如果您的计算机运行不佳且无法修复，Windows 8.1为您提供了在不丢失个人文件的情况下刷新操作系统的选项。(operating system)在某些情况下，这是使计算机再次平稳运行的最佳方法和最快的方法。让我们看看Windows 8.1中的(Windows 8.1)刷新功能(Refresh feature)是如何工作的，以及它为什么有用。
刷新Windows 8.1 PC 时会发生什么？
在您继续采用这种温和的激进方法来修复系统问题之前，您应该确保了解您将要做什么。虽然您的个人文件将在此过程中保持完整，但您将对系统进行相当多的更改。
保持不变的事情：
- 您的个人文件不会被删除。你会在你离开它们的地方找到它们。但是，它们需要放置在以下用户文件夹中：桌面(Desktop)、下载(Downloads)、文档(Documents)、图片(Pictures)、音乐和视频(Music and Videos)。您存储在系统驱动器(system drive)其他位置的用户文件将不会被保留。
- 您的帐户设置将按照您设置的方式保留。
- 您的 Windows 应用商店应用程序将保持安装状态。
改变的事情：
- 您的系统设置将恢复为出厂默认设置。
- 您的桌面应用程序和驱动程序将被卸载，但它们的列表将保存到您的桌面以帮助重新安装。
看到您必须如何重新安装您曾经在计算机上安装的每个桌面应用程序(desktop app)，您需要确保这对您来说是正确的举措。但是，如果您已经尝试了所有方法，但仍然无济于事，那么刷新您的 Windows 8.1 计算机会很有帮助。
如何刷新您的 Windows 8.1 PC
要开始使用，您需要访问 PC(access PC) 设置(Settings)。单击(Click)或点击“更新和恢复”("Update and recovery")，然后点击恢复(Recovery)。在“刷新你的电脑而不影响你的文件”("Refresh your PC without affecting your files")部分中，单击或点击“开始使用”。("Get started.")
在此步骤中，您可能会被告知缺少某些文件。如果是这种情况，请插入Windows 8.1 安装光盘(installation disc)或恢复光盘(recovery disc)。
Windows 8.1 提供了接下来会发生什么的快速概览，以确保您知道您将要做什么。如果您确定要继续，请单击或点击下一步(Next)。如果您有第二个想法，请单击或点击(click or tap) 取消。(Cancel.)
您还会看到刷新后需要重新安装的桌面应用程序列表。(desktop apps)单击(Click)或点击下一步(Next)以继续。
如果一切都按顺序显示，您就可以开始了。单击(Click)或点击“刷新(Refresh)”以启动它。您的计算机将重新启动并为您完成刷新。您将看到百分比，让您知道您在任务中的进展情况。
该过程完成后，您的计算机将重新启动几次，您必须等待Windows为您完成设置。完成后，登录Windows 8.1。
Windows 8.1 刷新(Refresh)后会发生什么？
刷新周期完成并且您可以重新(Refresh)登录Windows后，您会发现与离开时几乎没有什么不同。您将看到“开始(Start)”屏幕并找到所有仍安装的Windows 应用商店应用。(Windows Store)切换到桌面(Desktop)，您会发现所有桌面链接都完好无损。深入挖掘(Dig deeper)，您会发现计算机上所有用户的所有个人数据都在您离开的地方，只要它存储在标准用户文件夹和库中。虽然看起来变化不大，但有一些指标表明该过程已成功完成。
首先，您会在桌面(Desktop)上找到一个名为“Removed Apps.html”的("Removed Apps.html.").html文件。打开此文件以获取在刷新过程中删除的应用程序的完整列表。
该文件提供了大多数应用程序下载页面的超链接。使用本文档可以快速下载并安装您丢失的所有程序。Windows 8.1 让一切恢复原状变得尽可能容易。
查看您的C:驱动器，您会发现另一个附加内容：一个名为Windows.old 的新文件夹，(Windows.old,)其中包含您之前安装的所有程序文件和Windows 目录(Windows directory)。如果您的任何应用程序在其安装目录(installation directory)中存储了其他信息，您可以在此处恢复它。你也会在那里找到你的老司机。虽然Windows.old文件夹中有一个(Windows.old)用户(Users)目录，但在这种情况下它不会包含任何有用的东西。您的用户文件仍在您所属的个人文件夹中。
您可能希望保留Windows.old文件夹，直到您的计算机恢复正常并且您有机会测试所有内容。一旦确定不需要其中的任何内容，您可以将其删除或备份到外部驱动器以节省硬盘空间。
重新安装程序后，您需要检查系统设置。现代风格的PC 设置(PC Settings)界面中的所有设置都将从您的Microsoft 帐户(Microsoft account)同步。那些事情不会改变。但是，您直接从控制面板配置的任何设置(Control Panel)（如( (things like )家庭安全(Family Safety)、防火墙设置或电源配置）都需要重新设置。
结论
虽然牺牲所有程序和系统设置是一个稍微沉重的代价，但如果它让您的计算机恢复正常，就很容易接受。虽然在其他Windows(Windows)版本中已经提供了这种修复安装(repair installation)，但对于未经培训的用户来说，解决它从来都不是一件容易的事。这是一个很棒的Windows 8.1功能，肯定会帮助很多处于困境中的用户。
How To Refresh A Windows 8.1 Installation Without Losing Your Data
If your computer is running poorly and you can't fix it, Windows 8.1 gives you the option to refresh the operatіng system wіthout having to lose your personal files. In cеrtain ѕcenarios this is the best cure and the faѕtest way to make the computer run smоothly again. Let's see how the Refrеsh feature in Windows 8.1 works and why it іs useful.
