如果您没有使事情自动化，那么您就错过了计算机这一点。计算机的真正目的是做人类不想再做的乏味、重复的事情。
批处理文件是自动化任务的最佳方式之一。再加上安排这些批处理文件的能力，您就拥有了一个强大的生产力工具。
使用任务计划程序在Windows(Windows Using Task Scheduler)中计划批处理文件(Batch Files)
在制作批处理文件以自动化作业(make a batch file to automate a job)后，您会希望它定期运行。最简单的方法是使用Windows中内置的任务计划(Task Scheduler)程序。它是一种按计划自动运行作业的工具(tool that automatically runs jobs on a schedule)。
- 选择 Windows开始(Start)按钮并键入scheduler。最高的结果应该是Windows Task Scheduler。
任务计划程序(Task Scheduler)已经有许多计划任务。Windows 和程序也使用计划任务。
- 为您的任务创建一个新文件夹，这样您就不会在此处已经存在的其他任务中丢失它。右键单击(Right-click)任务计划程序库(Task Scheduler Library)并选择新建文件夹...(New Folder…)或在窗口右侧的操作窗格中选择(Actions)新建文件夹。(New Folder)
- 输入新文件夹的名称。让它变得有意义。
- 右键单击(Right-click)新文件夹并选择Create Task...或在Actions窗格中选择Create Task...。
- 创建任务(Create Task )窗口将在常规选项(General )卡上打开。在名称：(Name: )字段中为任务输入一个有意义的名称。在描述：(Description:)字段中，写下任务的作用。放置它调用的脚本的位置是个好主意。这使得将来更改任务和脚本变得更加容易。
请注意更改用户或组(Change User or Group )按钮。这允许您在不同的用户下运行脚本。如果您的批处理文件需要管理员(Administrator)权限，您应该将用户更改为管理员(Administrator)。它会询问您管理员(Administrator)的密码，因此它不是接管计算机的捷径。
另外，请注意，脚本将仅在用户登录时运行(Run only when the user is logged on)。如果您希望它随时运行，您可以将其更改为无论用户是否登录都运行。(Run whether user is logged on or not )
注意其他选项。对于大多数任务，默认值就足够了。请注意，如果需要，您可以进行这些更改。
- 选择触发器(Triggers )选项卡。触发器将决定任务何时运行。选择新建(New )以创建触发器。
- New Trigger窗口中有许多选项。环顾四周，看看你的选择是什么。
- 使用开始任务(Begin the tasks)下拉菜单选择基本触发器任务。选项包括：
- 按计划
- 登录时
- 启动时
- 空闲时
- 在一个活动上
- 在任务创建/修改时
- 在连接到用户会话时
- 与用户会话断开连接
- 在工作站锁定
- 在工作站解锁
On a schedule是最受欢迎的一个，也是我们将用于本练习的那个。
- 还有用于调度设置(Setting)的选项。选择包括：
我们为此示例选择了Daily 。您还可以决定计划何时开始和重复。
- 在高级设置(Advanced settings)下，您可以设置更多关于任务触发方式的参数。该任务被设置为每 5 分钟(repeat every 5 minutes)无限期地(indefinitely)重复一次。请注意，启用(Enabled )框默认处于选中状态。这是在排除计划任务无法运行的原因(troubleshooting why a scheduled task won’t run)时首先检查的地方。设置触发器后选择确定。(OK )
- 选择Actions选项卡，然后选择New以告诉计划任务它将做什么。
- 在下拉菜单中操作：(Action:)您可以选择：
最后两个已弃用，不再受支持。安排批处理文件时最好不要使用它们。将其保留为默认启动程序(Start a program)。
输入脚本的完整路径。使用浏览(Browse )按钮转到脚本，然后选择它。Add arguments和Start in 字段(Start in fields )
为空。当您进行更复杂的脚本和任务时，您可能会使用这些。您肯定需要这些来安排 PowerShell 脚本(schedule PowerShell scripts)。选择确定(OK )继续。
- 任务已安排。选择确定(OK )关闭窗口并返回任务计划程序(Task Scheduler)。选择您刚刚完成的任务并进行测试。右键单击任务并选择运行(Run )或在操作(Actions )窗格中选择运行。(Run )
任务完成后，查看Last Run Result列。您应该看到操作成功完成(The operation completed successfully)。
如果它显示其他内容，请尝试使用F5按钮刷新屏幕。如果它仍然显示其他内容，则说明您的脚本或您安排任务的方式有问题。您需要进行一些故障排除。
条件和设置选项卡(Settings Tabs)怎么样？
是的，在上述说明中我们没有讨论两个选项卡。对于大多数任务，您不需要进入这些选项卡。它们中设置了默认值，通常最好不要管它。不过，让我们看一下标签。
创建任务 - 条件
这些设置与计算机的状态有关。如果任务占用大量资源或会打断使用它的人，请更改空闲(Idle )部分。
电源(Power )部分默认为仅在计算机使用交流电源时启动任务(Start the task only if the computer is on AC power )，如果计算机切换到电池电源已选中则停止。(Stop if the computer switches to battery power )
在大多数情况下，当您安排批处理文件时，可以将它们选中。我们将一些计算机设置为在不使用时进入睡眠状态以节省电量。如果计算机处于睡眠状态，则任务将不会运行。如果是这种情况，您需要选中唤醒计算机以运行此任务(Wake the computer to run this task )框。
如今，计算机几乎总是连接到网络。不过，如果您的任务依赖于可靠的网络连接，请更改网络(Network )部分。
创建任务 - 设置
设置(Settings )选项卡与任务的行为相关。这意味着任务是如何运行的。默认情况下选中允许按需运行任务。(Allow task to be run on demand )其他选择与任务被跳过或失败的情况有关。
有些任务可能会陷入循环，或者因为不满足触发条件而无法运行。这些是您需要调整的设置。对于大多数任务，默认设置都很好。
我可以用计划的批处理文件(Scheduled Batch Files)做什么？
一旦您知道如何安排任务，大脑就可以与要自动化的事物的想法竞争。您可以自动删除文件(auto delete files)，将收藏的程序设置为在登录时打开(set favorite programs to open on login)，或自动清除(automatically clear the print queue)失败作业的打印队列。无论您重复执行什么任务，您都可以编写脚本并安排它。
How to Schedule a Batch File in Windows
If you’re not аutomating things, you’re missing оut on the pоint of comрuters. The real purpose of computers is to do tedious, repetitive things humans don’t want to dо anymore.
