在Windows 7(Windows 7)中经历了一系列更改的旧磁盘碎片整理程序工具在(Disk Defragmenter)Windows 8.1和Windows 10中再次更改。它有一个新名称 -优化驱动器(Optimize Drives)- 以及一些新的内部工作原理，使其能够同时处理硬盘和固态驱动器。因此，在Windows 8.1和Windows 10中优化驱动器与以前版本的Windows中的驱动器有些不同。继续阅读以了解如何在Windows 10和Windows 8.1中优化您的磁盘驱动器，并使您的硬盘性能保持最佳状态：
注意：(NOTE:)本指南涵盖Windows 10 和Windows 8.1。如果您不知道您拥有的Windows版本，请阅读本教程：我安装了哪个版本的Windows ？。对于Windows 7，请阅读如何(How)使用Windows 7 磁盘碎片整理程序(Disk Defragmenter)。
何时在Windows中使用(Windows)优化(Optimize)驱动器。碎片整理与(Defragment versus)修剪(TRIM)。
Optimize Drives应用程序的传统作用是对硬盘进行碎片整理，并且在这方面继续做得很好。虽然Windows一直在对硬盘进行碎片整理，但固态驱动器 ( SSD ) 已经开始取代它们，并且碎片整理不再作为一种优化技术(optimization technique)发挥作用。Windows已经适应，新的Optimize Drives应用程序可以处理硬盘和固态驱动器应用单独的优化程序。
对于硬盘(hard disks)，在对磁盘分区(disk partition)进行碎片整理时，Windows会重新排列存储在磁盘上的文件，以便它们占据连续的存储位置。这样做可以最大限度地减少从磁盘读取和写入文件所需的时间并最大限度地提高传输速率，从而提高对文件的(transfer rate)访问速度(access speed)。您可能还会看到改进的启动时间。
对于固态硬盘(solid state drives)，Optimize Dives应用了一种称为TRIM的技术。虽然碎片整理的重点是提高从磁盘读取信息的速度，但TRIM主要有助于延长固态驱动器(state drive)的使用寿命。有关更多详细信息，请阅读什么是SSD TRIM、为什么有用以及如何检查它是否已打开。
何时不使用Windows中的(Windows)优化(Optimize)驱动器
不要优化USB驱动器。它们具有类似于SSD的行为，但Windows可能会将它们视为硬盘并尝试对它们进行碎片整理。这些类型的驱动器具有不同的文件分配方式，并且它们在停止工作之前具有有限数量的读/写周期。因此(Hence)，对它们进行碎片整理会缩短它们的使用寿命。鉴于USB 记忆(USB memory)棒提供的高读写速度，您应该不会遇到速度减慢的情况。
如何在Windows中启动(Windows)Optimize Drives 碎片整理(Optimize Drives defragmentation)应用程序
在Windows(Windows)中打开Optimize Drives应用程序的最快方法之一是搜索“dfrgui” ，它是("dfrgui")Optimize Drives应用程序的可执行文件的名称。在Windows 10中，单击或点击“碎片整理和优化驱动器”("Defragment and Optimize Drives")搜索结果。
在 Windows 8.1 中，单击或点击搜索结果中的dfrgui。
有关启动Optimize Drives的完整方法列表，请阅读在Windows中启动(Windows)磁盘碎片整理程序(Disk Defragmenter)的12 种方法。
如何在Windows中分析和整理您的驱动器(Windows)
在“优化驱动器”(Optimize Drives)应用程序窗口的“(app window)状态”(Status)部分，您会看到一个列表，其中包含Windows 计算机或设备(Windows computer or device)上存在的所有驱动器。对于每个驱动器，您可以看到其名称、驱动器号、介质类型（例如，固态驱动器(state drive)、硬盘驱动器(disk drive)、可移动驱动器）、上次运行碎片整理的时间和当前状态，即每个分区的碎片状态(fragmentation status)。该列表包括隐藏驱动器，例如安装Windows(Windows)时自动创建的驱动器。当您选择SSD时，分析(Analyze)按钮会变暗，因为分析仅对硬盘有意义。
当您按下优化(Optimize)按钮时，TRIM 程序(TRIM procedure)会立即应用于SSD。当前状态(Current status)列中会显示TRIM 进度(TRIM progress)的百分比。该过程通常运行得非常快。
当您选择一个硬盘时，Windows会激活分析(Analyze)按钮。当您按下它时，Windows将更新硬盘的碎片状态，以便您决定是否值得运行该程序。(fragmentation status)当前状态(Current status)列将指示需要进行碎片整理。如果要选择多个分区，请在单击要分析的分区时按住Ctrl键。然后，单击或点击(click or tap) 全部分析(Analyze all)。
运行磁盘分析(disk analysis)后，您会看到分区的碎片程度。此信息可帮助您决定是否需要对磁盘进行碎片整理。建议在其碎片状态(fragmentation status)超过 20% 时优化驱动器。
要对分区进行碎片整理，请选择它并按Optimize。您也可以在单击要优化的分区时按住Ctrl键。然后，单击或点击(click or tap) 全部(Optimize all)优化以一次在多个分区上运行优化。在工具分析和优化所选分区时，您会在Last run列中看到运行状态，在Current status列中看到(Current status)完成百分比(completion percentage)。如果要中断该过程，请按Stop。
