Excel是一个强大的工具，可用于为少量或大量数据创建图表和图形。在本Excel 教程(Excel tutorial)中，我将向您展示如何获取一小组数据并创建一个简单的条形图(bar graph)，以及您必须自定义图表的选项。一旦你掌握了基础知识，你就可以在更大的数据集上使用这些相同的技术。
首先(First)，我为我们的示例创建了一组学生测试(student test)数据。有八名学生在四次考试中取得了成绩。要将其制成图表，您首先要选择整个数据范围，包括标题（Test 1等）。
现在您的数据已如上所示选择，继续并单击功能区界面上的(ribbon interface)插入(Insert)选项卡。向右一点，您将看到图表(Charts)部分，如下所示。
默认情况下，它会尝试列出最常见的图表类型，例如Column、Line、Pie、Bar、Area和Scatter。如果您想要不同类型的图表，只需单击其他图表(Charts)。对于我们的示例，我们将尝试使用柱形图(column chart)来可视化数据。单击(Click)列，然后选择您想要的图表类型。(Column)有很多选择！另外，不用担心，因为如果您选择了不喜欢的图表，只需单击鼠标即可轻松更改为另一种图表类型。(chart type)
因此，现在Excel将根据数据创建图表并将其转储到工作表的某个位置。而已！您已经在Excel(Excel)中创建了您的第一个图形/图表，实际上只需要几分钟。创建图表很容易，但是制作图表后您可以对图表执行的操作是Excel如此出色的工具的原因。
在上面的例子中，我在X 轴上看到每个人，在(X axis)Y 轴上(Y axis)看到考试成绩。每个学生的考试成绩都有四个条形图。这很好，但如果我想以不同的方式可视化数据怎么办？好吧，默认情况下，添加图表后，您将在功能区顶部看到一个名为“图表工具(Chart Tools)”的新部分，其中包含三个选项卡：设计(Design)、布局(Layout)和格式(Format)。在这里，当涉及到新图表时，您可以更改阳光下的一切。
您可以做的一件巧妙的事情是单击“数据(Data)”下的“Switch Row/Column” ，图表将随着数据的切换而立即更改。现在这是图表在相同数据下的样子，但X 和 Y(X and Y)已切换。
这个图表也很有用，因为现在我可以看到所有学生每次考试的分数。当数据显示为这样时，很容易在每次测试中挑选出谁做得最好和谁做得最差。现在让我们通过添加一些标题等来使我们的图表更漂亮一点。一个简单的方法是单击Chart Layouts(Chart Layouts)下顶部带有一条线的小向下箭头。在这里，您将看到我们可以更改布局的多种不同方式。
如果您选择上面显示的那个，您的图表现在看起来像这样，并为您添加了额外的轴标题。随意选择其他布局，看看图表如何变化。您可以随时更改布局，它不会以任何方式弄乱图表。
现在只需双击文本框，您就可以给X 和 Y(X and Y)轴一个标题，同时也给图表一个标题。接下来让我们转到Charts Tools下的(Charts Tools)Layout选项卡。这是一个非常重要的选项卡，因为您可以在此处调整图表的几乎所有小细节。我最喜欢的部分是功能区的左侧，称为Current Selection。
有一个下拉框可让您选择图表的任何特定部分，然后您可以单击“格式选择(Format Selection)”来更改该部分的设置。在这里，您可以看到您可以选择的所有不同部分：
假设我点击Horizontal (Category) Axis然后点击Format Selection。我将得到一个对话框窗口(dialog window)，可以让我调整该对象的所有属性。在这种情况下，我可以添加阴影、旋转文本、添加背景颜色(background color)等。
沿着仍然在Layout下的功能区移动，您会在Labels、Axes和Background部分看到许多其他选项。继续点击这些并尝试它们，看看它们对图表有什么样的影响。您可以使用这些选项真正自定义图表。这里的大多数选项基本上可以让您将事物移动到图表上的不同位置。
最后，图表工具下的(Chart Tools)格式(Format)选项卡可让您调整图表每个部分的格式。同样(Again)，您可以使用左侧的当前选择工具，然后更改边框样式、字体样式、对象排列等。(Current Selection tool)
为了好玩，我为图表上的所有文本添加了反射效果(reflection effect)，并为整个图表提供了从后到前的 3D 效果，而不仅仅是平坦的。
在Excel 中(Excel)，您可以创建比我在这里展示的更复杂的图表，但本教程只是为了让您了解创建图表的基础知识。如果您对教程或您自己的图表有任何疑问，请发表评论。享受！
How to Make a Simple Graph or Chart in Excel
Excel is a powerfυl tool that you can use to create charts аnd graphs for small or large amounts of data. Іn this Exсel tutorіal, I’ll show you how to take a small set of data and create a simple bar graрh, along with the options you have to cuѕtomіze the graph. Once you have the basicѕ down, you can uѕe those same techniqueѕ on larger sets of data.
