Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)长期存在稳定性问题，最近Windows迭代中的“文件资源管理器”更名并没有改善问题。因此，在与 PC 上的文件系统交互时，遇到随机冻结和崩溃并伴随错误消息的情况并不少见，例如“ Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)没有响应”和“ Windows 资源管理器已停止工作”。(Windows Explorer)
Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)或文件资源管理器(File Explorer)的大多数复杂情况都是一次性实例，仅在操作系统处于压力之下时才会出现。但是，如果您反复遇到相同的问题，下面的故障排除提示应该可以让您解决问题。
重新启动文件资源管理器
重新启动Windows 资源管理器（它仍然是(Windows Explorer)文件资源管理器(File Explorer)背后的底层进程）是快速修复导致其冻结或崩溃的与系统相关的小故障。
1. 右键单击任务栏并选择标有任务管理器(Task Manager)的选项。如果任务栏出现无响应，请使用Shift + Ctrl + Esc击键启动任务管理器。
2. 选择更多详细信息(More details )以展开默认的任务管理器(Task Manager)视图。
3. 在进程(Processes )选项卡下，找到并右键单击Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)。然后，选择重新启动(Restart)。
重新打开文件资源管理器
(File)除了文件管理，文件资源管理器(File Explorer)还支持任务栏和桌面等元素背后的用户界面。因此，如果它完全崩溃（例如，您看不到任务栏和桌面），您必须手动重新打开它。
1. 按Shift + Ctrl + Esc打开任务管理器。
2. 打开文件(File )菜单并选择运行新任务(Run new task)选项。
3. 键入explorer.exe并选择OK。
禁用详细信息和预览窗格
如果您在文件资源管理器中选择文件和文件夹时仅遇到“ (File Explorer)Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)没有响应”或“ Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)已停止工作”错误，请尝试关闭“详细信息(Details )”和“预览(Preview )”窗格。
1. 打开一个新的文件资源管理器(File Explorer)窗口。
2. 选择查看(View )选项卡。
3. 在“窗格(Panes )”组中，停用“预览”窗格(Preview pane )和“详细信息”窗格(Details pane)。
4.通过任务管理器重新启动Windows 资源管理器进程。(Windows Explorer )
5. 重新启动文件资源管理器(File Explorer)并检查问题是否仍然存在。如果是这样，请继续进行其余的修复。
更改默认文件资源管理器视图
如果文件资源管理器(File Explorer)在您打开它时立即冻结或崩溃，将默认视图从“快速访问(Quick access)”更改为“这台电脑(This PC)”可以防止这种情况发生。您将不会再看到最近的文件和文件夹列表，但它确实允许您排除由文件资源管理器(File Explorer)历史记录中过时或损坏的条目引起的问题。
1. 按Windows + R打开运行框。然后，键入控制文件夹(control folders)并选择OK。文件资源管理器选项(File Explorer Options)对话框应显示在屏幕上。
2. 在常规选项卡下，(General)打开打开文件资源管理器(Open File Explorer to)旁边的下拉菜单并选择此电脑(This PC)。
3. 选择应用(Apply )>确定(OK )以保存更改。
如果有帮助，请重新打开“文件资源管理器选项(File Explorer Options)”对话框并选择“清除(Clear )”以删除文件资源管理器(File Explorer)历史记录。然后，将默认视图改回快速访问(Quick access)。之后，该问题不应再次发生。
清除缩略图缓存
文件资源管理器(File Explorer)显示文件和文件夹的缩略图预览。但是过时的缩略图缓存是冻结和崩溃的另一个可能原因，因此清除它会有所帮助。
1. 按Windows + R ，在运行框中输入cleanmgr ，然后选择(cleanmgr)确定(OK)。
2. 选中缩略图(Thumbnails)旁边的框。
3. 选择确定(OK)。
禁用缩略图预览
如果清除缩略图缓存没有帮助，请尝试在文件资源管理器(File Explorer)中关闭所有缩略图预览。
1. 打开文件资源管理器选项(File Explorer Options)对话框并切换到查看(View )选项卡。
2. 在高级设置下，选中(Advanced settings)始终显示图标，从不缩略图(Always show icons, never thumbnails)旁边的框。
3. 选择应用(Apply )>确定(OK)。
将显示比例(Set Display Scale)和布局(Layout)设置为默认值
为文本和应用程序使用更大的显示尺寸也会触发“ Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)没有响应”和“ Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)已停止工作”错误。最好将其恢复为默认的推荐设置。
1. 打开开始(Start )菜单并转到设置(Settings )>系统(System )>显示(Display)。
2. 向下滚动到比例和布局(Scale and layout)部分。
3. 将文本、应用程序和其他项目的大小更改(Change the size of text, apps, and other items)为100% (Recommended)。
更新或回滚显示驱动程序
过时的显示驱动程序可能会导致各种与文件(File)资源管理器相关的问题。您可以前往显卡制造商的网站（NVIDIA、AMD或Intel ）下载并安装最新版本的驱动程序。
但是，如果问题发生在最近的显示驱动程序更新之后，您必须将其回滚。
