只需点击几下，设备管理器(Device Manager)就可以让您查看和管理安装在 Windows PC 或设备(PC or device)上的所有硬件，查看未安装适当驱动程序的设备，还可以查看和管理“隐藏”设备。如果您想了解 Windows设备管理器(Device Manager)所能做的一切，请阅读本教程：
注意：(NOTE:)本教程包含适用于所有现代版本Windows的说明：Windows 10、Windows 7 和Windows 8.1。该工具的工作原理相同，并且在大多数情况下，在所有版本的Windows中看起来都相同。为简单起见，我们主要使用在Windows 10中截取的屏幕截图。如果您不知道如何打开设备管理器(Device Manager)，请阅读本教程：Windows中打开(Windows)设备管理器(Device Manager)的8 种方法（所有版本）。
1. 查看构成 Windows计算机或设备的所有硬件组件(computer or device)
设备管理器(Device Manager)列出了您计算机的所有硬件组件：真实的物理组件和由您安装的软件模拟的硬件组件。(emulated)组件按类别分组。例如，在下面的屏幕截图中，您可以在磁盘驱动器(Disk drives)下看到安装了三个硬盘驱动器。您还可以查看它们的确切型号和类型(model and type)。
2.查看您设备的属性
如果要查看有关特定设备的更多信息，请右键单击或点击并按住(tap and hold)它，然后选择属性。(Properties. )或者，您可以双击或点击(click or tap)它。在“属性(Properties )”窗口中，您会看到列出的有关设备的详细信息，包括其状态。但是，它可能不如System Information显示的信息那么完整。
3. 为您的组件查找缺少的驱动程序
设备管理器(Device Manager)的一个很好的用途是查看是否有您错过安装其驱动程序的任何硬件组件。如果有任何没有驱动的组件，你会发现一个名为Other devices的类别，如下面的截图所示。展开它，设备管理器会显示所有(Device Manager)Windows不知道的设备。
在这里，您可能会发现列出了一系列具有通用名称的设备。例如，设备管理器(Device Manager )可以告诉您它找到了Unknown device或Network Controller。
4. 为您的硬件组件和外围设备安装驱动程序
让我们看看如何为没有适当驱动程序和已安装驱动程序的组件安装驱动程序。右键单击或点击并按住要为其安装驱动程序的设备，然后单击或点击“更新驱动程序软件”。("Update Driver Software.")
更新驱动程序软件(Update Driver Software)向导启动，您有两个选项：让Windows “自动搜索更新的驱动程序软件”("Search automatically for updated driver software" )（它将搜索您的计算机和带有驱动程序的 Microsoft(computer and Microsoft)服务器）或者您可以浏览您的计算机并自己选择驱动程序. 我们选择了第一个选项来看看它是如何工作的。
更新驱动程序软件(Update Driver Software)向导在您的Windows 计算机(Windows computer)上搜索驱动程序。如果它没有找到一个好的，它会在网上搜索它。
等待(Wait)它完成。如果找到驱动程序，它会自动安装。等待(Wait)过程结束。
该过程完成后，您会被告知驱动程序是否已成功安装。
然后您可以查看显示在其相应设备类别下的设备。它将不再是其他(Other )设备(devices)列表的一部分。
Windows可能无法找到您的硬件组件(hardware component)的驱动程序。在这种情况下，您需要自己手动安装它们，方法是从制造商的网站下载它们并运行它们的安装程序(setup program)。
5.在设备管理器中(Device Manager)查看(View)隐藏设备
设备管理器(Device Manager )的另一个鲜为人知的用途是它可以显示“隐藏的设备”。大多数情况下，这些驱动程序是由您在计算机或设备(computer or devices)上使用的软件安装的，这些驱动程序在某些时候已连接到您的 Windows PC 但未断开连接。要查看它们，请单击或点击查看(View)菜单并选中“显示隐藏的设备”。("Show hidden devices.")
如果您在Windows 7中执行此操作，您现在会看到一个名为“非即插即用驱动程序”("Non-Plug and Play Drivers,")的设备类别，您可以在其中找到很长的驱动程序列表，例如系统哔声(system beep)、声卡驱动程序、“驱动程序” "用于Windows 防火墙(Windows Firewall)、虚拟机驱动程序等。
在Windows 10和Windows 8.1中，隐藏的设备列在其通常的设备类别中，但显示为灰色。此外，设备管理器(Device Manager)中还会显示更多设备组。例如，在下面的屏幕截图中，我们可以看到三星的支持(Samsung)Miracast的智能电视(Smart TV)，我们在过去的某个时间连接了我们的 Windows 10 笔记本电脑。
6.从设备管理器(Device Manager)禁用或启用设备
即使我们不建议您这样做，您也可以从设备管理器(Device Manager)禁用设备。通过这样做，您将禁止 Windows 使用它们，因此请注意您禁用的内容。如何禁用设备？右键单击或点击并按住设备，然后选择禁用(Disable)。
Windows警告您此设备将停止运行，并要求您确认是否禁用它。选择Yes或No，这取决于您想要什么。
如果您选择Yes，Windows 将禁用该设备并停止使用它。根据您决定禁用的设备类型，系统可能会要求您重新启动计算机。如果是，请关闭所有打开的应用程序并重新启动计算机。
重新启用设备同样简单：右键单击或点击并按住(tap and hold)它，然后选择启用(Enable)。
Windows 现在重用您启用的设备。
7.强制Windows扫描新硬件
如果由于某种原因，Windows没有检测到您插入计算机的硬件组件，您可以使用(hardware component)设备管理器(Device Manager)强制它扫描硬件更改。一种方法是单击或点击顶部的“操作”菜单，然后选择(Action)“扫描硬件更改”。("Scan for hardware changes.")
