互联网很可能是人类历史上最伟大的发明，但就像我们想出的大多数东西一样，这并不全是好消息。虽然由于网络，世界在很大程度上变得更加美好，但对于外行来说，它可能是一个非常危险的地方。
随着我们的社交和职业生活变得越来越数字化，普通人几乎需要不断地学习新技能。如果您是父母，那么您的孩子正在一个在线世界中长大，而您在他们这个年纪时根本就不存在。
那么，您如何让他们对不可避免的技术使用(technology use)保持安全呢？以下是增强家庭网络安全(family cybersecurity)的五种方法。
与家人“交谈”
任何网络安全设置(cybersecurity setup)中最薄弱的环节始终是人为因素。黑客将针对人的技术称为“社会工程”，它是犯罪分子用来伤害无辜者的大量信任技巧的延伸。
您无法购买任何软件或硬件工具(software or hardware tool)来弥补您家中的某个人被诱骗为网络犯罪分子敞开大门的情况。因此，最好的策略是确保您的孩子和重要的其他人以及与您同住的任何其他人都知道最常见的攻击。电子邮件(Email)网络钓鱼诈骗、catfishing 和恶意附件只是三个示例。
花点时间坐下来，向你的亲人清楚地解释这些威胁。确保他们了解风险和影响。如果您家中的任何人无法理解这些威胁或采取正确的缓解措施，那么他们在没有监督的情况下使用您家的互联网连接还为时过早。(internet connection)
最重要的是，灌输“看东西，说东西(see something, say something)”的规则。换句话说，如果某些事情看起来不正常或奇怪，那个人应该让你知道。
保护本地环境
并非所有技术或基于网络的威胁都来自互联网。您的本地网络也有可能受到威胁。例如，搭载(piggybacking)是在他人不知情的情况下连接到他人WiFi的过程。(WiFi)通常使用他们的互联网连接(internet connection)，但这比简单地让你的带宽被陌生人占用更糟糕。
一旦陌生人连接到您的本地网络，他们就可以访问该网络上的任何设备。特别是如果它们没有正确配置。下一步可能会从本地驱动器或网络附加存储中窃取文件。恶意(Malware)用户也可能在您的网络上安装诸如击键记录器之类的恶意软件。
因此，请确保您的路由器设置为支持的最高WiFi 安全(WiFi security)标准。同时，确保您的WiFi 密钥(WiFi key)是适当的强密钥，而不是类似myWiFi123的东西。访问路由器设置的管理员密码也是如此。(admin password)Don’t leave it with the default password!
您可能希望仅将特定设备列入白名单，这样即使恶意设备(rogue device)连接，它也无法访问任何内容。
设置访客网络
那些访问您家但需要互联网访问但不属于您信任圈子的人呢？如今，许多路由器都提供了创建访客网络(guest network)的选项。
这是第二个WiFi 热点(WiFi hotspot)，允许直接访问互联网(internet access)，但会将该用户与本地网络的其余部分隔离开来。如果可能的话，这是与访客一起使用的WiFi 连接。(WiFi connection)
(Configure)正确配置您的所有移动(Your Mobile) 设备(Devices)
我们的智能手机和平板电脑是非常棒的机器，我们的任何孩子或独立家庭成员都会在没有一台的情况下离开家，这是不可想象的。然而，他们可能带着一个巨大的安全漏洞(security vulnerability)四处走动。
确保每个人的智能设备上都启用了密码(everyone has a passcode)和全盘加密。(disk encryption)如果不是这样，任何偷窃或临时抢夺该设备的人都可能获得他们可能用来以某种方式伤害您的信息。
使用内容限制工具
您知道您的家人在访问哪些网站吗？如果您监控他们的活动(you monitored their activity)，您会侵犯他们的隐私吗？这是一个棘手的问题，但毫无疑问，网络上的大量内容根本不适合儿童或青少年(not suitable for children or teenagers)。
过去，精通技术的家庭可能拥有一个家庭代理服务器(home proxy server)，该服务器会记录每个访问过的站点并阻止黑名单上的站点。幸运的是，您不再需要这样做了，这要归功于自定义安全浏览DNS服务。
DNS 是域名服务器(domain name servers)的缩写，基本上是互联网的电话簿。当您在浏览器中输入Internet 地址(internet address)时，它会向您路由器上注册的DNS发送请求。DNS获取该地址，然后查找确切的数字互联网协议地址(internet protocol address)。这是托管您要访问的站点的Web 服务器(web server)的实际物理网络地址。(network address)
您的互联网服务提供商(internet service provider)有一个自动配置的DNS，但您可以登录您的路由器并手动覆盖它应该使用的DNS 。您可以付费购买基于订阅的自定义DNS 服务(DNS service)，该服务会自动阻止您不希望家人访问的 Web 内容。根据特定服务，您可以阻止整个站点类别，也可以专门阻止自定义站点列表。
一些互联网服务(internet service)提供商也会将此服务作为您现有订阅的一部分提供，因此在支付任何额外费用之前，值得检查是否是这种情况。
面向 21 世纪的街道
在互联网出现之前，孩子们被告知不要从陌生人那里拿糖果或接受他们不信任(t trust)的人的搭车。现在，陌生人与骗子和成人内容(adult content)提供商一起可以直接进入家中。
各个年龄段的家庭成员都需要以适合 21 世纪和第四次工业革命(Industrial Revolution)的方式变得通俗易懂。这不一定很难，但必须完成。
5 Tips To Keep Your Family Safe On The Internet
The internet is quite possibly the greatest human invention in history, but like most things we’ve come up wіth, it’s not all good news. While the world is largely a better place thanks to the web, it can be a pretty dangerous place for the uninitіated.