What Happens When You Refresh A Windows 8.1 PC?
Before you move forward with this mildly drastic approach to repairing system issues, you should make sure to understand what you'll be doing. While your personal files will remain intact through this procedure, you'll be altering your system quite a bit.
Things that stay the same:
- Your personal files will not be deleted. You'll find them right where you left them. However, they need to be placed in the following user folders: Desktop, Downloads, Documents, Pictures, Music and Videos. The user files that you store in other locations of the system drive won't be kept.
- Your account settings will be kept the way you have them set.
- Your Windows Store apps will remain installed.
Things that change:
- Your system settings will be restored to factory default settings.
- Your desktop applications and drivers will be uninstalled, but a list of them will be saved to your desktop to aid in their re-installation.
Seeing as how you'll have to reinstall every desktop app you've ever installed on your computer, you'll want to be sure this is the right move for you. However, if you've tried everything and you still aren't getting anywhere, refreshing your Windows 8.1 computer can help a lot.
How To Refresh Your Windows 8.1 PC
To get started, you'll need to access PC Settings. Click or tap "Update and recovery" and then Recovery. In the "Refresh your PC without affecting your files" section, click or tap "Get started."
At this step you may be informed that some files are missing. If that is the case, insert a Windows 8.1 installation disc or a recovery disc.
Windows 8.1 provides a quick overview of what is going to happen next, to make sure you know what you're about to do. If you're sure you want to continue, click or tap Next. If you're having second thoughts, click or tap Cancel.
You are also shown a list of desktop apps that you will need to reinstall after the refresh. Click or tap Next to continue.
Provided everything appears in order, you'll be ready to go. Click or tap Refresh to get it going. Your computer will restart and work through the refresh for you. You'll be shown percentages to let you know how well you're progressing through the task.
When the process completes, your computer will restart a couple of times and you'll have to wait while Windows finishes setting things up for you. When done, log into Windows 8.1.
What Happens After A Windows 8.1 Refresh?
Once the Refresh cycle is complete and you can log back into Windows, you'll find very little different from when you left it. You'll see the Start screen and find all of your Windows Store apps still installed. Switch to the Desktop and you'll find all of your desktop links intact. Dig deeper and you'll find that all personal data on the computer, from all users, is right where you left it, as long as it was stored in standard user folders and libraries. While it may not look like much has changed, there are a few indicators that the procedure completed successfully.
First, you'll find a .html file on your Desktop named "Removed Apps.html." Open this file for a full list of the applications that were removed during the refresh procedure.
The file provides hyperlinks to most of the applications' download pages. Use this document to quickly download and install all the programs you lost. Windows 8.1 makes it as easy as possible to get things back to the way they were.
Have a look on your C: drive and you'll find another addition: a new folder named Windows.old, contains all the program files and Windows directory from your previous installation. If any of your applications had additional information stored in their installation directory, you can recover it here. You'll also find your old drivers in there. While there is a Users directory in the Windows.old folder, it won't contain anything of use in this situation. Your user files are still in your personal folders where they belong.
You might want to keep the Windows.old folder around until your computer is back to normal and you have a chance to test everything out. Once you're sure you don't need anything from it, you can delete it or back it up to an external drive to save space on your hard drive.
Once you have your programs reinstalled, you'll need to check your system settings. All settings in the modern style PC Settings interface will be synced from your Microsoft account. Those things won't change. However, any settings you configured directly from the Control Panel (things like Family Safety, firewall settings or power configurations) will need to be set up again.
Conclusion
While sacrificing all of your programs and system settings is a mildly-heavy price to pay, it's easy enough to swallow if it gets your computer back to normal. While this sort of a repair installation has been available in other Windows releases, it's never been simple for an untrained user to tackle. This is a great Windows 8.1 feature that is sure to help a lot of users in a tough spot.