做同样事情的另一种方法是右键单击设备列表中计算机名称(computer name)的顶部，然后选择“扫描硬件更改”。("Scan for hardware changes.")
Windows 现在会扫描可能已执行的任何硬件更改。(hardware change)
结论
在本教程结束后，我们相信您会同意我们所说的设备管理器(Device Manager )是管理系统硬件组件和外围设备的有用工具。试试看，看看效果如何。如果您对设备管理器(Device Manager)有任何疑问或问题，请随时在下方发表评论。
7 things you can do with the Device Manager from Windows
With just a fеw clіcks or taps, Device Manager lets you see and manage all the hardware installed on your Windows PC or device, view the devices for which you did not install appropriate drivers and also see and manage "hidden" devices. If you want to know everything you can do with the Device Manager from Windows, read this tutorial:
NOTE: This tutorial contains instructions that work in all the modern versions of Windows: Windows 10, Windows 7 and Windows 8.1. The tool works the same and, for the most part, looks the same in all versions of Windows. For simplicity, we use screenshots mostly taken in Windows 10. If you do not know how to open Device Manager, read this tutorial: 8 ways to open the Device Manager in Windows (all versions).
1. View all the hardware components that make up your Windows computer or device
The Device Manager lists all your computer's hardware components: both real, physical components and hardware components that are emulated by the software you installed. The components are grouped by category. For example, in the screenshot below, you can see under Disk drives that there are three hard drives installed. You can also see their exact model and type.
2. View the properties of your devices
If you want to view more information about a particular device, right-click or tap and hold on it and then select Properties. Or, you can double click or tap on it. Inside the Properties window, you see listed detailed information about the device, including its status. However, it might not be as complete as the information shown by System Information.
3. Find missing drivers for your components
A great use for Device Manager is to see if there are any hardware components for which you missed installing their drivers. If there are any components without drivers, you will find a category named Other devices, as shown in the screenshot below. Expand it, and Device Manager displays all the devices that are not known by Windows.
Here you might find listed a series of devices with generic names. For instance, Device Manager can tell you that it found an Unknown device or a Network Controller.
4. Install drivers for your hardware components and peripherals
Let's see how to install drivers, both for components without appropriate drivers and with drivers installed. Right-click or tap and hold the device that you want to install drivers for and then click or tap on "Update Driver Software."
The Update Driver Software wizard starts, and you are given two options: let Windows "Search automatically for updated driver software" (it will search both your computer and Microsoft's servers with drivers) or you can browse your computer and select the driver yourself. We selected the first option to see how it works.
The Update Driver Software wizard searches for the driver on your Windows computer. If it doesn't find a good one, it searches online for it.
Wait for it to finish. If a driver is found, it is automatically installed. Wait for the process to end.
When the process is finished you are told whether the driver was successfully installed or not.
Then you can view the device shown under its appropriate devices category. It will no longer be part of the Other devices listing.
It can happen that Windows cannot find drivers for your hardware component. In this case, you need to install them manually yourself, by downloading them from the website of its manufacturer and running their setup program.
5. View hidden devices in Device Manager
Another less known use for Device Manager is that it can display "hidden devices." Most times, these are drivers installed by the software that you are using on your computer or devices which were connected at some point to your Windows PC but are not disconnected. To view them, click or tap the View menu and check "Show hidden devices."
If you do this in Windows 7, you now see a category of devices named "Non-Plug and Play Drivers," where you find a very long list of drivers for things such as the system beep, drivers for your sound card, "drivers" for the Windows Firewall, virtual machine drivers, etc.
In Windows 10 and Windows 8.1, the hidden devices are listed in their usual categories of devices but grayed out. Also, more groups of devices are displayed in Device Manager. For example, in the screenshot below, we can see a Miracast enabled Smart TV from Samsung, to which we connected our Windows 10 laptop, sometime in the past.
6. Disable or enable devices from Device Manager
Even though we do not recommend that you do this, you can disable devices from the Device Manager. By doing so, you forbid Windows to use them so be careful about what you disable. How do you disable a device? Right-click or tap and hold the device, and choose Disable.
Windows warns you that this device will stop functioning and it asks for your confirmation on whether to disable it or not. Choose Yes or No, depending on what you want.
If you choose Yes, Windows disables the device and stops using it. Depending on what kind of device you decided to disable, you might be asked to restart your computer. If you are, close any open apps and reboot your computer.
Re-enabling a device is just as easy: right-click or tap and hold on it, and choose Enable.
Windows now reuses the device that you enabled.
7. Force Windows to scan for new hardware
If for some reason, Windows doesn't detect a hardware component that you plugged into your computer, you can use the Device Manager to force it to scan for hardware changes. One way to do that is to click or tap the Action menu on the top and choose "Scan for hardware changes."
Another way to do the same thing is to right-click on top of your computer name, in the list of devices, and choose "Scan for hardware changes."
Windows now scans for any hardware change that may have been performed.
Conclusion
Having reached the end of this tutorial, we believe that you will agree with us when we say that the Device Manager is a useful tool for managing your system's hardware components and peripherals. Try it out and see how well it works. If you have questions or issues about the Device Manager, don't hesitate to comment below.
