Windows 10 包含许多旨在提高 PC 安全性的内置保护措施。从集成的防病毒扫描到无密码登录^{(passwordless logins)}，Windows 10 提供了比以前的Windows版本更好的保护。为了进一步推动这一点，微软^(Microsoft)会自动阻止未知应用程序和程序的运行。

此功能是Windows SmartScreen，旨在阻止潜在的恶意代码运行。SmartScreen 进程 ( smartscreen.exe ) 在后台运行，这可能意味着它偶尔会耗尽您的系统资源。如果您想了解更多信息，或者担心安全性，本指南应该让您放心。

什么是 Windows SmartScreen 及其工作原理？^{(What Is Windows SmartScreen and How Does It Work?)}

^{(Windows SmartScreen)}自Windows 8发布以来， ^{(Windows 8)}Windows SmartScreen一直是一项功能。它旨在阻止未知应用程序自动运行。SmartScreen的工作原理是扫描一个程序，并对照一个庞大的Microsoft已知应用程序和服务数据库对其进行检查。如果它无法识别它，它会阻止应用程序运行。

SmartScreen不太可能对它识别的知名软件（例如Spotify或Google Chrome ）执行此操作，但它可能会对其他第三方开发人员的未知应用程序采取谨慎的态度。如果将其识别为恶意软件，SmartScreen将介入并阻止其运行，从而保护您的 PC 免受损坏。

如果SmartScreen不确定，您将能够覆盖该决定。如果您绝对确定您正在运行的软件是安全的，则可以执行此操作，但如果您想检查，您可以在Windows 10 沙盒模式下^{(Windows 10 Sandbox mode)}运行它，这是一个可用于测试的独立Windows版本淘汰您不完全信任的软件。

SmartScreen也是新的基于Google Chromium 的Microsoft Edge浏览器中内置的网络钓鱼和恶意软件保护的名称。与文件保护一样，Edge中的^(Edge)SmartScreen将警告并阻止它认为不安全的站点和下载。 

作为Windows系统服务，SmartScreen进程（在任务管理器^{(Task Manager)}中列为SmartScreen或smartscreen.exe）是完全安全的。由于它可以防止危险文件，因此最好让SmartScreen保持运行，但您可以取消阻止您信任的应用程序，以确保它无法识别的文件仍然可以运行。

为什么 SmartScreen 会导致 CPU、RAM 或其他系统资源问题？^{(Why Does SmartScreen Cause High CPU, RAM, or Other System Resource Issues?)}

虽然很少见，但据报道SmartScreen会导致CPU、RAM或其他系统资源问题。虽然此问题没有明确的原因，但问题的背后可能是顽固的恶意软件感染^{(stubborn malware infection)}或损坏的系统文件。

在考虑禁用Windows SmartScreen之前，您应该尝试使用系统文件检查器 (SFC)^{(System File Checker (SFC) )}工具修复 PC 的系统文件。这应该有助于解决您的 PC 性能问题，尤其是与smartscreen.exe 等Windows系统进程有关的问题。^(Windows)

1. 为此，请右键单击开始^(Start)菜单并选择Windows PowerShell (Admin)选项。

1. 在PowerShell窗口中，键入sfc /scannow以开始检查系统文件是否有错误。

SFC工具将自动搜索并修复系统文件的任何问题。虽然这不能保证解决此问题，但确保您的系统维护良好并且没有损坏的文件应该有助于防止 PC 性能出现问题。

如果不是丢失文件或恶意软件感染^{(malware infection)}的原因，您可能需要查看 PC 本身。随着微软^(Microsoft)推出新功能，Windows变得更难在旧 PC 上运行。如果是这种情况，您可能需要考虑升级您的 PC^{(consider upgrading your PC)}以运行最新版本的Windows 10，而不会出现性能问题。

您还可以按照以下步骤完全禁用SmartScreen 。这会将SmartScreen的系统资源使用降低到最低水平，但我们不建议大多数用户使用。

将软件添加到 Windows SmartScreen 允许列表或阻止列表^{(Adding Software to Windows SmartScreen Allow List or Block List)}

Windows SmartScreen服务是一项基于信任的服务。如果Microsoft识别出一个应用程序并且知道它可以根据它收到的遥测数据^{(telemetry data)}信任它，那么它将允许它运行。如果它不识别它，它就不信任它，所以它会阻止它以防万一。

如果您信任某个应用并希望它在没有SmartScreen阻止的情况下运行，您可以将该应用添加到SmartScreen的允许列表中。或者，如果您想阻止某个可执行文件^{(executable file)}再次在您的 PC 上运行，您可以将其添加到 SmartScreen 的阻止列表中。

1. 要将 .exe 文件添加到 Windows SmartScreen的允许或阻止列表，请在文件资源管理器^{(File Explorer)}或桌面上找到该文件。如果您之前没有尝试运行该软件，请双击该文件以运行它。这将允许它被SmartScreen识别。

