当您启动 Windows PC 或笔记本电脑时，许多不同的系统进程开始运行。它们会生成您将用于登录和开始工作的用户界面，但它们还将负责您甚至不会意识到的各种幕后操作，例如与其他网络设备通信。
不幸的是，ntoskrnl.exe 和csrss.exe等系统进程有时会导致您的 PC 出现问题。特别是Ntoskrnl.exe(Ntoskrnl.exe)是Windows操作系统的主要组件，因此难以解决问题。如果 ntoskrnl.exe 导致CPU使用率过高并且您正在寻求修复它，那么您需要执行以下操作。
什么是 Ntoskrnl.exe？(What Is Ntoskrnl.exe?)
ntoskrnl.exe系统进程，也称为Windows NT 操作系统内核可执行文件(Windows NT operating system kernel executable )（或Windows 任务管理器(Windows Task Manager)中的系统） ，可以说是(System)Windows拥有的最重要的进程之一。
内核(kernel)是提供硬件和软件之间链接的代码。当 Windows 等操作系统(Windows)加载时，Windows 内核 (ntoskrnl.exe)(Windows kernel (ntoskrnl.exe))用于向CPU等组件发送指令以执行任务和操作。如果没有 ntoskrnl.exe 系统进程，您的Windows PC 将无法工作。
它负责为软件提供对附加组件和外围设备的访问权限、管理加载的软件进程以确保它们与硬件正确（和安全）交互，以及控制 PC 上使用的内存量（并保持可用）等等。
虽然可以禁用其他系统组件，但您无法在Windows安装中禁用 ntosknrl.exe。如果它被迫停止，Windows将返回 ntoskrnl.exe蓝屏(BSOD)错误，您需要重新启动 PC。
为什么 Ntoskrnl.exe 会导致高 CPU 问题？(Why Does Ntoskrnl.exe Cause High CPU Issues?)
不幸的是，对于为什么 ntoskrnl.exe 会导致Windows 任务管理器中的(Windows Task Manager)CPU使用率高，没有一个明确的答案。此问题背后的原因可能因 PC 而异。
这是因为 ntoskrnl.exe 负责许多Windows系统操作，或者参与了通过其他进程执行其他系统操作。另一个Windows服务、已安装的应用程序、损坏的系统文件或附加的外围设备都可能导致Windows ntoskrnl.exe 系统进程（和您的CPU）额外紧张。
尝试解决此问题的最佳方法是检查您的 Windows 系统文件(checking your Windows system files)、扫描恶意软件或病毒(scanning for malware or viruses)并更新您的 PC。您还可以在“干净启动”模式下运行Windows，以查看是否是其他应用程序或已安装的服务导致了问题。
由于 ntoskrnl.exe 部分负责Windows 10中的内存管理，您可能会发现与其接口的另一个应用程序或服务正在使用更多系统资源，这被错误地报告为属于 ntoskrnl.exe 进程。
检查和修复 Windows 系统文件(Check and Repair Windows System Files)
当所有必需的系统文件都到位时，Windows 运行良好。如果其中一些文件损坏、丢失或无法访问，那么您的 Windows 10 安装可能开始变得不稳定，ntoskrnl.exe蓝屏(BSODs)和错误变得更有可能。
解决此问题的一种可能方法是使用Windows PowerShell运行(Windows PowerShell)chkdsk和sfc命令行工具。
- 要运行Windows PowerShell，请右键单击开始(Start)菜单并选择Windows PowerShell (Admin)选项。
- 在PowerShell终端窗口中，键入sfc /scannow以检查Windows系统文件的完整性。这应该会找到并自动修复任何丢失或损坏的文件，但您可能需要点击Y以接受任何更改。
- sfc完成后，键入chkdsk /r 以(sfc)安排启动扫描以检查硬盘驱动器的文件系统。您需要通过按键盘上的Y来确认，然后重新启动 PC 以运行扫描。(Y)
这些工具将检查您的安装和硬盘驱动器是否有丢失或损坏的文件。如果 ntoskrnl.exe 问题仍然存在，您需要尝试下面列出的其他步骤之一。
安装 Windows 系统和驱动程序更新(Installing Windows System and Driver Updates)
Windows系统更新附带修复和升级，可以帮助解决用户在线报告的更常见问题，包括BSOD错误和高CPU使用率。
通过安装任何可用的系统和驱动程序更新来确保您的 PC 是最新的，有时可以解决这些问题。您可以从Windows 设置(Windows Settings)菜单执行此操作。
- 要启动Windows 设置(Windows Settings)，请右键单击开始(Start)菜单并选择设置(Settings)选项。如果可以安装更新，请在“设置”(Settings )菜单中选择Update & Security > Windows Update > Download （或“下载并安装(Download and Install)”）。否则(Otherwise)，请改为选择检查更新(Check for Updates)。这将自动开始下载和安装任何可用的系统和驱动程序更新。
如果您最近安装了新的 PC 组件或外围设备，您可能需要查看制造商网站以获取驱动程序更新。对于显卡来说尤其如此，因为像 NVIDIA 这样的制造商会(manufacturers like NVIDIA)定期发布全新的驱动程序，然后再将它们添加到Windows 更新(Windows Update)中。
检查病毒和恶意软件(Check for Viruses and Malware)
多亏了Microsoft Defender（以前称为 Windows Defender(Windows Defender) ），从 Windows 10 PC中删除顽固的恶意软件(remove stubborn malware)从未如此简单。
- 要开始，请打开Windows 设置(Windows Settings )（右键单击开始(Start)菜单并选择设置(Settings)）。从那里，选择Update & Security > Open Windows Security。
- 在Windows 安全(Windows Security )窗口中，选择Virus & Threat Protection > Scan Options，然后选择Microsoft Defender 脱机扫描(Microsoft Defender Offline Scan )选项。这将为您的 PC 准备启动扫描以查找恶意软件。选择立即扫描(Scan Now )按钮以重新启动您的 PC 并开始扫描过程。