As our social and professional lives become ever more digitized, the average person needs to learn new skills almost constantly. If you’re a parent, your kids are growing up in an online world that simply didn’t exist when you were their age.
So how can you prep them to be safe about their inevitable technology use? Here are five ways you can beef up your family cybersecurity.
Have “The Talk” With Your Family
The weakest link in any cybersecurity setup is always the human element. Hackers refer to the techniques that target people as “social engineering” and it’s an extension of the large set of confidence tricks out there which criminals use to victimize innocent people.
There is no software or hardware tool you can buy that will make up for someone in your family being tricked into opening the doors to cybercriminals. So the best strategy is to make sure your children and significant other, and anyone else who lives with you, are aware of the most common attacks. Email phishing scams, catfishing and malicious attachments are just three examples.
Take the time to sit down and clearly explain these threats to your loved ones. Make sure they understand the risks and implications. If anyone in your family is not able to understand these threats or apply the right mitigations, then it’s too early for them to use your home’s internet connection without supervision.
Most importantly, instill the rule of “see something, say something”. In other words, if something seems off or strange, that person should let you know.
Secure The Local Environment
Not every technology or network-based threat comes from the internet. There are ways your local network can be compromised as well. For example, piggybacking is the process of connecting to someone else’s WiFi without their knowledge. Usually to use their internet connection, but it’s worse than simply getting your bandwidth hogged by a stranger.
Once an unknown person is connected to your local network, they can get access to any devices that are on that network. Especially if they haven’t been configured correctly. The next step might to steal files from local drives or network-attached storage. Malware such as keystroke loggers could also be installed by rogue users on your network.
So make sure your router is set to the highest WiFi security standard supported. At the same time, make sure that your WiFi key is a proper strong key and not something like myWiFi123. The same goes for the admin password to access your router settings. Don’t leave it with the default password!
You may want to go as far as whitelisting only specific devices, so that even if a rogue device connects, it won’t get access to anything.
Set Up a Guest Network
What about people who visit your home that need internet access, but aren’t part of your trusted circle? Many routers offer the option to create a guest network these days.
This is a second WiFi hotspot that allows for direct internet access, but cuts that user off from the rest of the local network. This is the WiFi connection to use with visitors if at all possible.
Configure All Your Mobile Devices Properly
Our smartphones and tablets are wonderful machines and it’s unthinkable that any of our kids or independent family members would leave the house without one. However, they might be walking around with a big fat security vulnerability.
Make sure that everyone has a passcode and full disk encryption enabled on their smart devices. If not, anyone who steals or temporarily grabs that device might get access to information they could use to somehow harm you.
Use Content Restriction Tools
Do you know what websites your family members are visiting? Would you be invading their privacy if you monitored their activity? It’s a tricky question, but there’s no doubt that plenty of the content found on the web is simply not suitable for children or teenagers.
In the past, tech-savvy families might have a home proxy server that logs every site visited and blocks sites that are on a blacklist. Luckily that’s not something you need to do anymore, thanks to custom safe browsing DNS services.
DNS is short for domain name servers and is basically a phonebook for the internet. When you type an internet address into your browser, it sends a request to the DNS registered on your router. The DNS takes that address and then looks up the exact numerical internet protocol address. This is the actual physical network address of the web server that hosts the site you want to visit.
Your internet service provider has a DNS that is automatically configured, but you can log into your router and manually override which DNS it should use. You can pay for a subscription-based custom DNS service that automatically blocks web content you don’t want your family members accessing. Depending on the specific service, you can block whole classes of site and also specifically block a custom list of sites.
Some internet service providers offer this service as part of your existing subscription too, so it’s worth checking if that’s the case before paying any additional money.
Streetwise For The 21st Century
Before the internet, children were given advice on not taking candy from strangers or accepting rides from people they don’t trust. Now the strangers have a direct line into the home, along with con artists and providers of adult content.
Family members of all ages need to become streetwise in a way that’s appropriate to the 21st century and the 4th Industrial Revolution. It doesn’t have to be hard, but it does have to be done.
