微软(Microsoft)的众多优点之一是它不断推出更新以修复错误或提高系统的安全性。在推出更新时安装更新符合您的最大利益。但是，有时Windows Update似乎无法安装更新并给出错误消息“您的设备缺少重要的安全和质量修复程序”。
如果您遇到此错误并需要一些帮助，本文将指导您完成一些可以解决问题的快速修复。按照列出的顺序尝试这些修复——我们首先列出了最简单的修复。
运行Windows 更新疑难解答(Windows Update Troubleshooter)
当您遇到“您的设备缺少重要的安全和质量修复”错误时，内置的更新(Update)疑难解答应该是您的首选。如果Windows识别出问题并为您解决了问题，则您无需费力地排除潜在问题。
- 按Win + I 打开设置(Settings)应用程序并选择更新和安全(Update & Security)。
- 从左侧窗格中选择疑难解答。(Troubleshoot )
- 选择其他疑难解答(Additional Troubleshooters)。
- 选择Windows 更新(Windows Update)>运行疑难解答(Run the troubleshooter)。
- 等待(Wait)疑难解答程序检测到潜在问题。
- 如果Windows发现问题，它会建议并实施修复。如果它没有发现问题，它会告诉你没有检测到问题。
如果未检测到问题，请继续进行下一个修复。
手动重置 Windows 更新服务(Reset Windows Update Service Manually)
如果以前的方法不起作用，您可以尝试重新启动Windows Update服务（以及一些相关服务）。您还需要重命名SoftwareDistribution和 catroot2 文件夹。
SoftwareDistribution 是Windows 更新(Windows Update)临时存储安装新更新所需的文件的文件夹。Catroot2是Windows 更新(Windows Update)包存储安装所需签名的文件夹。
请注意，System32文件夹有两个名称相似的文件夹：catroot 和 catroot2。此方法涉及重命名 catroot2 文件夹，该文件夹会在您重新启动时再次自动创建。但是，如果您重命名或删除 catroot 文件夹，您的计算机可能会无法启动。
- 通过在“开始”菜单中搜索cmd并从右侧窗格中选择“以管理员身份运行”(Run as administrator )来打开提升的命令提示符。(Command Prompt)
- 通过在命令提示符(Command Prompt)中键入以下命令并按Enter键，按此顺序运行以下命令：
净停止 wuauserv(net stop wuauserv)
净停止 cryptSvc(net stop cryptSvc)
净停止位(net stop bits)
净停止 msiserver(net stop msiserver)
Ren C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution SoftwareDistribution.old
Ren C:\Windows\System32\catroot2 Catroot2.old
净启动 wuauserv(net start wuauserv)
网络启动 cryptSvc(net start cryptSvc)
网络起始位(net start bits)
网络启动 msiserver(net start msiserver)
网络启动/停止命令启动/停止提到的服务。Ren命令将上述路径中的文件夹（例如 C:WindowsSoftwareDistribution ）重命名为命令末尾的名称（SoftwareDistribution.old）。
完成后，重新启动计算机并查看是否能够成功安装Windows 更新(updates)。
但是，您可能会在使用此方法时遇到一些错误。可能是Windows Update服务或BITS 服务无法启动(BITS service won’t start)，或者您尝试停止的服务一开始就没有运行。
如果发生这种情况，请尝试下一个修复。
修复损坏的文件
您在以前的方法中遇到的错误可能是系统文件损坏的结果。您可以使用称为系统文件检查器和部署映像服务和管理(System File Checker and Deployment Image Servicing and Management)的两个内置Windows 实用程序(utilities)替换损坏或丢失的系统文件。
- 通过在“开始”菜单(Start Menu)中搜索cmd并从右侧窗格中选择“以管理员身份运行”(Run as administrator)来打开提升的命令提示符。(Command Prompt)
- 此步骤可能会或可能不会起作用，具体取决于导致Windows 更新(Windows Update)问题的原因，因为DISM使用Windows 更新(Windows Update)源文件来替换任何损坏。但是，运行以下命令来修复Windows映像仍然值得您花时间：
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
- 当您看到消息The operation completed successfully时，执行以下命令：
sfc /scannow
- 再次尝试以前的方法。
如果您仍然无法更新Windows，请尝试下一个修复。
修复损坏的注册表项
该错误可能是由于Windows 更新(Windows Update)服务未正确启动、已损坏或完全丢失所致。如果是这种情况，有一个简单的解决方法。
- 您可以从Tenforums下载损坏或丢失服务的.reg文件。查找Windows Update (wuauserv) 并选择Windows Update以下载 .reg 文件。
- 运行 .reg 文件并在看到安全(Security)警告时选择运行（它是安全的）。(Run)
- 尝试使用命令net start wuauserv再次启动(net start wuauserv)Windows 更新(Windows Update)服务，它应该可以正常运行。
理想情况下，一旦您的Windows 更新(Windows Update)服务启动，您应该能够安装更新。
如果您不习惯下载 .reg 文件并将其安装到您的计算机上，您可以使用Windows工具安装更新，而不会弄乱注册表。
使用 Windows 10 更新助手
Windows 10更新助手(Update Assistant)可帮助您下载Microsoft发布的功能更新和改进。它还为安排更新提供了更多控制。不过，最重要的是，它可以帮助您解决“您的设备缺少重要的安全和质量修复”错误。
- 下载Windows 10 更新助手(Windows 10 Update Assistant)。
- 运行助手并单击立即更新(Update Now)以开始安装最新更新。
重置您的电脑
如果由于某种原因，您仍然无法安装更新，您可以重置您的 PC(reset your PC)。
- 按Win + I启动Settings应用程序并转到Update & Security。
- 在“恢复(Recovery )”部分下的右窗格中查找“重置此 PC(Reset this PC) ”，然后选择“开始(Get Started)使用” 。
- 询问时，选择保留我的文件(Keep my files)以开始重置过程。
重置过程完成后，Windows将自动安装最新更新。
你解决了这个问题吗？
希望您能够使用这些修复程序并让您的Windows 更新(Windows Update)再次运行。如果在您尝试停止自动更新后出现错误，请确保使用正确的方法停止 Windows 更新(stop Windows Update)以避免附带损害。
Getting “Your Device is Missing Important Security and Quality Fixes” on Windows 10?