1. 按Windows + X并选择设备管理器(Device Manager)。
2. 展开显示适配器(Display adapters)。
3. 右键单击要回滚的显卡驱动程序并选择属性(Properties)。
4. 切换到驱动程序(Drivers )选项卡。
5. 选择回滚驱动程序(Roll Back Driver)。
更新 Windows 10
除了显示驱动程序，文件资源管理器(File Explorer)也可能由于Windows 10的过时版本而无法响应或停止工作。如果您最近没有更新操作系统，请尽快尝试更新。
1. 转到开始(Start )>设置(Settings )>更新和安全(Update & Security)> Windows 更新( Windows Update)。
2. 选择检查更新(Check for updates)以扫描新更新。
3. 选择下载并安装(Download and install )以应用挂起的更新。
此外，在查看可选更新(View optional updates )下检查并安装任何与显示相关的驱动程序（如果您看到该选项）。
运行恶意软件扫描
恶意程序会引发各种问题，并阻止文件资源管理器等关键(File Explorer)Windows组件正常工作。如果您的计算机上没有第三方防病毒解决方案(third-party antivirus solution)，则可以改为使用 Windows 安全中心来删除恶意软件(use Windows Security to remove malware)。
1.在系统托盘上选择Windows 安全。(Windows Security)
2. 转到病毒和威胁防护(Virus & threat protection)>检查更新(Check for updates)以安装最新的反恶意软件定义。
3. 选择快速扫描(Quick scan)。
如果Windows 安全(Windows Security)中心未能检测到恶意软件，请选择扫描选项(Scan options)，然后进行全面扫描(Full scan)或Microsoft Defender 脱机扫描(Microsoft Defender Offline scan)。
禁用第三方 Shell(Third-Party Shell)扩展
文件资源管理器是否(Does File Explorer)仅在右键单击项目时冻结或崩溃？来自第三方程序的冲突上下文菜单条目通常会导致这种情况。使用ShellExView等程序禁用它们。
1.在您的计算机上下载并打开ShellExView 。
2. 打开选项(Options )菜单并选择隐藏所有 Microsoft 扩展(Hide All Microsoft Extensions)。
3. 选择所有第三方扩展并选择禁用所选项目(Disable Selected Items)。
如果文件资源管理器(File Explorer)开始正常工作，请重新激活每个停用的外壳扩展程序，直到遇到有问题的项目。然后，更新相关程序（这可以解决问题），禁用扩展程序，或将其从您的计算机中删除。
重置文件关联
Windows 10(file associations in Windows 10)中不正确、冲突或损坏的文件关联是导致与文件(File)资源管理器相关的冻结和崩溃的另一个原因。尝试重置它们。
1. 打开开始(Start )菜单并选择设置(Settings)。
2. 转到应用程序(Apps )>默认应用程序(Default Apps)。
3. 选择重置(Reset)。
重置文件关联还会将默认程序（例如 Web 浏览器）恢复为 Microsoft 的库存应用程序，因此您可能需要重新配置您的首选项。
运行 SFC 扫描和 DISM 工具
如果“ Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)没有响应”和“ Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)已停止工作”错误继续出现，最好运行系统文件检查器(run the System File Checker)和DISM（部署映像服务(Deployment Image Servicing)和管理(Management)）工具。这应该可以解决由损坏的系统文件引起的与文件资源管理器相关的问题。(File)
运行系统文件检查器(Run System File Checker)
1. 按Windows + X打开高级用户菜单(Power User Menu)。然后，选择Windows PowerShell (Admin)。
2. 键入以下命令：
sfc /scannow
3. 按Enter运行系统文件检查器。
为获得最佳结果，总共重复SFC扫描 3 次。(SFC)
运行 DISM 工具(Run DISM Tool)
1. 打开提升的Windows PowerShell控制台。
2. 运行以下命令：
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
3. 如果DISM工具检测到任何问题，请执行以下两个命令：
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
Windows资源管理器(Explorer)仍然无法工作：还有什么？
上面的修复应该可以帮助您解决文件资源管理器(File Explorer)没有响应的问题。如果没有，您可以尝试以下几个高级修复：
展望未来，保持操作系统更新是最大程度减少潜在文件(File)资源管理器相关问题的最佳方式。
Windows Explorer Not Responding or Stopped Working? 13 Ways to Fix
Windows Explorer has a long history of stabilitу issues, and the “File Explorer” rebranding in recent Windows iterations did little to improve things. So, it’s not uncommon to encounter random freezеs and craѕheѕ with accоmpanying error messages such as “Windows Explorer is not responding” and “Windows Explorer has stoрped working” when interacting with the file system on a PC.
