如果您想了解有关网页设计和开发的更多信息，在您的 Windows 10 计算机上安装Internet信息服务(Services)( IIS ) 是一个不错的方法。(IIS)IIS是(IIS)Windows 10中包含的免费Windows 功能(Windows Feature)，为什么不使用它呢？
IIS是一个功能齐全的 Web 和FTP服务器，具有一些强大的管理工具、强大的安全功能，可用于在同一台服务器上托管ASP.NET和PHP应用程序。(PHP)您甚至可以在 IIS 上托管 WordPress 网站。(host WordPress sites)
在Windows 10上的(Windows 10)IIS中安装和设置网站有三种方法；使用图形用户界面(Graphical User Interface)( GUI )、PowerShell或Windows CMD。我们将使用每种方法来进行IIS的基本安装。
使用 GUI 安装 IIS(Install IIS Using The GUI)
这是在IIS(IIS)中设置网站的点击方法。如果您尚未学习PowerShell或Windows命令，这是理想的方法。
- 开始在(Start)搜索(Search)栏中输入“打开窗口” 。结果将显示打开或关闭 Windows 功能(Turn Windows features on or off)实用程序。点击(Click)它。
- Windows 功能(Windows Features )窗口将打开。加载不同的功能可能需要一些时间。完成后，单击Internet 信息服务(Internet Information Services)旁边的复选框，然后单击确定(OK)按钮。
- 安装将开始，可能需要几分钟时间。完成后，单击关闭(Close )按钮。
- 要确保IIS已安装并正常工作，请在“(IIS)开始(Start )”按钮附近的“搜索”(Search )栏中键入IIS 。结果，您将看到Internet 信息服务管理器(Internet Information Services Manager)。单击(Click)以将其打开。
- 当IIS 管理器打开时，在(IIS Manager)Connections下查看窗口的左窗格。展开树形菜单，直到您看到默认网站。(Default Web Site. )这是一个与IIS一起安装的占位符站点。单击(Click)它以选择它。
- 在IIS 管理器(IIS Manager)的右侧，查看“浏览网站(Browse Website )”部分。单击Browse *:80 (http). 这将在您的默认网络浏览器中打开默认网站。
- 您将看到如下所示的网页。请注意(Notice)地址栏中显示localhost。这是要输入的地址以访问您的新网站。
为 IIS 创建您的第一个网页(Create Your First Web Page for IIS)
在我们进入其他两种安装IIS的方法之前，让我们看看构成您网站的文件存储在哪里。我们还将制作一个非常基本的网页。一旦你知道如何做到这一点，你就会知道开始学习网页设计(web design)和开发的基础知识。
- 安装 IIS 后，打开文件资源管理器(File Explorer)。导航到C:\intepub\wwwroot。那就是需要存储构成网站的文件的地方。您将看到默认的IIS网页文件iisstart.html和页面上显示的图像iisstart.png。这是您保存第一个网页的地方。
- 以管理员身份打开记事本。(Notepad )要保存到wwwroot位置，您必须是管理员。
- 将文件保存到wwwroot位置。将其命名为index.html并将Save as type:更改为All Files。然后单击保存(Save )按钮。
- 现在它已保存为正确的文件类型，让我们在其中放入一些内容。为一个非常基本的网页输入以下HTML代码并保存：(HTML)
<html>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
</body>
</html>
- 返回到具有默认IIS网页的 Web 浏览器。单击(Click)刷新按钮。您现在将看到您的第一个网页。
就是这样！您刚刚在IIS上创建并发布了您的第一个网站。
使用 Windows 命令安装 IIS(Install IIS Using Windows Commands)
我们可以将安装IIS的过程简化为一行命令。它可以在Windows 命令提示符(Windows Command Prompt)或使用PowerShell中完成。我们将首先向您展示如何使用Windows命令执行此操作，但学习 PowerShell(learning PowerShell)将在未来大有裨益。
- 在搜索栏中键入cmd，最上面的结果应该是Command Prompt。单击以管理员身份运行(Run as administrator)。
- 键入命令DISM /online /enable-feature /featureName:IIS-DefaultDocument /All 并按Enter。
- 你会看到一个进度条出现。一旦达到 100.0%，您就会看到消息“操作成功完成”。您可以关闭命令提示符(Command Prompt)。IIS已安装。
- 使用“使用 GUI 安装 IIS”部分(Install IIS Using The GUI section)中的步骤 4-7检查以确保您可以打开IIS 管理器(IIS Manager)并且安装工作正常。
使用 PowerShell 安装 IIS(Install IIS Using PowerShell)
学习在PowerShell中安装(PowerShell)IIS之类的事情是一个巨大的好处，原因有两个。一，这是在Windows(Windows)中完成大多数管理任务的最简单、最快捷的方法。第二，您可以将称为 cmdlet的PowerShell命令保存为脚本，并随时在任何(PowerShell)Windows计算机或服务器上运行它们。
- 在搜索栏中键入powershell，结果之一应该是PowerShell ISE。单击以管理员身份运行(Run as administrator)。
- 键入 cmdlet Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName IIS-WebServerRole -NoRestart并运行它。您会看到一个进度条开始。完成后，检查以确保IIS已安装并正常工作。
- 此步骤是可选的，但您可以将其保存为PowerShell脚本，然后随时运行。使用脚本并添加不同的参数。最终，您将拥有一个IIS安装脚本，每次只需单击一下即可完全按照您的需要进行设置。
You’re The Web Now!
