当您打开外部硬盘驱动器、USB拇指驱动器或 SD 卡时，您的 PC 是否显示“位置(Location)不可用”或“参数不正确”错误？(Parameter)我们将解释为什么会发生这种情况以及该问题的 5 种可能解决方案。
如果您尝试访问的驱动器有缺陷、感染了病毒或包含损坏的数据，您将收到此错误。如果您的 PC 的USB端口出现问题（可能是由于USB驱动程序过时或物理损坏） ，您也可能无法打开驱动器。(unable to open a drive)
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在尝试以下故障排除步骤之前，请将驱动器切换到计算机上的另一个端口并检查您是否可以访问驱动器。
1.运行检查磁盘工具
Check Disk 实用程序(Check Disk utility)是一种内置工具，可修复内部和外部驱动器上的故障扇区和损坏的数据。使用该实用程序扫描有问题的驱动器并检查是否可以解决问题。
1. 启动文件资源管理器(File Explorer)，右键单击受影响的驱动器，然后在上下文菜单中选择属性。(Properties)
2. 转到工具(Tools)选项卡并单击检查(Check)按钮。
3. 单击扫描并修复驱动器(Scan and repair drive)以继续。
检查磁盘(Check Disk)实用程序将立即扫描您的磁盘。请注意，此过程可能需要一段时间，具体取决于驱动器的大小和内容。
在扫描过程中，Windows将自动修复它在驱动器上找到的坏扇区。同样(Likewise)，该工具还将修复可能导致“参数不正确”错误的文件系统错误。
如果检查磁盘实用程序的(Check Disk)图形用户界面(Graphical User Interface)( GUI ) 版本未发现驱动器有任何问题，请使用该工具的命令行版本运行确认检查。此版本对您的驱动器进行彻底扫描，并可能修复GUI Check Disk实用程序遗漏的问题。
在继续之前，请记下受影响磁盘的驱动器号。在本教程中，我们将在文件资源管理器中扫描标有F:的(F:)USB 驱动器。(USB Drive)
这可能会有所不同，具体取决于连接到 PC 的磁盘数量。
右键单击(Right-click)开始菜单(Start Menu)并选择命令提示符（管理员）(Command Prompt (Admin))。
键入chkdsk，留一个空格，键入驱动器号，后跟一个冒号（在本例中为F ：），留一个空格，键入(F:)/f，留一个空格，键入/r，然后按Enter。该命令应如下所示：chkdsk F: /f /r
检查磁盘(Check Disk)实用程序将执行命令并扫描驱动器以查找错误和坏扇区；这可能需要几分钟，具体取决于磁盘大小和磁盘中的文件。扫描后，Chkdsk工具会通知您是否发现问题或坏扇区。
2.使用系统文件检查器(System File Checker)（SFC）修复错误
如前所述，计算机中的文件系统损坏也可能提示此错误，即使在外部驱动器上也是如此。系统文件检查器是另一个基于(System File Checker)命令(Command)提示符的内置工具，可以帮助修复、修复或替换损坏和丢失的系统文件。
由于您运行的是Windows 10，因此建议在运行系统文件检查器之前先运行(System File Checker)部署映像服务(Deployment Image Servicing)和管理(Management)( DISM ) 。这样，DISM将首先从 Microsoft 的服务器下载内部系统文件。之后(Afterward)，证监会(SFC)通过用从微软服务器下载的文件替换丢失或损坏的文件来修复系统文件错误。这是一个简单而直接的过程。
注意：(Note:)部署映像服务(Deployment Image Servicing)和管理(Management)( DISM ) 命令需要 Internet 连接才能从 Microsoft 服务器复制/下载文件。因此，请在继续之前将您的 PC 连接到互联网。
1.以管理员身份启动命令提示符，将以下命令粘贴到控制台中，然后按(Command Prompt)Enter。
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
这将提示DISM工具从 Microsoft 的服务器下载系统文件。此过程将需要几分钟，具体取决于您的互联网速度。收到成功消息后继续下一步。
2. 粘贴下面的命令，然后按Enter。
sfc /scannow
该命令将提示SFC扫描您的 PC 以查找丢失或损坏的系统文件并相应地替换它们。当扫描达到 100% 并且您收到成功消息时，请尝试打开受影响的驱动器。如果错误仍然存在，请重新启动计算机并再次打开驱动器。
3. 使用防病毒软件扫描驱动器
如果病毒感染导致“参数不正确”错误，则检查磁盘(Check Disk)实用程序和系统文件检查器(System File Checker)可能无法解决问题。使用您的防病毒软件扫描受影响的驱动器，并检查它是否发现任何病毒或恶意软件。如果您没有防病毒软件，请查看我们对能够清除任何病毒的最佳病毒扫描程序(best virus scanners that’ll nuke any virus)的建议。
4.更新磁盘驱动程序
如果驱动程序过期或出现故障，您可能无法访问内部或外部磁盘。请按照以下步骤检查受影响磁盘的状态并更新其驱动程序。
1. 在文件资源管理器(File Explorer)中右键单击磁盘并选择属性(Properties)。
2. 转到硬件(Hardware)选项卡以查看驱动磁盘的驱动程序。选择一个磁盘驱动器并检查设备(Device) 属性(Properties)部分。
