Windows 后台智能传输服务(Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service)( BITS ) 是帮助程序从 Internet 下载数据和文件的重要组件。(essential component)
如今，程序需要最新的更新(latest updates)、新的内容或配置，而BITS即使在重启后也可以通过暂停和恢复传输来智能地处理网络中断。
BITS中的“智能”还根据可用的空闲网络带宽(network bandwidth)增加或减少文件传输速率。其应用程序指定的传输策略确保如果网络应用程序消耗更多带宽，则降低其传输速率以防止文件在昂贵的网络上传输。
它还提供了一种下载文件以在Windows 10上安装更新的简单方法。这样，即使您退出应用程序，只要您仍然登录，BITS仍会传输文件，并且保持网络连接。如果您注销并重新登录，BITS将在重新建立连接后恢复传输。
但这还不是全部。从2019 年 5 月(May 2019) 更新(Update)开始，BITS现在会在机器插入电源以及处于现代待机模式(Modern Standby mode)时注意电源使用情况并传输文件。
简而言之，它确保您的设备和远程服务器之间的上传和下载继续进行，而不会对网络体验产生任何影响。对于需要将文件上传到HTTP或REST Web 服务器或SMB文件服务器或从其下载文件、注意网络成本、在重新启动或断开连接后自动恢复文件传输或保持其他网络应用程序的响应能力的应用程序，它特别有用。
尽管BITS可能是一项智能服务，但有时它可能无法启动或可能突然完全停止工作。这样做的结果是Microsoft Store或Windows Update等其他服务将无法正常运行。
我们将向您展示在BITS无法启动时进行故障排除和修复的不同方法。
修复后台智能传输服务不工作(Fix Background Intelligent Transfer Service Is Not Working)
- 重启后台智能传输服务(Background Intelligent Transfer Service)
- 扫描您的设备以查找恶意软件
- 使用 BITS 疑难解答
- 使用SFC和DISM命令行工具
- 暂时禁用安全软件
- 从Microsoft Update(Microsoft Update)安装最新的质量更新
- 启用网络位置感知(Network Location Awareness)和网络列表(Network List)服务
- (Change Startup)将启动选择设置更改为正常(Normal)启动
- 编辑注册表
- 重置您的计算机
注意：(Note:)本指南中的说明主要针对Windows 10操作系统。
重启后台智能传输服务(Restart The Background Intelligent Transfer Service)
通常，BITS会在您的计算机启动时自动启动，但如果没有，您可以手动检查并重新启动该服务。
1. 右键单击Start>Run。
2.在运行框中输入services.msc，然后按Enter打开Windows 服务(Windows Services)。
3.从右侧的服务列表中找到后台智能传输服务。(Background Intelligent Transfer Service)
4. 如果BITS正在运行，请右键单击并选择重新启动(Restart)以重新启动服务并修复它可能因某种原因而卡住的任何地方。
5. 如果BITS没有启动，双击Windows Services中的条目，然后将新弹出窗口中的启动类型更改为Automatic。
6. 在服务状态(Service Status)旁边，单击开始(Start)按钮，查看BITS是否再次正常工作。
扫描您的设备以查找恶意软件(Scan Your Device For Malware)
病毒和恶意软件通常以BITS为目标以阻止其正常启动。如果它无法启动，请运行恶意软件或病毒扫描，以确保没有任何东西阻碍BITS在您的设备和其他基于BITS的网络之间提供正确的通信。
如果您安装了良好的防病毒安全软件，则可以使用它，否则尝试一些最好的反恶意软件（如Malwarebytes）运行扫描，然后重新启动计算机以查看BITS问题是否消失。
使用 BITS 疑难解答(Use The BITS Troubleshooter)
BITS疑难解答程序可以修复(BITS)Windows 10中服务的最常见问题。
1. 为此，打开控制面板(Control Panel)并单击右上角的查看方式菜单(View by menu)。单击大图标(Large Icons)。
2. 单击选项列表中的疑难解答(Troubleshooting)。
3. 单击硬件和声音(Hardware and Sound)。
4. 接下来，单击Windows部分下的后台智能传输服务疑难解答。(Background Intelligent Transfer Service troubleshooter)
5. 单击高级(Advanced)。
6. 选择Apply Repairs Automatically > Next。
7. BITS疑难解答程序将开始扫描、检测和修复任何可能阻止其启动或正常工作的问题。
使用 SFC 和 DISM 命令行工具(Use The SFC & DISM Command Line Tool)
如果BITS仍然无法启动，您可以使用系统文件检查器(System File Checker)( SFC ) 和DISM命令行工具来解决问题。
1. 在搜索栏上，输入CMD打开命令提示符(Command Prompt)菜单，然后单击以管理员身份运行(Run as administrator)。
2. 在命令提示符(Command Prompt)窗口中，键入此命令并按Enter 键(Enter)：dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth。这将扫描并修复任何系统文件损坏。