Most complications with Windows Explorer or File Explorer are one-off instances that only show up while the operating system is under stress. But if you experience the same problem repeatedly, the troubleshooting tips below should allow you to sort it out.
Restart File Explorer
Restarting Windows Explorer (which continues to be the underlying process behind File Explorer) is a quick fix for minor system-related glitches that cause it to freeze or crash.
1. Right-click the taskbar and select the option labeled Task Manager. If the taskbar appears unresponsive, use the Shift + Ctrl + Esc keystroke to launch Task Manager.
2. Select More details to expand the default Task Manager view.
3. Under the Processes tab, locate and right-click Windows Explorer. Then, select Restart.
Reopen File Explorer
File management aside, File Explorer also powers the user interfaces behind elements such as the taskbar and desktop. So if it crashes completely (as in, you don’t see the taskbar and desktop), you must re-open it manually.
1. Press Shift + Ctrl + Esc to open Task Manager.
2. Open the File menu and select the Run new task option.
3. Type explorer.exe and select OK.
Disable Details and Preview Panes
If you only encounter the “Windows Explorer is not responding” or “Windows Explorer has stopped working” errors while selecting files and folders in File Explorer, try turning off the Details and Preview panes.
1. Open a new File Explorer window.
2. Select the View tab.
3. Inside the Panes group, deactivate both the Preview pane and Details pane.
4. Restart the Windows Explorer process via Task Manager.
5. Relaunch File Explorer and check if the issue persists. If so, move on with the rest of the fixes.
Change Default File Explorer View
If File Explorer freezes or crashes as soon as you open it, changing the default view from Quick access to This PC could prevent that. You won’t see a list of your recent files and folders anymore, but it does allow you to rule out issues caused by obsolete or broken entries within the File Explorer history.
1. Press Windows + R to open the Run box. Then, type control folders and select OK. The File Explorer Options dialog should show up on the screen.
2. Under the General tab, open the pull-down menu next to Open File Explorer to and select This PC.
3. Select Apply > OK to save the changes.
If that helped, re-open the File Explorer Options dialog and select Clear to delete the File Explorer history. Then, change back the default view to Quick access. After that, the problem should not occur again.
Clear Thumbnail Cache
File Explorer displays thumbnail previews of files and folders. But an outdated thumbnail cache is another possible reason for freezes and crashes, so clearing it can help.