如果设备状态(Device status)不是“设备工作正常”，则说明驱动程序有问题。继续下一步以更新驱动程序，即使它工作正常。
3. 选择一个驱动程序并单击属性(Properties)。您应该更新列表中的所有驱动程序；您永远不知道哪个有问题或导致“参数不正确”错误。
4. 在常规(General)选项卡中，单击更改设置(Change settings)。
5. 导航到驱动程序(Driver)选项卡，然后单击更新驱动程序(Update Driver)。
6. 选择自动搜索更新的驱动程序软件(Search automatically for updated driver software)。
Windows 将在您的计算机和在线搜索该特定驱动程序的最新版本。为获得最佳效果，请确保您的 PC 通过Wi-Fi或以太网(Ethernet)连接到互联网。对所有磁盘驱动器重复这些步骤，重新启动 PC 并尝试再次打开磁盘。(Repeat)
5.格式化驱动器
您应该只在万不得已的情况下格式化受影响的驱动器。但是，在您这样做之前，请尝试访问另一台计算机上的驱动器。如果在另一台 PC 上也弹出“参数不正确”错误，则继续格式化驱动器。
请注意，格式化驱动器将永久删除其内容。但是，该操作还将创建一个新的文件系统并消除导致问题的错误。您可以使用第三方实用程序来格式化驱动器(third-party utility to format the drive)或按照以下步骤使用内置的Windows格式化工具。
1. 在文件资源管理(File Explorer)器中右键单击驱动器并选择格式化(Format)。
2. 单击开始(Start)继续。
3. 最后，在确认提示上单击确定。(OK)
问题可能无法解决
如果在格式化驱动器后仍然出现“参数不正确”错误，则存储设备可能已永久损坏。如果是这种情况，则该设备既不能固定也不能使用。
您可以尝试从损坏的 U 盘中恢复您的文件(recovering your files from the damaged USB stick)。我们还提供了从死硬盘驱动器中提取文件(extracting files from a dead hard drive)的综合指南。检查它们，如果您需要任何帮助，请告诉我们。
Getting “The Parameter is Incorrect” Error in Windows 10? 5 Ways to Fix
Does your PC display a “Location is not аvailable” or “Τhe Parameter is incоrrect” error when you open an external hard drive, USΒ thumb drive, оr an SD card? We’ll explaіn why that happеns and 5 possible sоlutions to the problem.
You’ll get this error if the drive you’re trying to access is defective, infected with a virus, or contains corrupt data. You may also be unable to open a drive if there’s a problem with your PC’s USB port—perhaps due to outdated USB drivers or physical damage.
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Before you try the troubleshooting steps below, switch the drive to another port on your computer and check if you can access the drive.
1. Run Check Disk Utility
The Check Disk utility is a built-in tool that fixes faulty sectors and corrupted data on internal and external drives. Scan the problematic drive using the utility and check if that resolves the issue.
1. Launch the File Explorer, right-click the affected drive, and select Properties on the context menu.
2. Go to the Tools tab and click the Check button.
3. Click Scan and repair drive to continue.
The Check Disk utility will scan your disk immediately. Note that this process may take a while depending on the size and content of the drive.
During the scan, Windows will automatically repair bad sectors it finds on the drive. Likewise, the tool will also fix possible file system errors causing the “parameter is incorrect” error.
