Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)是Windows用户鲜为人知的故障排除工具。这是因为只有当您的计算机RAM出现问题或遇到随机重启和系统不稳定时，它才能派上用场。此类问题的一个可能原因可能是RAM故障。测试这是否是问题的真正罪魁祸首的一种方法是运行Windows Memory Diagnostic或MdSched.exe。在使用此工具之前，您需要知道如何启动它。以下是您可以执行此操作的所有方法，包括Windows不再启动时：
注意：(NOTE:)本指南涵盖Windows 10 和Windows 7。但是，它的许多说明也适用于Windows 8.1。如果您的计算机无法正常启动，并且无法加载Windows，请向下滚动到本指南的末尾（方法 9 到 12）。在那里，我们展示了如何在Windows不再启动时启动Windows Media Diagnostic 。
1.从开始菜单打开(Start Menu)Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)（仅限Windows 10）
一种简单但不完全快速的方法是单击或点击“开始(Start)”按钮，将应用程序列表滚动到Windows 管理工具(Windows Administrative Tools)文件夹，打开该文件夹，然后向下滚动到Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)快捷方式。当您看到它时，单击或点击它以启动应用程序。
从开始菜单(Start Menu)打开Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)
不幸的是，在Windows 7中，(Windows 7)开始菜单(Start Menu)中没有Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)快捷方式。
2. 使用搜索(Search)启动Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)（Windows 10和Windows 7）
打开Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)的更快方法是使用搜索(search)。在 Windows 10 中，按键盘上的Windows键或在搜索框内单击。然后键入应用程序的名称。一旦您开始输入，Windows 10 就会显示相应的搜索结果。单击(Click)或点击它，应用程序会立即打开。
(Start Windows Memory Diagnostic)在Windows 10(Windows 10)中使用搜索启动 Windows 内存诊断
在 Windows 7 中，打开开始菜单(Start Menu)，然后在搜索框中键入Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)。然后，单击相应的搜索结果。
在Windows 7中搜索Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)
3.从控制面板(Control Panel)打开Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)（Windows 10和Windows 7）
无论您使用什么 Windows 版本，打开控制面板(open the Control Panel)。然后，转到"System and Security->Administrative Tools."在那里，您可以找到许多快捷方式，包括位于列表底部的Windows 内存诊断。(Windows Memory Diagnostic)
管理工具(Administrative Tools)中的Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)
双击或双击快捷方式以打开Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)。
4.从运行窗口(Run)启动 Windows 内存诊断(Start Windows Memory Diagnostic)（Windows 10 和Windows 7）
启动Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)的一种快速方法是通过“运行”(Run)窗口。按Windows + R打开Run(open Run)，然后键入MdSched或MdSched.exe并单击 OK 或按键盘上的Enter 。
运行 MdSched.exe 命令
5. 让Cortana为你打开Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)（仅限 Windows 10）
如果您喜欢使用Cortana，您可以通过单击或点击其图标来打开它。然后，口述或键入命令：“打开 Windows 内存诊断”。("Open Windows Memory Diagnostic.")
要求 Cortana(Ask Cortana)启动Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)
该应用程序立即启动，您可以使用它来解决RAM问题。
6.从PowerShell或CMD启动 Windows 内存诊断(Start Windows Memory Diagnostic)（Windows 10和Windows 7）
您还可以使用Windows中的任何命令行工具。启动PowerShell(Start PowerShell)或打开Command Prompt(open Command Prompt)，具体取决于您的喜好。然后，键入命令MdSched或MdSched.exe并按键盘上的Enter。
(Start Windows Memory Diagnostic)从PowerShell启动 Windows 内存诊断
Windows 内存诊断程序(Windows Memory Diagnostic)会立即打开。一个很好的感觉是用于运行它的命令不区分大小写，这意味着如果您愿意，您可以只用小写字母键入它。
7.从文件资源管理器(File Explorer)( Windows 10 ) 或 Windows资源管理器(Explorer)( Windows 7 )打开Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)
Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)位于磁盘上的以下路径：“C:WindowsSystem32MdSched.exe”。要运行它，请打开文件资源管理器(File Explorer)(open File Explorer)（在 Windows 10 中）或Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)（在Windows 7中）并导航到其位置。
Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)使用的可执行文件
当你找到它的可执行文件时，双击它。您还可以为其创建快捷方式，以便在桌面上轻松访问。按照本指南中的说明了解如何完成：在 Windows 10 中为应用程序、文件、文件夹和网页创建快捷方式(Create shortcuts for apps, files, folders, and web pages in Windows 10)。
Windows 内存诊断快捷方式
8.使用任务管理器启动(Task Manager)Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)（仅限Windows 10）
这个方法有点麻烦，但是很管用。如果您打开任务管理器(open the Task Manager)，请单击“更多详细信息”，("More details,")如果它使用紧凑视图(compact view)，然后单击“文件(File)” ，然后单击“运行新任务”。("Run new task.")