1. 对于以前未在您的 PC 上运行的软件，SmartScreen将根据其数据库对其进行检查。如果它不信任它，您将看到Windows 保护您的 PC^{(Windows protected your PC )}消息。选择不运行^{(Don’t run )}以关闭提示。

1. 要使用SmartScreen^{(SmartScreen)}阻止或取消阻止应用程序，请在文件资源管理器^{(File Explorer)}或桌面上右键单击该文件，然后选择“属性^(Properties)”选项。

1. 在“属性^(Properties)”窗口的“常规^(General)”选项卡中，您应该会看到标有“安全^(Security)”的部分。为确保SmartScreen阻止该文件在将来被打开，请确保取消选中Unblock复选框。但是，如果您想取消阻止文件并将其添加到批准列表中，请选中取消阻止^{(Unblock )}复选框。选择确定^(OK)（或Apply > OK）以保存您的设置。

如何禁用 Windows SmartScreen^{(How to Disable Windows SmartScreen)}

Windows SmartScreen是一项应为大多数用户启用的安全功能，因为它可以帮助阻止您运行可能会损坏您的 PC 的软件或打开文件。虽然这可能很烦人，但您可以按照上述步骤绕过为您信任的应用程序显示的SmartScreen提示。^{(SmartScreen)}

考虑到这一点，我们强烈建议^{(strongly recommend)}您启用SmartScreen 。但是，如果您想为测试或性能问题禁用它，您可以按照以下步骤操作。

1. 要禁用软件（以及Microsoft Edge中的网站）的^{(Microsoft Edge)}SmartScreen保护，请右键单击“开始^(Start)”菜单并选择“设置”^{(Settings )}选项。

1. 在“设置”^{(Settings )}菜单中，选择Update & Security > Windows Security > Open Windows Security。这将在新窗口中打开Windows 安全菜单。^{(Windows Security)}

1. 在Windows 安全^{(Security )}窗口中，选择左侧的应用和浏览器控制。^{(App & browser control)}在右侧，选择基于信誉的保护设置^{(Reputation-based protection settings )}选项。

1. 要为正在运行的应用程序和文件禁用SmartScreen保护，请将检查应用程序和文件滑块^{(Check apps and files slider )}选择到关闭^(Off)位置。 

1. 如果要在 Microsoft Edge 中禁用 SmartScreen 筛选，请将 Microsoft Edge^{(Microsoft Edge)}的SmartScreen 滑块^{(SmartScreen for Microsoft Edge slider)}选择为关闭^(Off)。 

1. 要停止保护Windows无法识别的文件（例如，您在线下载的文件），请将可能不需要的应用程序阻止滑块^{(Potentially unwanted app blocking slider )}选择为关闭^(Off)。

1. 最后，要停止Microsoft Store应用程序中的SmartScreen Web 筛选，请将SmartScreen for Microsoft Store 应用程序滑块^{(SmartScreen for Microsoft Store apps slider )}选择为Off。

防御 Windows 10 中的威胁^{(Protecting Against Threats in Windows 10)}

Windows SmartScreen进程是从werfault.exe到ntoskrnl.exe的几个基本进程之一，它有助于保持Windows正常运行。保持 SmartScreen 处于活动状态是防御Windows 10中威胁的好方法，但您也可以考虑在 Windows Defender 中设置扫描计划^{(setting a scan schedule in Windows Defender)}或加密硬盘驱动器^{(encrypting your hard drive)}。

如果您担心病毒或恶意软件会导致数据丢失，您应该确保备份您的系统^{(back up your system)}并定期检查恶意软件^{(check for malware)}，以确保您的 PC 可以安全使用。不要^(Don)忘记检查其他设备，因为即使您的路由器也可能感染恶意软件^{(your router can become infected with malware)}。

What Is Windows Smartscreen and Is It Safe?

Windows 10 includes a number of built-in protections that aim to boost your PC’s security. From integrated antivirus scanning to passwordless logins, Windows 10 offers greater protection than previous Windows releases. To help boost this even further, Microsoft automatically blocks unknown apps and programs from running.

This feature is Windows SmartScreen, designed to stop potentially malicious code from running. The SmartScreen process (smartscreen.exe) runs in the background, which may mean it uses up your system resources occasionally. If you’re curious to learn more, or you’re worried about security, this guide should put you at ease.

What Is Windows SmartScreen and How Does It Work?

Windows SmartScreen has been a feature since the release of Windows 8. It’s designed to stop unknown apps from running automatically. SmartScreen works by scanning a program and checking it against a huge Microsoft database of known apps and services. If it doesn’t recognize it, it stops the app from running.

SmartScreen isn’t likely to do this for well-known software it recognizes, such as Spotify or Google Chrome, but it will likely take a cautious approach to unknown apps by other third-party developers. If it recognizes it as malware, SmartScreen will step in and block it from running, protecting your PC from damage.