这个工具的好处之一是您可以在运行任何可用操作的同时使用计算机做其他事情。因此，不要等到碎片整理结束后再在Windows 计算机(Windows computer)上进行工作。
如何在Windows中安排(Windows)磁盘优化(disk optimization)
优化驱动器(Optimize Drives)工具为您提供了设置磁盘优化过程(disk optimization process)计划的选项。默认情况下，它设置为每周运行，但您也可以将其设置为每天或每月。该工具无法解释的是计划任务的时间，您需要知道这一点，因为您必须在那时打开您的Windows 计算机或设备。(Windows computer or device)要修改您希望运行Optimize Drives的时间和频率，请按“计划优化(Schedule optimization)”部分中的“更改设置”(Change settings)按钮。
使用频率(Frequency)下拉列表选择碎片整理过程(defragmentation process)的频率：每天、每周或每月。此外，选中“按计划运行”("Run on a schedule,")框，以便打开计划。如果您想在错过三个连续的预定运行时收到通知，请选中相应的选项。
接下来，按选择(Choose)以选择要包含在碎片整理计划(defragmentation schedule)中的磁盘。检查您要定期进行碎片整理的磁盘，并取消选择您不想进行碎片整理的磁盘。请记住，对SSD(SSD)驱动器进行碎片整理是不明智的，因此请务必取消选择它们。如果要对Windows在计划的碎片整理过程中(defragmentation process)找到的新磁盘进行碎片整理，请选择“自动对新驱动器("Automatically defragment new drives")进行碎片整理” 。
完成自定义所有内容后，单击或点按(click or tap) 两次“确定”以应用您的设置。(OK)
你优化你的驱动器了吗？
既然您知道如何在Windows 10和Windows 8.1中对驱动器进行碎片整理，那么您的计算机(Windows 8.1)维护过程(maintenance process)的这一部分应该不会有任何问题。我们建议每次您的系统变慢时都使用它。我们还建议您使用包括碎片整理在内的维护计划(maintenance schedule)，以使您的硬盘保持最佳状态。如果您对此主题有任何疑问，请随时发表评论。
How to defragment and optimize hard disks and partitions in Windows
Τhe good old Disk Defragmenter tool that went through a series of changes in Windows 7 has been changed again in Windows 8.1 and Windows 10. It has a new name - Optimize Drives - and some new inner workings that make it able to deal with both hard disks and solid state drives. As a result, optimizing drives in Windows 8.1 and Windows 10 is a bit different from what it used to be in previous versions of Windows. Read on to learn how to optimize your disk drives in Windows 10 and Windows 8.1, and keep the performance of your hard disks in top shape:
NOTE: This guide covers Windows 10 and Windows 8.1. If you do not know the version of Windows that you have, read this tutorial: What version of Windows do I have installed?. For Windows 7, read How To Use the Windows 7 Disk Defragmenter.
When to use Optimize Drives in Windows. Defragment versus TRIM.
The traditional role of the Optimize Drives app has been to defragment hard disks, and it continues to do a great job in this area. While Windows kept defragmenting hard disks, the solid state drives (SSD's) have started to replace them, and the defragmentation does not work any more as an optimization technique. Windows has adapted, and the new Optimize Drives app can deal with both hard disks and solid state drives applying separate optimization procedures.