3.接下来，键入此命令并按 Enter：sfc / scannow。
您也可以尝试检查磁盘命令，看看它是否有帮助。在同一命令提示符(Command Prompt)窗口中，键入chkdsk /r /f 并按Enter。
4. 重新启动您的设备，它会被扫描错误，同时更正任何导致BITS无法启动或正常工作的底层错误。
暂时禁用安全软件(Temporarily Disable Security Software)
这是一项临时措施，可帮助您检查是否导致BITS无法启动。您的安全软件可保护您的设备免受病毒和恶意软件等安全威胁，不应禁用。
不过在这种情况下，暂时禁用它，看看BITS是否正常启动。如果是这样，您的防病毒软件可能是原因。否则，请在完成后立即重新启用您的安全软件。
从 Microsoft Update 安装最新的质量更新(Install The Latest Quality Update From Microsoft Update)
如果到目前为止没有任何修复程序起作用，则问题可能出在操作系统上，这可以通过下载最新的 Microsoft 更新来解决。
1.您可以手动执行此操作，但从Windows 10 更新历史(Windows 10 Update History)中检查 KB 参考（知识库）名称，然后通过转到Settings>System>About和确认是否需要 32 位或 64 位更新版本检查系统类型(System Type)。
2.从Microsoft Update 目录(Microsoft Update catalog)(Microsoft Update catalog)下载Windows Update(Windows Update)。在这里，您可以搜索更新的 KB 参考，然后单击下载(Download)以获取 32 位或 64 位版本。
单击(Click).msu链接(.msu)下载文件。
3. 双击.msu 文件(.msu file)，或进入Command Prompt>Run as administrator并键入命令：wusa C:\FOLDER-PATH\UPDATE-NAME.msu /quiet /norestart并回车(Enter)。
4. 重新启动您的计算机，看看该服务是否再次正常工作。
启用网络位置感知和网络列表服务(Enable The Network Location Awareness & Network List Services)
Windows 服务(Services)相互依赖，但是当您单击BITS时， (BITS)Windows 服务(Services)中没有列出两个特定的服务，但它只会在这两个服务正常运行时启动——网络位置感知(Network Location Awareness)和网络列表(Network List)服务。
1. 要启用它们，请右键单击Start>Run 并键入services.msc，然后按Enter。
2. 在 Windows 服务中，找到Network Location Awareness 和 Network List(Network Location Awareness and Network List)服务并右键单击它们以使用我们在上面为BITS描述的启动类型步骤启动它们。
如果每个服务都已启动，请保持原样，但如果每个服务都显示“已停止”，请单击“开始(Start)”按钮重新启动服务。将这些服务的所有启动设置设置为自动(Automatic)，包括BITS。
将启动选择设置更改为正常启动(Change Startup Selection Setting To Normal startup)
默认启动选择设置应为正常(Normal)或选择性(Selective)启动，具体取决于您的计算机。
1. 要更改它，请右键单击Start>Run并键入msconfig。单击系统配置(System Configuration)。
2. 在常规(General)选项卡下，将启动(Startup)选择更改为正常启动(Normal Startup)。
3. 单击应用(Apply)并重新启动计算机，检查BITS服务是否再次正常启动。
4. 返回常规(General)选项卡，然后单击选择性启动(Selective startup)选项。清除加载启动项(Load startup items)复选框。
编辑注册表(Edit The Registry)
注册表编辑器(Registry Editor)要求您仔细注意每个步骤，以防止您的计算机出现任何进一步的问题。它涉及对注册表进行更改，因此请确保在执行以下步骤之前备份您的注册表。
1. 右键单击开始(Start)并选择运行(Run)。在运行对话框中键入regedit 以打开(Type)注册表编辑器(Registry Editor)。在注册表编辑器(Registry Editor)中，导航到此键：HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\BackupRestore\FilesNotToBackup
2. 检查BackupRestore键中是否存在FilesNotToBackup条目。如果没有，请通过单击BackupRestore键中的Edit>New>Key来创建它。将值重命名为FilesNotToBackup并按Enter。将密钥留空。
3. 转到Windows 服务(Windows Services)（右键单击Start>Run>type services.msc>Enter）并找到Background Intelligence Transfer Service。右键单击 BITS 并选择Properties。
4.如果BITS服务启动了，保持原样；如果已停止，请单击Start，并确保BITS属性中的(BITS)Startup type 选项设置为Automatic。
重置您的计算机(Reset Your Computer)
如果没有其他方法，请重置您的计算机作为最后的手段。
1. 打开Settings>Update & Security.