Windows 将重新启动并开始扫描您的驱动器以查找恶意软件。如果它检测到任何内容，系统会询问您是要删除还是隔离它。
使用 Windows 干净启动对已安装的应用程序和服务进行故障排除(Troubleshoot Installed Apps and Services Using a Windows Clean Boot)
Windows 10 并非没有错误或缺陷，但如果您的 PC 是最新的，并且您的系统文件完好无损，那么任何潜在的 ntoskrnl.exe 问题都可能是另一个应用程序或安装的服务。
要检查这一点，您可以运行干净启动(clean boot)，它将在没有第三方应用程序和服务的情况下运行Windows 。
- 要将Windows重新启动到干净启动模式，请右键单击“开始(Start)”菜单并选择“运行”(Run)选项（或按键盘上的Windows key + R ）。在“运行”(Run)命令框中，键入msconfig，然后选择“确定(OK)”以启动它。
- 在“系统配置(System Configuration)”窗口的“常规(General)”选项卡中 ，选择“选择性启动(Selective startup)”选项，然后取消选中“加载系统服务(Load system services)”和“加载启动项(Load startup items)”选项。这将确保在您下次重新启动时仅加载Microsoft 发布的服务。(Microsoft-issued)按OK确认，然后重新启动 PC。
- 重新启动到Windows(Windows)的干净启动版本后，请检查您的CPU使用率。如果问题得到解决，则表明系统配置(System Configuration )窗口的服务(Services)选项卡中显示的非 Microsoft 服务之一是问题的根源。
如果是这种情况，您需要依次调查每个服务，以确定哪些服务可能导致CPU使用率过高。然后，如果您找到罪魁祸首，您可以永久禁用任何有问题的应用程序或服务。
解决 Ntoskrnl.exe 问题(Resolving Ntoskrnl.exe Issues)
如果上述方法不起作用，并且您经常看到ntoskrnl.exe 的CPU使用率很高，那么您可能需要考虑其他修复。如果您看到弹出 ntoskrnl.exe BSOD错误，则尤其如此，这可能表明您的 PC 存在只能通过擦除并重新安装 Windows(wiping and reinstalling Windows)来解决的问题。
如果像重新安装Windows这样的极端选择仍然不能解决问题，那么不能排除硬件问题。通过更换基本组件（例如RAM或CPU ）来(CPU)升级您的 PC(Upgrading your PC)足以让一切恢复正常，但您可能会发现完全更换您的 PC 是唯一的选择。
Why Ntoskrnl.Exe Causes High CPU and How To Fix It
When you boоt up a Windows PC or laptop, a number of different system processes kick into action. They generatе the user interface you’ll use to sign in and begin working, but they’ll also be responsible for various under-the-hood аctions that you won’t еven be aware of, lіke communicating with other network deviceѕ.
Unfortunately, system processes like ntoskrnl.exe and csrss.exe can sometimes cause problems on your PC. Ntoskrnl.exe, in particular, is a major component of the Windows operating system, making it difficult to troubleshoot issues. If ntoskrnl.exe is causing high CPU usage and you’re looking to fix it, here’s what you’ll need to do.
What Is Ntoskrnl.exe?
The ntoskrnl.exe system process, also known as the Windows NT operating system kernel executable (or System in Windows Task Manager), is arguably one of the most important processes that Windows has.
A kernel is code that provides the link between hardware and software. When an operating system like Windows loads, the Windows kernel (ntoskrnl.exe) is used to send instructions to components like your CPU to perform tasks and actions. Without the ntoskrnl.exe system process, your Windows PC just wouldn’t work.
It has responsibility for providing software with access to attached components and peripherals, managing loaded software processes to ensure they interact with hardware correctly (and securely), and controlling how much memory is used (and remains available) on your PC, among other things.
While other system components can be disabled, you wouldn’t be able to disable ntosknrl.exe in a Windows installation. If it is ever forced to stop, Windows will return an ntoskrnl.exe BSOD error, and you’ll need to restart your PC.