Batch files are one of the best ways to automate tasks. Add on to that the ability to schedule those batch files and you’ve got a powerful productivity tool.
Scheduling Batch Files in Windows Using Task Scheduler
After you make a batch file to automate a job, you’ll want it to run regularly. The easiest way to do that is with the Task Scheduler built into Windows. It’s a tool that automatically runs jobs on a schedule.
- Select the Windows Start button and type scheduler. The top result should be Windows Task Scheduler.
Task Scheduler will have many scheduled tasks already. Windows and programs use scheduled tasks, too.
- Make a new folder for your tasks so you don’t lose it amongst the other tasks already here. Right-click on Task Scheduler Library and select New Folder… or select New Folder in the Actions pane on the right side of the window.
- Enter a name for the new folder. Make it something meaningful.
- Right-click on the new folder and select Create Task… or select Create Task… in the Actions pane.
- The Create Task window will open on the General tab. Enter a meaningful name for the task in the Name: field. In the Description: field, write what the task does. It’s a good idea to put the location of the script that it calls. This makes it easier to change the task and script in the future.
Note the Change User or Group button. This allows you to run the script under a different user. If your batch file requires Administrator permissions, you should change the user to Administrator. It will ask you for the Administrator’s password, so it’s not a shortcut to take over the computer.
Also, note that the script will Run only when the user is logged on. You can change this to Run whether user is logged on or not if you want it to run anytime.
Note the other options. For most tasks, the default values are sufficient. Be aware that you can make these changes if needed.
- Select the Triggers tab. Triggers are what will decide when a task runs. Select New to create a trigger.
- There are many options in the New Trigger window. Look around to see what your options are.
- Select the basic trigger task using the Begin the tasks drop-down menu. Options include:
- On a schedule
- At log on
- At startup
- On idle
- On an event
- At task creation/modification
- On connection to user session
- On disconnect from user session
- On workstation lock
- On workstation unlock
On a schedule is the most popular one and the one we’ll use for this exercise.
- There are options for scheduling Setting as well. Choices include:
- One time
- Daily
- Weekly
- Monthly.
We selected Daily for this example. You can also decide when the schedule starts and recurs.
- Under Advanced settings, you can set more parameters around how the task triggers. This task is being set to repeat every 5 minutes, indefinitely. Note that the Enabled box is checked by default. This is the first place to check when troubleshooting why a scheduled task won’t run. Select OK once you’ve set up the trigger.
- Select the Actions tab and then New to tell the scheduled task what it’s going to do.
- In the drop-down menu Action: you have the choice to:
- Start a program
- Send an email
- Display a message.
The last two are deprecated and not supported options anymore. It’s best not to use them when you schedule batch files. Leave it on the default Start a program.
Enter the full path to the script. Use the Browse button to go to the script, and select it.
The Add arguments and Start in fields are blank. You might use these when you progress to more complicated scripts and tasks. You’ll definitely need these to schedule PowerShell scripts. Select OK to continue.
- The task is scheduled. Select OK to close the window and return to the Task Scheduler. Select the task you just made and test it. Right-click on the task and select Run or select Run in the Actions pane.
When the task finishes, look at the Last Run Result column. You should see The operation completed successfully.
If it says anything else, try using the F5 button to refresh the screen. If it still says anything else, there’s something wrong with your script or the way you scheduled the task. You have some troubleshooting to do.
What About the Conditions and Settings Tabs?
Yes, there are two tabs we didn’t discuss in the above instructions. For most tasks, you don’t need to go into these tabs. There are default values set in them that generally are best left alone. Still, let’s take a look at the tabs.
Create Task – Conditions
These settings relate to the state of the computer. If the task takes a lot of resources or can interrupt the person using it, change the Idle section.
The Power section defaults to having Start the task only if the computer is on AC power and Stop if the computer switches to battery power already checked.
In most cases when you schedule batch files, it’s fine to leave these checked. We set some computers to go to sleep to save power when they’re not being used. If the computer is asleep, the task won’t run. If that’s the case, you’ll want to check the Wake the computer to run this task box.
These days, a computer is almost always connected to a network. Still, if your task depends on a solid network connection, change the Network section.
Create Task – Settings
The Settings tab relates to the behavior of the task. That means how the task is running. The Allow task to be run on demand is checked by default. The other choices relate to situations where a task gets skipped or fails.
Some tasks may get stuck in a loop, or not run because their trigger conditions aren’t met. These are the settings you’d adjust to account for that. For most tasks, the default settings are good.
What Can I Do With Scheduled Batch Files?
Once you know how to schedule tasks, the mind can race with ideas of things to automate. You can auto delete files, set favorite programs to open on login, or automatically clear the print queue of failed jobs. Whatever task you do repeatedly, you can probably script it and schedule it.