First off, I’ve created a set of student test data for our example. There are eight students with their test scores on four exams. To make this into a chart, you first want to select the entire range of data, including the titles (Test 1, etc).
Now that your data is selected as shown above, go ahead and click on the Insert tab on the ribbon interface. A little to the right, you’ll see the Charts section as shown below.
By default, it tries to list out the most common types of charts such as Column, Line, Pie, Bar, Area, and Scatter. If you want a different type of chart, just click on Other Charts. For our example, we will try use a column chart to visualize the data. Click on Column and then select the type of chart you would like. There are many options! Also, don’t worry because if you pick a chart you don’t like, you can easily change to another chart type with just a click of your mouse.
So now Excel will create the chart based on the data and dump it somewhere on your sheet. That’s it! You have created your first graph/chart in Excel and it literally takes just a few minutes. Creating a chart is easy, but what you can do with your chart after making it is what makes Excel such a great tool.
In the above example, I see each person along the X axis and the test scores on the Y axis. Each student has four bars for their respective test scores. That’s great, but what if I wanted to visualize the data in a different way? Well, by default, once the chart is added, you’ll see a new section at the top of the ribbon called Chart Tools with three tabs: Design, Layout and Format. Here you can change everything under the sun when it comes to your new chart.
One neat thing you can do is click on Switch Row/Column under Data and the chart will instantly change with the data switched. Now here’s what the chart looks like with the same data, but with X and Y switched.
This chart is useful too because now I can see the scores for all the students per exam. It’s very easy to pick out who did the best and who did the worst on each test when the data is displayed like this. Now let’s make our chart a little nicer by adding some titles, etc. An easy way to do this is to click on the little down arrow with a line on top of it under Chart Layouts. Here you’ll see a bunch of different ways we can change the layout.
If you pick the one shown above, you chart will now look like this with the additional axis titles added for you. Feel free to choose other layouts just to see how the chart changes. You can always change the layout and it won’t mess up the chart in any way.
Now just double-click on the text boxes and you can give the X and Y axis a title along with giving the chart a title also. Next let’s move on to the Layout tab under Charts Tools. This is a very important tab because you can tweak pretty much every little detail about your chart here. The best part I like is right on the left part of the ribbon called Current Selection.
There’s a drop down box that lets you pick any specific part of the chart and then you can click Format Selection to change the settings for just that one part. Here you can see all the different sections you can select:
Suppose I click on Horizontal (Category) Axis and then click on Format Selection. I’ll get a dialog window that will let me adjust any and all properties for that object. In this case, I can add shadows, rotate the text, add a background color, etc.
Moving along the ribbon still under Layout, you’ll see a bunch of other options in the Labels, Axes, and Background sections. Go ahead and click on these and try them out to see what kind of effect they have on the chart. You can really customize your chart using these options. Most of the options here basically let you move things to different locations on the chart.
Finally, the Format tab under Chart Tools will let you adjust the formatting on every part of the chart. Again, you can use the Current Selection tool on the left and then change the border styles, font styles, arrangement of objects, etc.
For the fun of it, I added a reflection effect to all the text on the chart and gave the whole chart a 3D effect of coming from the back to the front instead of just flat.
In Excel, you can create far more complicated charts than the one I have shown here, but this tutorial was just to get your feet wet and understand the basics of creating a chart. If you have any questions about the tutorial or you own chart, please leave a comment. Enjoy!