If SmartScreen isn’t sure, you’ll be able to override the decision. You can do this if you’re absolutely sure that a piece of software you’re running is safe, but if you want to check, you can run it in Windows 10 Sandbox mode, an isolated version of Windows that you can use to test out software you don’t fully trust.

SmartScreen is also the name for the phishing and malware protection built into the new Google Chromium-based Microsoft Edge browser. As with file protection, SmartScreen in Edge will warn against and block sites and downloads it believes to be unsafe. 

As a Windows system service, the SmartScreen process (listed as SmartScreen or smartscreen.exe in Task Manager) is completely safe. As it protects against dangerous files, it’s best to leave SmartScreen running, but you can unblock apps you trust to ensure that files it doesn’t recognize can still run.

Why Does SmartScreen Cause High CPU, RAM, or Other System Resource Issues?

While rare, it is reported that SmartScreen can cause high CPU, RAM, or other issues with your system resources. While there isn’t a clear cause for this issue, it’s possible that a stubborn malware infection or corrupt system files are behind the problem.

Before you consider disabling Windows SmartScreen, you should attempt to repair your PC’s system files using the System File Checker (SFC) tool. This should help to resolve issues with your PC’s performance, especially with Windows system processes like smartscreen.exe.

1. To do this, right-click the Start menu and select the Windows PowerShell (Admin) option.

1. In the PowerShell window, type sfc /scannow to begin checking your system files for errors.

The SFC tool will automatically search for and fix any issues with your system files. While this isn’t a guaranteed fix for this problem, making sure your system is well maintained and has no corrupted files should help to prevent issues with your PC performance.

If missing files or a malware infection isn’t the cause, you may need to look at the PC itself. As Microsoft introduces new features, Windows becomes harder to run on older PCs. If that’s the case, you may need to consider upgrading your PC to run the latest version of Windows 10 without performance issues.

You can also disable SmartScreen entirely by following the steps below. This will reduce SmartScreen’s system resource usage to minimal levels, but it isn’t something we recommended for most users.

Adding Software to Windows SmartScreen Allow List or Block List

The Windows SmartScreen service is a trust-based service. If Microsoft recognizes an app and knows it can trust it based on the telemetry data it receives, then it’ll allow it to run. If it doesn’t recognize it, it doesn’t trust it, so it will block it as a precaution.

If you trust an app and want it to run without SmartScreen blocking it, you can add the app to SmartScreen’s allow list. Alternatively, if you want to block an executable file from running on your PC again, you can add it to SmartScreen’s block list.

1. To add a .exe file to Windows SmartScreen’s allow or block list, find the file in File Explorer or on your desktop. If you haven’t attempted to run the software before, double-click the file to run it. This will allow it to become identified by SmartScreen.

1. For software that hasn’t previously run on your PC, SmartScreen will check it against its database. If it doesn’t trust it, you’ll see the Windows protected your PC message. Select Don’t run to close the prompt.

1. To block or unblock an app using SmartScreen, right-click the file in File Explorer or on your desktop, then select the Properties option.

1. In the General tab of the Properties window, you should see a section labeled Security. To ensure SmartScreen blocks the file from being opened in the future, make sure the Unblock checkbox is unchecked. If you want to unblock the file and add it to the approved list, however, check the Unblock checkbox. Select OK (or Apply > OK) to save your setting.

How to Disable Windows SmartScreen

Windows SmartScreen is a security feature that should remain enabled for most users, as it can help to stop you running software or opening files that could potentially damage your PC. While it can be annoying, you can bypass SmartScreen prompts that appear for apps you trust by following the steps above.

With this in mind, we strongly recommend you leave SmartScreen enabled. If you want to disable it for testing or performance issues, however, you can do so by following these steps.

1. To disable SmartScreen protection for software (as well as websites in Microsoft Edge), right-click the Start menu and select the Settings option.

1. In the Settings menu, select Update & Security > Windows Security > Open Windows Security. This will open the Windows Security menu in a new window.

1. In the Windows Security window, select App & browser control on the left. On the right, select the Reputation-based protection settings option.

1. To disable SmartScreen protection for running apps and files, select the Check apps and files slider to the Off position. 

1. If you want to disable SmartScreen filtering in Microsoft Edge, select the SmartScreen for Microsoft Edge slider to Off. 

1. To stop protection against files that Windows doesn’t recognize (for instance, files you’ve downloaded online), select the Potentially unwanted app blocking slider to Off.

1. Finally, to stop SmartScreen web filtering in Microsoft Store apps, select the SmartScreen for Microsoft Store apps slider to Off.

Protecting Against Threats in Windows 10

The Windows SmartScreen process is one of several essential processes, from werfault.exe to ntoskrnl.exe, that help keep Windows up and running. Keeping SmartScreen active is a great way to protect against threats in Windows 10, but you could also think about setting a scan schedule in Windows Defender or encrypting your hard drive.

If you’re worried about data loss from viruses or malware, you should make sure to back up your system and check for malware regularly to ensure your PC is safe to use. Don’t forget to check other devices too, because even your router can become infected with malware.

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