找到并选择Windows 资源管理器。(Windows Explorer)
4. 选择重新启动(Restart)。随着操作系统重新启动文件资源管理器(File Explorer)，桌面和任务栏将在几秒钟内消失并重新出现。
5. 退出任务管理器。
如果这不能解决问题，请在继续进行其余修复之前重新启动计算机。
重置图标缓存
如果重新启动文件资源管理器(File Explorer)或您的 PC 没有帮助，损坏的图标缓存是问题的最可能原因。删除图标缓存会有所帮助。最快的方法是通过提升的命令提示符(Command Prompt)控制台运行多个命令。
1. 按Windows + R打开运行框。
2. 键入cmd并按Control + Shift + Enter。这会加载具有管理权限的命令提示符。(Command Prompt)
3. 键入以下命令并按Enter关闭文件资源管理器：
taskkill /f /im explorer.exe
4. 依次运行以下两条命令，删除图标缓存：
cd %homepath%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Explorer
del iconcache*
5. 运行以下命令重新启动文件资源管理器(File Explorer)：
资源管理器.exe(explorer.exe)
重新启动计算机，Windows 10将随着时间的推移开始重建图标缓存。
更新显示驱动程序
过时的显示驱动程序可能会导致图形异常并阻止 Windows 10 正确呈现图标。通过访问硬件制造商的网站检查并安装任何较新的版本。或者使用免费的驱动程序更新工具(use a free driver updater tool)来更新您计算机上的显卡驱动程序。
此外，通过Windows 10(Windows 10)中的设备管理器(Device Manager)检查图形卡的属性还为您提供了识别驱动程序版本的机会。您还可以安装任何下载的更新（如果您无法正常安装它们）或回滚到以前的驱动程序版本(roll back to a previous driver version)（如果问题发生在最近的驱动程序更新之后）。
1. 按Windows + X或右键单击开始(Start)按钮。在显示的高级用户菜单(Power User Menu)上，选择设备管理器(Device Manager)。
2. 展开显示适配器(Display Adapters )并双击您的视频适配器以访问其属性(Properties)窗格。
3. 切换到驱动程序(Driver)选项卡以查看驱动程序详细信息以及更新或回滚显示驱动程序的选项。
更新 Windows 10
有缺陷(Buggy)或过时的系统文件是阻止桌面、任务栏或“开始(Start)”菜单正常运行的另一个原因。安装最新更新有助于修复Windows 10中的空白图标等问题。
1. 打开开始(Start)菜单并转到设置(Settings)>更新和安全(Update & Security)> Windows 更新(Windows Update)。
2. 选择检查更新(Check for updates)。
3. 选择下载(Download )或安装(Install)以应用可用更新。
如果您在更新Windows 10(Windows 10)时遇到问题，请了解如何修复 Windows 更新(fix Windows Update)。
更新应用
如果问题仅限于与应用程序相关的特定图标或快捷方式，请尝试更新它。打开Microsoft Store中的(Microsoft Store)更多(More)菜单（选择带有三个点的图标），然后选择下载和更新(Downloads and updates)以安装Microsoft Store应用程序的最新更新。
对于您在Microsoft Store之外下载的应用，请在应用内查找任何更新选项。例如，某些程序（如 iTunes）也有专门的更新管理器，您可以通过“开始(Start)”菜单直接访问它们。
重新安装或修复应用程序
如果更新应用程序没有帮助，请尝试修复或重新安装它。根据程序的不同，您可以选择两者都做。
1. 按Windows + X并选择应用程序和功能(Apps and Features)。
2.找到(Locate)并选择有问题的应用程序。
3. 选择高级选项(Advanced options)或修改(Modify)。
4. 选择修复(Repair)以修复安装。
如果重新安装应用程序没有任何作用（或者如果该选项不可用），请选择卸载(Uninstall)以删除应用程序。然后，您必须从Microsoft Store或开发者网站重新下载该程序。
设置自定义图标
对于Windows 10中显示在桌面上的空白图标，您可以尝试自定义它们。为此，您可以使用Windows 10(Windows 10)中的任何预建图标。
1. 右键单击空白图标并选择属性(Properties)。
2. 切换到快捷方式(Shortcut)选项卡并选择更改图标(Change Icon)。
3. 选择一个匹配的图标或选择浏览(Browse)图标来选择一个下载的图标文件。
4. 选择确定(OK)。
5. 选择应用(Apply)，然后选择确定(OK)。
检查恶意软件
如果空白图标继续困扰您的 PC（或问题在一段时间后再次出现），我们建议您花时间从等式中排除恶意软件。
使用内置的Windows 安全(Windows Security)小程序或专用的免费反恶意软件实用程序(dedicated free anti-malware utility)来扫描并从您的计算机中删除恶意软件。
运行 SFC 和 DISM 工具
如果上述修复均无效，请尝试运行系统文件检查器和 DISM 工具(System File Checker and DISM tool)。这两个命令行实用程序都有助于修复Windows 10中的系统错误和稳定性问题。它们可以帮助修复导致Windows 10中出现空白图标的问题。
1. 打开提升的命令提示符(Command Prompt)控制台。
2. 键入以下命令并按Enter运行系统文件检查器：
sfc /scannow
3.系统文件检查器(System File Checker)完成扫描系统后，键入以下命令运行DISM工具：
dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth
DISM工具可能需要很(DISM)长时间才能完成。之后重新启动计算机并检查Windows 10是否再次开始正确呈现图标。
你还能做什么？
上面的修复应该可以帮助您修复Windows 10中的空白图标。但是，如果问题仍然存在，您可能希望将操作系统回滚(roll back the operating system)到没有问题的时候。您也可以尝试重置 Windows 10 ，尤其是在整个(resetting Windows 10)GUI（图形用户界面）中继续出现空白图标时。但它可能不会到那个地步。
How to Fix Blank Icons in Windows 10
Do you keep coming across blank icons in Windows 10? The issue could be limited to a handful of shortcuts on the desktoр. Or, it may be widespread and affect other areas such as the Start menu and taskbаr.