Why Does Ntoskrnl.exe Cause High CPU Issues?
Unfortunately, there isn’t a clear answer as to why ntoskrnl.exe can cause high CPU usage in Windows Task Manager. The causes behind this issue can differ from PC to PC.
This is because ntoskrnl.exe is responsible for a lot of Windows system actions, or has a part in making other system actions happen via other processes. Another Windows service, installed app, corrupted system files, or attached peripheral could all cause the Windows ntoskrnl.exe system process (and your CPU) extra strain.
The best way to try and resolve this issue is by checking your Windows system files, scanning for malware or viruses, and updating your PC. You can also run Windows in “clean boot” mode to see if another app or installed service is causing the issue.
As ntoskrnl.exe is partly responsible for memory management in Windows 10, you may find that another app or service interfacing with it is using more system resources, which is incorrectly reported as belonging to the ntoskrnl.exe process.
Check and Repair Windows System Files
Windows works well when all of its required system files are in place. If some of those files are corrupted, missing, or can’t be accessed, then your Windows 10 installation may start to become unstable, with ntoskrnl.exe BSODs and errors becoming more likely.
One possible way to fix this is by running the chkdsk and sfc command-line tools using the Windows PowerShell.
- To run Windows PowerShell, right-click the Start menu and select the Windows PowerShell (Admin) option.
- In the PowerShell terminal window, type sfc /scannow to check the integrity of Windows system files. This should find and automatically fix any missing or corrupted files, but you may need to hit Y to accept any changes.
- Once sfc has finished, type chkdsk /r to schedule a boot scan to check your hard drive’s file system. You’ll need to confirm by hitting Y on your keyboard, then reboot your PC to run the scan.
These tools will check your installation and hard drive for missing or corrupt files. If ntoskrnl.exe issues continue, you’ll need to try one of the additional steps listed below.
Installing Windows System and Driver Updates
Windows system updates come with fixes and upgrades that can help resolve more common issues that users report online, including BSOD errors and high CPU usage.
Making sure your PC is up-to-date by installing any available system and driver updates can sometimes resolve these issues. You can do this from the Windows Settings menu.
- To launch Windows Settings, right-click the Start menu and select the Settings option. In the Settings menu, select Update & Security > Windows Update > Download (or Download and Install) if updates are ready to install. Otherwise, select Check for Updates instead. This will automatically begin to download and install any available system and driver updates.
If you’ve recently installed a new PC component or peripheral, you may want to check the manufacturer website for driver updates. This is particularly true for graphics cards, as manufacturers like NVIDIA regularly release brand-new drivers before they’re added to Windows Update.
Check for Viruses and Malware
Thanks to Microsoft Defender (previously Windows Defender), it’s never been easier to remove stubborn malware from a Windows 10 PC.
- To start, open Windows Settings (right-click the Start menu and select Settings). From there, select Update & Security > Open Windows Security.
- In the Windows Security window, select Virus & Threat Protection > Scan Options, then select the Microsoft Defender Offline Scan option. This will prepare a boot scan of your PC for malware. Select the Scan Now button to reboot your PC and begin the scanning process.
Windows will reboot and begin to scan your drives for malware. If it detects any, you’ll be asked whether you want to remove or quarantine it.
Troubleshoot Installed Apps and Services Using a Windows Clean Boot
Windows 10 isn’t free from errors or bugs, but if your PC is up-to-date, and your system files are intact, then another app or installed service could be behind any potential ntoskrnl.exe issues.
To check this, you can run a clean boot, which will run Windows without third-party apps and services.
- To reboot Windows into a clean boot mode, right-click the Start menu and select the Run option (or press the Windows key + R on your keyboard). In the Run command box, type msconfig, then select OK to launch it.
- In the General tab of the System Configuration window, select the Selective startup option, then uncheck the Load system services and Load startup items options. This will ensure that only Microsoft-issued services will load when you next reboot. Press OK to confirm, then reboot your PC.
- Once you’ve rebooted into a clean boot version of Windows, check your CPU usage. If the problem is fixed, this would indicate that one of the non-Microsoft services shown in the Services tab of the System Configuration window is behind the problem.
If that’s the case, you’ll need to investigate each service in turn to determine which may be causing a high CPU usage. You can then disable any problematic apps or services permanently if you find a culprit.
Resolving Ntoskrnl.exe Issues
If the methods above don’t work, and if you’re seeing high CPU usage for ntoskrnl.exe regularly, then you may need to consider other fixes. This is especially true if you’re seeing a ntoskrnl.exe BSOD error pop up, which could indicate an issue with your PC that can only be resolved by wiping and reinstalling Windows.
If a drastic option like reinstalling Windows still doesn’t resolve the problem, then a hardware problem can’t be ruled out. Upgrading your PC by replacing essential components, such as your RAM or CPU, can be enough to get things working again, but you may find that replacing your PC entirely is the only option.