2. 单击Recovery>Reset this PC。
3. 单击开始(Get Started)，然后选择保留我的文件(Keep my files)或删除所有内容(Remove everything)。所有设置都将恢复为默认设置并卸载应用程序，因此您最好选择保留我的文件(Keep my files)选项。
4. 单击下一步(Next)，然后选择是要保留文件还是删除所有内容。单击(Click) 重置(Reset )并等待Windows完成该过程。完成后，单击Continue，重新启动计算机并查看BITS是否再次正常工作。
5. 重新启动计算机并检查BITS错误是否已解决。
Fix Background Intelligent Transfer Service Will Not Start Error
The Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) is an essential component that helps programs download data and files from the internet.
Nowadays, programs need the latest updates, new content, or configurations, and BITS intelligently handles network interruptions even after a reboot by pausing and resuming transfers.
The ‘intelligent’ in BITS also increases or decreases the file transfer rate based on the idle network bandwidth available. Its app-specified transfer policies ensure that if a network app is consuming more bandwidth, its transfer rate is reduced to prevent the files from transferring on expensive networks.
It also offers an easy way of downloading files to install updates on Windows 10. This way, even after you exit from an application, BITS will still transfer files provided you’re still logged on, and the network connection is maintained. If you log off and log back in, BITS will resume the transfers once the connection is reestablished.
But that’s not all. From the May 2019 Update, BITS will now mind power usage and transfer files when the machine is plugged in, and when it’s in Modern Standby mode.
In short, it ensures uploads and downloads between your device and the remote server continue without any impact on the network experience. It’s particularly useful for applications that need to upload files to or download from HTTP or REST web server or SMB file servers, mind network costs, resume file transfers automatically after restarts or disconnections, or preserve responsiveness of other network apps.
As much as BITS may be an intelligent service, sometimes it may not start or may suddenly stop working altogether. The result of this is that other services like Microsoft Store or Windows Update won’t work properly.
We’re going to show you different ways you can troubleshoot and fix BITS when it won’t start.
Fix Background Intelligent Transfer Service Is Not Working
- Restart the Background Intelligent Transfer Service
- Scan your device for malware
- Use the BITS Troubleshooter
- Use the SFC and DISM command line tool
- Temporarily disable security software
- Install the latest quality update from Microsoft Update
- Enable the Network Location Awareness and Network List services
- Change Startup selection setting to Normal startup
- Edit the Registry
- Reset your computer
Note: The instructions in this guide are focused on the Windows 10 operating system.
Restart The Background Intelligent Transfer Service
Normally, BITS starts automatically with your computer at startup, but if it doesn’t, you can manually check and restart the service.
1. Right-click Start>Run.
2. Type services.msc in the Run box, and then press Enter to open Windows Services.
3. Find Background Intelligent Transfer Service from the list of services on the right.
4. If BITS is running, right-click and select Restart to restart the service and fix it wherever it may have got stuck for one reason or another.
5. If BITS doesn’t start, double-click on the entry in Windows Services, and change the startup type in the new popup to Automatic.
6. Next to Service Status, click the Start button and see if BITS works normally again.
Scan Your Device For Malware
Viruses and malware often target BITS to prevent it from starting normally. If it won’t start, run a malware or virus scan to ensure nothing is hindering BITS from providing the right communication between your device and other BITS-based networks.
If you have good antivirus security software installed, you can use it, otherwise try some of the best antimalware software like Malwarebytes to run the scan, and then restart your computer to see if the BITS issue is gone.
Use The BITS Troubleshooter
The BITS troubleshooter can fix most common problems with the service in Windows 10.