Considering how essential icons are in helping you distinguish between applications and file types, you must fix that as soon as possible.
Work your way through the list of solutions below to fix blank icons in Windows 10. If you also have issues with blank thumbnails, check our guide to fixing thumbnail previews in Windows 10 for more fixes.
Restart File Explorer
If the issue with blank icons in Windows 10 showed up only recently, it’s best to kick things off by restarting File Explorer. That just might end up fixing the issue for good.
1. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc to open the Task Manager.
2. Select More details to expand the default Task Manager view.
3. Locate and select Windows Explorer under the Process tab.
4. Select Restart. The desktop and taskbar will disappear and reappear within the span of a few seconds as the operating system reboots File Explorer.
5. Exit the Task Manager.
If that didn’t fix the problem, restart your computer before moving on with the rest of the fixes.
Reset the Icon Cache
If restarting File Explorer or your PC doesn’t help, a corrupt icon cache is the most likely reason for the issue. Deleting the icon cache can help. The fastest way to do that is to run several commands via an elevated Command Prompt console.
1. Press Windows + R to open the Run box.
2. Type cmd and press Control + Shift + Enter. That loads the Command Prompt with administrative privileges.
3. Type the following command and press Enter to shut down File Explorer:
taskkill /f /im explorer.exe
4. Run the two commands below, one after the other, to delete the icon cache:
cd %homepath%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Explorer
del iconcache*
5. Run the command below to relaunch File Explorer:
explorer.exe
Restart your computer, and Windows 10 will begin rebuilding the icon cache over time.
Update the Display Driver
An outdated display driver can cause graphical anomalies and prevent Windows 10 from rendering icons correctly. Check for and install any newer versions by visiting the hardware manufacturer’s website. Or use a free driver updater tool to get the video card drivers on your computer up-to-date.
Additionally, checking your graphics card’s properties via the Device Manager in Windows 10 also provides you with an opportunity to identify the driver version. You also get to install any downloaded updates (if you have trouble installing them normally) or roll back to a previous driver version (if the issue occurred after the most recent driver update).
1. Press Windows + X or right-click the Start button. On the Power User Menu that shows up, select Device Manager.
2. Expand Display Adapters and double-click your video adapter to access its Properties pane.
3. Switch to the Driver tab to view the driver details and options to update or roll back the display driver.
Update Windows 10
Buggy or outdated system files is another reason that can prevent the desktop, taskbar or the Start menu from functioning correctly. Installing the latest updates can help fix things like blank icons in Windows 10.
1. Open the Start menu and go to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update.
2. Select Check for updates.
3. Select Download or Install to apply available updates.
If you have trouble updating Windows 10, learn how to fix Windows Update.
Update App
If the issue is limited to a specific icon or shortcut related to an application, try updating it. Open the More menu within the Microsoft Store (select icon with three dots) and select Downloads and updates to install the latest updates for Microsoft Store apps.
For apps you downloaded outside of the Microsoft Store, look for any update options inside the app. For example, some programs—such as iTunes—also have dedicated update managers that you can access directly via the Start menu.
Reinstall or Repair App
If updating an app doesn’t help, try repairing or reinstalling it. Depending on the program, you may have the option to do both.
1. Press Windows + X and select Apps and Features.
2. Locate and select the app in question.
3. Select Advanced options or Modify.
4. Select Repair to repair the installation.
If reinstalling the app doesn’t do anything (or if the option isn’t available), select Uninstall to remove the app. You must then redownload the program from the Microsoft Store or the developer’s website.
Set Up a Custom Icon
For blank icons in Windows 10 that show up on the desktop, you can try customizing them. You can use any of the pre-built icons in Windows 10 for that.
1. Right-click a blank icon and select Properties.
2. Switch to the Shortcut tab and select Change Icon.
3. Pick a matching icon or select the Browse icon to select a downloaded icon file.
4. Select OK.
5. Select Apply, then OK.
Check for Malware
If blank icons continue to plague your PC (or the issue recurs after a while), we recommend taking the time to rule out malware from the equation.
Use the built-in Windows Security applet or a dedicated free anti-malware utility to scan for and remove malicious software from your computer.
Run SFC and DISM Tool
If none of the fixes above worked, try running the System File Checker and DISM tool. Both command-line utilities help fix system errors and stability issues in Windows 10. They can help repair issues causing blank icons in Windows 10.
1. Open an elevated Command Prompt console.
2. Type the following command and press Enter to run the System File Checker:
sfc /scannow
3. After the System File Checker finishes scanning the system, type the following command to run the DISM tool:
dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth
The DISM tool can take a significant amount of time to complete. Restart your computer afterward and check if Windows 10 starts rendering icons correctly again.
What Else Can You Do?
The fixes above should have helped you fix blank icons in Windows 10. However, if the issue persists, you might want to roll back the operating system to when you didn’t have the problem. You can also try resetting Windows 10, especially if blank icons continue to appear throughout the GUI (graphical user interface). But it likely won’t come to that.