One of the many goоd things about Microsoft is that it consistently rolls out updates to fix bugs or improve your system’s security. It’s in your best interеst to install the updates as they’re rolled out. However, sometimes Windows Update ѕeems to fail to install updates and gives an error that reads “your device is missing impоrtant securіty and qυаlity fixeѕ”.
If you’re facing this error and need some assistance, this article will guide you through some quick fixes that can resolve the issue. Try these fixes in the order they’re listed — we’ve listed the easiest ones first.
Run the Windows Update Troubleshooter
The built-in Update troubleshooter should be your first choice when you encounter the “your device is missing important security and quality fixes” error. If Windows identifies the problem and fixes it for you, you don’t need to jump through hoops trying to rule out potential issues.
- Press Win + I to open the Settings app and select Update & Security.
- Select Troubleshoot from the left pane.
- Select Additional Troubleshooters.
- Select Windows Update > Run the troubleshooter.
- Wait for the troubleshooter to detect potential problems.
- If Windows finds the problem, it will suggest and implement the fix. If it doesn’t identify the problem, it will tell you no problems were detected.
If no problems were detected, continue to the next fix.
Reset Windows Update Service Manually
If the previous method didn’t work, you could try restarting the Windows Update service (and also some related services). You’ll also need to rename the SoftwareDistribution and catroot2 folders.
SoftwareDistribution is a folder where Windows Update temporarily stores files that it requires for installing new updates. Catroot2 is a folder where the Windows Update package stores signatures required for installation.
Note that the System32 folder has two similarly-named folders: catroot and catroot2. This method involves renaming the catroot2 folder, which is automatically created again when you reboot. However, if you rename or delete the catroot folder, your computer may be rendered unbootable.
- Open an elevated Command Prompt by searching for cmd in the Start Menu and selecting Run as administrator from the right pane.
- Run the following commands in this order by typing them into the Command Prompt and pressing the Enter key:
net stop wuauserv
net stop cryptSvc
net stop bits
net stop msiserver
Ren C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution SoftwareDistribution.old
Ren C:\Windows\System32\catroot2 Catroot2.old
net start wuauserv
net start cryptSvc
net start bits
net start msiserver
The net start/stop commands start/stop the mentioned services. The Ren command renames the folder at the mentioned path (for instance, C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution) to the name at the end (SoftwareDistribution.old) of the command.
When you’re done, restart your computer and see if you’re able to install Windows updates successfully.
However, it’s possible you may run into a few errors with this method. Perhaps, the Windows Update service or the BITS service won’t start, or the services you tried to stop weren’t running in the first place.
If this happens, try the next fix.
Fix Corrupted Files
The errors you encountered in the previous method could be a result of corrupt system files. You can replace the corrupt or missing system files using two built-in Windows utilities called the System File Checker and Deployment Image Servicing and Management.
- Open an elevated Command Prompt by searching the Start Menu for cmd and selecting Run as administrator from the right pane.
- This step may or may not work depending on what’s causing your Windows Update issue because DISM uses Windows Update to source files for replacing any corruption. However, it’s still worth your while to run the following command for repairing the Windows image:
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
- When you see the message The operation completed successfully, execute the following command:
sfc /scannow
- Try the previous method again.
If you still can’t update Windows, try the next fix.
Fix Corrupt Registry Keys
The error could be a result of the Windows Update service not starting properly, having become corrupt, or missing altogether. If this is the case, there’s a simple fix.
- You can download the .reg file for the corrupt or missing services from Tenforums. Look for Windows Update (wuauserv) and select Windows Update to download the .reg file.
- Run the .reg file and select Run when you see a Security warning (it’s safe).
- Try to start the Windows Update service again using the command net start wuauserv and it should run properly.
Ideally, once your Windows Update service starts, you should be able to install the updates.
If you’re not comfortable downloading a .reg file and installing it on your computer, you can use a Windows tool to install updates without messing around with the registry.
Use Windows 10 Update Assistant
Windows 10 Update Assistant helps you download feature updates and improvements as Microsoft publishes them. It also offers more control for scheduling your updates. Most importantly, though, it can help you resolve the “your device is missing important security and quality fixes” error.
- Download Windows 10 Update Assistant.
- Run the assistant and click on Update Now to begin installing the latest updates.
Reset Your PC
If for some reason, you’re still unable to install updates, you could reset your PC.
- Press Win + I to launch the Settings app and go to Update & Security.
- Look for Reset this PC in the right pane under the Recovery section and select Get Started.
- When asked, select Keep my files to start the reset process.
When the reset process completes, Windows will automatically install the latest updates.
Did You Fix the Issue?
Hopefully, you were able to use these fixes and get your Windows Update to work again. If the error occurred after you tried to stop automatic updates, make sure you use the right methods to stop Windows Update to avoid collateral damage.