1. To do this, open Control Panel and click on the View by menu at the upper right side. Click Large Icons.
2. Click Troubleshooting in the list of options.
3. Click Hardware and Sound.
4. Next, click Background Intelligent Transfer Service troubleshooter under the Windows section.
5. Click Advanced.
6. Select Apply Repairs Automatically > Next.
7. The BITS troubleshooter will begin scanning, detecting and fixing any issues that may prevent it from starting or working properly.
Use The SFC & DISM Command Line Tool
If BITS still won’t start, you can use the System File Checker (SFC) and DISM command line tool to resolve the issue.
1. On the search bar, type CMD to open the Command Prompt menu, and click Run as administrator.
2. In the Command Prompt window, type this command and press Enter: dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth. This will scan and repair any system file corruption.
3. Next, type this command and press Enter: sfc / scannow.
You could also try the check disk command to see if it helps. In the same Command Prompt window, type chkdsk /r /f and press Enter.
4. Restart your device, and it’ll be scanned for errors while correcting any underlying ones that cause BITS not to start or work properly.
Temporarily Disable Security Software
This is a temporary measure to help you check whether it’s causing BITS not to start. Your security software protects your device from security threats like viruses and malware, and shouldn’t be disabled.
However, in this case, temporarily disable it and see if BITS starts normally. If so, your antivirus may be the cause. Otherwise, re-enable your security software as soon as you’re done.
Install The Latest Quality Update From Microsoft Update
If none of the fixes have worked so far, the problem could be with the operating system, and this can be resolved by downloading the latest Microsoft updates.
1. You can do this manually, but check the KB reference (knowledge base) name from the Windows 10 Update History, and then confirm if you need a 32-bit or 64-bit update version by going to Settings>System>About and checking System Type.
2. Download the Windows Update from the Microsoft Update catalog. Here, you can search for the KB reference for the update and click Download for either 32 or 64-bit version.
Click the .msu link to download the file.
3. Double click the .msu file, or go to Command Prompt>Run as administrator and type the command: wusa C:\FOLDER-PATH\UPDATE-NAME.msu /quiet /norestart and press Enter.
4. Restart your computer and see if the service works fine again.
Enable The Network Location Awareness & Network List Services
Windows Services depend on each other, but there are two particular services that aren’t listed in Windows Services when you click BITS, yet it’ll only start when these two run properly – the Network Location Awareness and Network List services.
1. To enable them, right-click Start>Run and type services.msc and then press Enter.
2. In Windows Services, find the Network Location Awareness and Network List services and right click on each to start them using the startup type steps we described for BITS above.
If each service is started, leave it as is, but if each shows ‘stopped’, click on the Start button to restart the service. Set up all startup settings for each of these services to Automatic, including BITS.
Change Startup Selection Setting To Normal startup
The default startup selection setting should be Normal or Selective startup depending on your computer.
1. To change it, right-click Start>Run and type msconfig. Click System Configuration.
2. Under the General tab, change the Startup selection to Normal Startup.
3. Click Apply and restart your computer to check if the BITS service starts normally again.
4. Go back to the General tab, and click the Selective startup option. Clear the Load startup items checkbox.
Edit The Registry
The Registry Editor requires that you pay careful attention to each step so as to prevent any further issues with your computer. It involves making changes to the registry, so make sure you backup your registry before taking the steps below.
1. Right-click Start and select Run. Type regedit in the run dialog box to open the Registry Editor. In the Registry Editor, navigate to this key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\BackupRestore\FilesNotToBackup
2. Check if the FilesNotToBackup entry exists in the BackupRestore key. If not, create it by clicking on Edit>New>Key in the BackupRestore key. Rename the value to FilesNotToBackup and press Enter. Leave the key empty.
3. Go to Windows Services (right click Start>Run>type services.msc>Enter) and find Background Intelligence Transfer Service. Right-click BITS and select Properties.
4. If BITS service is started, leave it as is; if it’s stopped, click Start, and ensure the Startup type option in BITS properties is set to Automatic.
Reset Your Computer
If nothing else works, reset your computer as a last resort.
1. Open Settings>Update & Security.
2. Click Recovery>Reset this PC.
3. Click Get Started, and then select Keep my files or Remove everything. All settings will be returned to default and apps uninstalled, so you’re better off going with the Keep my files option.
4. Click Next, and select whether you want to keep your files or remove everything. Click Reset and wait for Windows to finish the process. Once it’s done, click Continue, restart the computer and see if BITS works normally again.
5. Restart your computer and check if the BITS error is resolved.