1. Press Windows + R, type cleanmgr into the Run box, and select OK.
2. Check the box next to Thumbnails.
3. Select OK.
Disable Thumbnail Previews
If clearing the thumbnail cache didn’t help, try turning off all thumbnail previews in File Explorer.
1. Open the File Explorer Options dialog and switch to the View tab.
2. Under Advanced settings, check the box next to Always show icons, never thumbnails.
3. Select Apply > OK.
Set Display Scale and Layout to Defaults
Using a larger display size for text and apps can also trigger the “Windows Explorer is not responding” and “Windows Explorer has stopped working” errors. It’s best to revert that to the default recommended setting.
1. Open the Start menu and go to Settings > System > Display.
2. Scroll down to the Scale and layout section.
3. Set Change the size of text, apps, and other items to 100% (Recommended).
Update or Roll Back Display Driver
An outdated display driver can result in all sorts of File Explorer-related issues. You can download and install the latest version of the driver by heading over to the video card manufacturer’s website – NVIDIA, AMD, or Intel.
However, if the issue occurred right after a recent display driver update, you must roll it back.
1. Press Windows + X and select Device Manager.
2. Expand Display adapters.
3. Right-click the video card driver that you want to roll back and select Properties.
4. Switch to the Drivers tab.
5. Select Roll Back Driver.
Update Windows 10
Display drivers aside, File Explorer can also fail to respond or stop working due to an outdated version of Windows 10. If you haven’t updated the operating system recently, try doing that as soon as possible.
1. Go to Start > Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update.
2. Select Check for updates to scan for new updates.
3. Select Download and install to apply pending updates.
Additionally, check for and install any display-related drivers under View optional updates (if you see the option).
Run Malware Scan
Malicious programs can induce all sorts of issues and prevent critical Windows components such as File Explorer from working correctly. If you don’t have a third-party antivirus solution on your computer, you can use Windows Security to remove malware instead.
1. Select Windows Security on the system tray.
2. Go to Virus & threat protection > Check for updates to install the latest antimalware definitions.
3. Select Quick scan.
If Windows Security fails to detect malware, select Scan options and follow up with a Full scan or a Microsoft Defender Offline scan.
Disable Third-Party Shell Extensions
Does File Explorer freeze or crash only when right-clicking items? Conflicting contextual menu entries from third-party programs usually cause that. Use a program such as ShellExView to disable them.
1. Download and open ShellExView on your computer.
2. Open the Options menu and select Hide All Microsoft Extensions.
3. Select all third-party extensions and select Disable Selected Items.
If File Explorer begins to work correctly, re-activate each deactivated shell extension until you come across the problematic item. Then, update the related program (which could fix the issue), keep the extension disabled, or remove it from your computer.
Reset File Associations
Incorrect, conflicting, or broken file associations in Windows 10 are another reason that results in File Explorer-related freezes and crashes. Try resetting them.
1. Open the Start menu and select Settings.
2. Go to Apps > Default Apps.
3. Select Reset.
Resetting file associations also revert default programs (such as the web browser) to Microsoft’s stock apps, so you may have to reconfigure your preferences.
Run SFC Scan and DISM Tool
If the “Windows Explorer is not responding” and “Windows Explorer has stopped working” errors continue to show up, it’s a good idea to run the System File Checker and the DISM (Deployment Image Servicing and Management) tool. That should fix File Explorer-related issues caused by corrupted system files.
Run System File Checker
1. Press Windows + X to open the Power User Menu. Then, select Windows PowerShell (Admin).
2. Type the following command:
sfc /scannow
3. Press Enter to run the System File Checker.
For best results, repeat the SFC scan a total of three times.
Run DISM Tool
1. Open an elevated Windows PowerShell console.
2. Run the following command:
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
3. If the DISM tool detects any issues, execute the two commands below:
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
Windows Explorer Still Not Working: What Else?
The fixes above should’ve helped you resolve issues with File Explorer not responding. If not, here are several advanced fixes that you can try:
Going forward, keeping the operating system updated is the best way to minimize potential File Explorer-related issues.