这只是您可以在IIS中创建自己的网站的开始。考虑(Look)使用IIS进行FTP文件传输或媒体托管。此外，请查看Microsoft 的 Web 平台安装程序，了解安装和学习(Microsoft’s Web Platform Installer)WordPress、PHP、Python等的简化方法。
Install and Setup a Website in IIS on Windows 10
If you want to learn more about web design and development, installing Internеt Information Services (IIS) оn your Windows 10 computer is а good method. IIS іs a free Windows Feature included in Windows 10, so why not use it?
IIS is a full-featured web and FTP server with some powerful admin tools, strong security features, and can be used to host ASP.NET and PHP applications on the same server. You can even host WordPress sites on IIS.
There are three ways to install and set up a website in IIS on Windows 10; using the Graphical User Interface (GUI), PowerShell, or Windows CMD. We’ll be using each method to do a basic installation of IIS.
Install IIS Using The GUI
This is the point-and-click method to set up a website in IIS. It’s the ideal method if you haven’t learned PowerShell or Windows commands.
- Start typing “turn on windows” in the Search bar. The Turn Windows features on or off utility will show as a result. Click on it.
- The Windows Features window will open. It may take a bit for the different features to load. Once it does, click on the checkbox next to Internet Information Services and then click the OK button.
- The installation will begin and can take several minutes. Once it’s completed, click on the Close button.
- To ensure that IIS is installed and working, type IIS in the Search bar near the Start button. You’ll see the Internet Information Services Manager as a result. Click on that to open it.
- When IIS Manager opens, look in the left pane of the window under Connections. Expand the tree menu until you see Default Web Site. That’s a placeholder site that is installed with IIS. Click on it to select it.
- On the right side of the IIS Manager look under the Browse Website section. Click on Browse *:80 (http). That will open the default web site in your default web browser.
- You’ll see a web page like the following. Notice in the address bar that it says localhost. That’s the address to type in to go to your new website.
Create Your First Web Page for IIS
Before we go into the other two methods of installing IIS, let’s see where the files that make your website are stored. We’ll also make a very basic web page. Once you know how to do this, you’ll know the basics to jump into learning web design and development.
- After IIS is installed, open File Explorer. Navigate to C:\intepub\wwwroot. That’s where the files that make up the website need to be stored. You’ll see the default IIS web page file, iisstart.html, and the image shown on the page, iisstart.png. This is where you’ll save your first web page.
- Open Notepad as administrator. To save to the wwwroot location, you must be an administrator.
- Save the file to the wwwroot location. Name it index.html and change the Save as type: to All Files. Then click the Save button.
- Now that it’s saved as the right filetype, let’s put some content in it. Enter the following HTML code for a very basic web page and save it:
<html>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
</body>
</html>
- Go back to the web browser that has the default IIS web page. Click on the refresh button. You will now see your first web page.
That’s it! You’ve just created and published your first website on IIS.
Install IIS Using Windows Commands
We can reduce the process of installing IIS to a one-line command. It can be done in either Windows Command Prompt or using PowerShell. We’ll show you how to do it with Windows command first, but learning PowerShell would be of great benefit in the future.
- Type cmd in the search bar and the top result should be Command Prompt. Click on Run as administrator.
- Type in the command DISM /online /enable-feature /featureName:IIS-DefaultDocument /All and press Enter.
- You’ll see a progress bar appear. Once it reaches 100.0% and you see the message, “The operation completed successfully.” you can close the Command Prompt. IIS is installed.
- Check to ensure you can open the IIS Manager and that the installation worked, using steps 4-7 from the Install IIS Using The GUI section.
Install IIS Using PowerShell
Learning to do things like installing IIS in PowerShell is a huge benefit for two reasons. One, it’s the easiest and fastest way to do most administrative tasks in Windows. Two, you can save your PowerShell commands, known as cmdlets, as a script and run them anytime on any Windows computer or server.
- Type powershell in the search bar and one of the results should be PowerShell ISE. Click on Run as administrator.
- Type the cmdlet Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName IIS-WebServerRole -NoRestart and run it. You’ll see a progress bar start. Once it’s complete, check to make sure IIS is installed and working.
- This step is optional, but you can save this as a PowerShell script and then run it anytime. Work with the script and add different parameters. Eventually, you’ll have an IIS install script that sets things up exactly as you want it, every time, with a single click.
You’re The Web Now!
This is just the beginning of what you can do with making your own website in IIS. Look into using IIS for FTP file transfer or media hosting as well. Also, look into Microsoft’s Web Platform Installer for simplified ways to install and learn things like WordPress, PHP, Python, and more.