For hard disks, when defragmenting a disk partition, Windows rearranges the files stored on the disk so that they occupy contiguous storage locations. Doing this increases the access speed to your files by minimizing the time required to read and write files to and from the disk and by maximizing the transfer rate. You might also see improved startup times.
For solid state drives, Optimize Dives applies a technique called TRIM. While the focus of the defragmentation is to increase the speed of reading information from the disk, TRIM helps primarily with prolonging the lifespan of the solid state drive. For more details, read What is SSD TRIM, why is it useful, and how to check whether it is turned on.
When not to use Optimize Drives in Windows
Do not optimize USB drives. They have a behavior similar to the SSD's, but Windows may treat them as hard disks and try to defragment them. These types of drives have a different way of allocating files, and they have a limited number of read/write cycles before they stop working. Hence, defragmenting them decreases their lifespan. Given the high read and write speeds provided by USB memory sticks, you should not encounter slowdowns.
How to start the Optimize Drives defragmentation app in Windows
One of the fastest ways to open the Optimize Drives application in Windows is to search for "dfrgui" which is the name of the executable file for the Optimize Drives app. In Windows 10, click or tap the "Defragment and Optimize Drives" search result.
In Windows 8.1, click or tap dfrgui in the search results.
For the full list of methods to start Optimize Drives, read 12 ways to start the Disk Defragmenter in Windows.
How to analyze and defragment your drives in Windows
In the Status section of the Optimize Drives app window, you see a list with all the drives that exist on your Windows computer or device. For each drive you see its name, drive letter, the media type (e.g., solid state drive, hard disk drive, removable drive), when the defragmentation was last run and the current status, meaning the fragmentation status of each partition. The list includes hidden drives like the one automatically created when installing Windows. When you select an SSD, the Analyze button is dimmed because the analysis makes sense only for hard disks.
When you press the Optimize button, the TRIM procedure is applied to the SSD immediately. A percentage with the TRIM progress is displayed in the Current status column. The procedure usually runs quite fast.
When you select a hard disk, Windows activates the Analyze button. When you press it, Windows is going to update the fragmentation status of the hard disk so that you can decide whether it is worth running the procedure. The Current status column is going to indicate the need for defragmentation. If you want to select multiple partitions, hold the Ctrl key pressed while clicking the partitions to analyze. Then, click or tap Analyze all.
After running the disk analysis, you see how fragmented the partition is. This information helps you decide whether you need to defragment the disk or not. It is advisable to optimize drives whenever their fragmentation status goes beyond 20%.
To defragment a partition, select it and press Optimize. You can also hold the Ctrl key while clicking the partitions to optimize. Then, click or tap Optimize all to run the optimization on multiple partitions at once. While the tool analyzes and optimizes the selected partitions, you see the running status in the Last run column and the completion percentage in the Current status column. If you want to interrupt the process, press Stop.
One of the good things about this tool is that you can use the computer to do other things while running any of the available operations. Therefore, do not wait for the defragmentation to be over before doing your work on your Windows computer.
How to schedule the disk optimization in Windows
The Optimize Drives tool offers you the option of setting up a schedule for the disk optimization process. By default, this is set to run weekly, but you can also set it to daily or monthly. What the tool fails to explain is the time when that task is scheduled, which you need to know since you must have your Windows computer or device turned on at that time. To modify when and how often you want to run Optimize Drives, press the Change settings button in the Schedule optimization section.
Use the Frequency drop-down list to choose the frequency of the defragmentation process: daily, weekly or monthly. Also, check the box that says "Run on a schedule," so that the schedule is turned on. If you want to be notified if three consecutive scheduled runs are missed, check the option that says so.
Next, press Choose to select which disks you want to include in the defragmentation schedule. Check the disks that you want to be defragmented regularly and deselect those that you don't want to be defragmented. Please remember that it is not wise to defragment SSD drives so make sure to deselect them. Select "Automatically defragment new drives" if you want to defragment the new disks found by Windows at the time of the scheduled defragmentation process.
When you are done customizing everything, click or tap OK twice, to apply your settings.
Did you optimize your drives?
Now that you know how to defrag your drives in Windows 10 and Windows 8.1, you should not have any issues with this part of your computer's maintenance process. We advise using this every time your system slows down. We also recommend using a maintenance schedule that includes defragmentation, so that you keep your hard drives in top shape. If you have any questions on this topic, don't hesitate to leave a comment.