If the Graphical User Interface (GUI) version of the Check Disk utility doesn’t find any problem with the drive, use the Command-Line version of the tool to run a confirmation check. This version runs a thorough scan of your drive and might fix issues that the GUI Check Disk utility missed.
Before you proceed, take note of the drive letter of the affected disk. In this tutorial, we’ll scan the USB Drive labeled F: in the File Explorer.
This might be different depending on the number of disks connected to your PC.
Right-click the Start Menu and select Command Prompt (Admin).
Type chkdsk, leave a space, type the drive letter followed by a colon (F: in this case), leave a space, type /f, leave a space, type /r, and press Enter. The command should look like this: chkdsk F: /f /r
The Check Disk utility will execute the command and scan the drive for errors and bad sectors; this may take a couple of minutes depending on the disk size and files in the disk. After the scan, the Chkdsk tool will let you know if it found a problem or bad sectors.
2. Fix the error with the System File Checker (SFC)
As mentioned earlier, file system corruption within your computer could also prompt this error, even on external drives. The System File Checker is another built-in Command Prompt-based tool that can help fix, repair, or replace corrupt and missing system files.
Since you’re running Windows 10, it’s recommended to first run the Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM) before running the System File Checker. That way, DISM will first download internal system files from Microsoft’s server. Afterward, the SFC swoops in to fix system file errors by replacing missing or corrupted files with the ones downloaded from Microsoft’s servers. It’s an easy and straightforward process.
Note: The Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM) command requires an internet connection to copy/download files from Microsoft’s server. So, connect your PC to the internet before you proceed.
1. Launch the Command Prompt as an administrator, paste the command below in the console, and press Enter.
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
That’ll prompt the DISM tool to download system files from Microsoft’s servers. This process will take several minutes, depending on your internet speed. Proceed to the next step when you get a success message.
2. Paste the command below and press Enter.
sfc /scannow
The command will prompt the SFC to scan your PC for missing or corrupt system files and replace them accordingly. When the scan hits 100% and you get a success message, try opening the affected drive. If the error persists, restart your computer and open the drive again.
3. Scan the Drive with an Antivirus
If a virus infection is responsible for the “Parameter is incorrect” error, the Check Disk utility and System File Checker may not fix the problem. Scan the affected drive with your antivirus software and check if it finds any virus or malware. If you don’t have an antivirus, check our recommendations on the best virus scanners that’ll nuke any virus.
4. Update the Disk Drivers
You may be unable to access an internal or external disk if its drivers are out-of-date or malfunctioning. Follow the steps below to check the status of the affected disk and update its drivers.
1. Right-click the disk in the File Explorer and select Properties.
2. Go to the Hardware tab to see the drivers powering the disk. Select a disk drive and check the Device Properties section.
If the Device status doesn’t read “The device is working properly,” there’s a problem with the driver. Proceed to the next step to update the drivers, even if it’s working properly.
3. Select a driver and click Properties. You should update all drivers on the list; you never know which one is problematic or causing the “The parameter is incorrect” error.
4. In the General tab, click Change settings.
5. Navigate to the Driver tab and click Update Driver.
6. Select Search automatically for updated driver software.
Windows will search both your computer and online for the latest version of that particular driver. For the best result, make sure your PC is connected to the internet either via Wi-Fi or Ethernet. Repeat these steps for all disk drives, restart your PC and try opening the disk again.
5. Format the Drive
You should only format the affected drive as a last resort. Before you do so, however, try accessing the drive on another computer. If the “The parameter is incorrect” error also pops up on a different PC, then proceed to format the drive.
Note that formatting the drive will permanently erase its contents. However, the action will also create a new file system and eliminate errors causing the problem. You could use a third-party utility to format the drive or follow the steps below to use the built-in Windows formatting tool.
1. Right-click the drive in the File Explorer and select Format.
2. Click Start to proceed.
3. Finally, click OK on the confirmation prompt.
The Problem May Be Unfixable
If you’re still getting the “parameter is incorrect” error after formatting the drive, there’s a likelihood that the storage device is permanently damaged. If that’s the case, the device can neither be fixed nor used.
You could try recovering your files from the damaged USB stick. We also have a comprehensive guide on extracting files from a dead hard drive. Check them out and let us know if you need any help.