从任务管理器运行新任务
在“创建新任务”("Create new task")窗口中，键入MdSched或MdSched.exe，然后单击确定或按键盘上的Enter 。
从任务管理器运行 MdSched.exe
Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)立即启动。
9.从Windows 10安装光盘运行Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)
如果Windows 10由于您怀疑的(Windows 10)RAM问题而不再启动，您可以使用带有Windows 10设置的(Windows 10)DVD或USB记忆棒并从中启动。以下是如何获取和使用媒体创建工具(how to get and use Media Creation Tool to create Windows 10 installation media)在仍然有效的计算机上创建 Windows 10 安装媒体的方法。如果您不知道如何使用闪存驱动器启动计算机，请阅读本指南：从 USB 闪存驱动器启动 Windows 10 PC 的 3 种方法(3 ways to boot your Windows 10 PC from a USB flash drive)。
(Boot)从USB驱动器启动Windows 10 PC
加载Windows 10(Windows 10)设置后，按键盘上的Shift + F10键以调出命令提示符(Command Prompt)。然后，在 CMD 中，键入mdsched或mdsched.exe并按Enter。
(Run Windows Memory Diagnostic)从Windows 10安装程序运行 Windows 内存诊断
Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)应用程序打开，您可以测试您的计算机是否存在RAM问题。
10.从Windows 10恢复驱动器启动 Windows 内存诊断(Start Windows Memory Diagnostic)
如果您有Windows 10 恢复驱动器(Windows 10 recovery drive)，请从它启动。选择您要使用的键盘布局，然后转到疑难解答(Troubleshoot)。
对 Windows 10 电脑进行故障排除
接下来，选择高级选项(Advanced options)。
选择高级选项
然后，在高级选项列表中，选择Command Prompt。
选择命令提示符(Choose Command Prompt)并运行 mdsched.exe
在“命令提示符(Commands Prompt)”窗口中，键入mdsched或mdsched.exe并按Enter 键(Enter)。Windows 内存诊断程序(Windows Memory Diagnostic)已启动并准备好开始测试您的计算机。
11.从Windows 7启动管理器打开(Boot Manager)Windows 诊断管理器(Windows Diagnostic Manager)
如果您有一台装有Windows 7且无法正常启动的旧计算机，请启动该 PC。就(Just)在Windows 7尝试加载之前，以及 PC 启动后，请按键盘上的Escape 。此操作会加载Windows 启动管理器(Windows Boot Manager)，您可以在其中看到启动Windows 诊断管理器的选项，位于(Windows Diagnostic Manager)工具(Tools)下方。按TAB(TAB)选择此选项，然后按 Enter(Enter)。
(Start Windows Diagnostic Manager)从Windows 7 启动管理器(Boot Manager)启动 Windows 诊断管理器
12.从Windows 7系统恢复光盘访问 Windows 诊断管理器(Access Windows Diagnostic Manager)
如果您有适用于Windows 7的(Windows 7)系统修复光盘(System Repair Disc)，请从它启动。在恢复选项列表中，您可以找到Windows 内存诊断。(Windows Memory Diagnostic.)单击(Click)它，应用程序将自动启动。
(Start Windows Diagnostic Manager)从Windows 7系统修复光盘启动 Windows 诊断管理器
您(Did)是否设法启动Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)？
这些是我们所知道的在Windows 10和Windows 7中启动(Windows 7)Windows 内存诊断(Windows Memory Diagnostic)故障排除应用程序的所有方法。如果您在使用它时需要帮助，本指南将提供帮助：使用 Windows 内存诊断解决 RAM 问题(Troubleshoot RAM problems with Windows Memory Diagnostic)。在结束本教程之前，请告诉我们您是否成功启动和运行此应用程序。另外，您是否发现计算机上的RAM(RAM)有任何问题？在下面发表评论(Comment)，让我们讨论。
12 ways to start the Windows Memory Diagnostic troubleshooting app -
Windows Memory Diagnostic is a troubleshooting tool that is less known by Windows users. That's because it can come in handy only when you have problems with your computer's RAM or experience random reboots and system instability. One possible cause for such problems may be faulty RAM. A way to test if this is the real culprit for your problems is to run Windows Memory Diagnostic or MdSched.exe. Before you can use this tool, you need to know how to start it. Here are all the ways you can do that, including when Windows doesn't boot anymore:
NOTE: This guide covers Windows 10 and Windows 7. However, many of its instructions can apply to Windows 8.1 too. If your computer no longer boots well, and it doesn't load Windows, scroll down to the end of this guide (methods 9 to 12). There, we show how to start Windows Media Diagnostic when Windows doesn't start anymore.
1. Open Windows Memory Diagnostic from the Start Menu (Windows 10 only)
A simple but not exactly fast way is to click or tap the Start button, scroll the list of apps to the Windows Administrative Tools folder, open the folder, and then scroll down to the Windows Memory Diagnostic shortcut. When you see it, click or tap on it to start the app.
Open Windows Memory Diagnostic from the Start Menu
Unfortunately, in Windows 7, there is no Windows Memory Diagnostic shortcut in the Start Menu.
2. Use Search to start Windows Memory Diagnostic (Windows 10 and Windows 7)
A quicker way to open Windows Memory Diagnostic is to use search. In Windows 10, press the Windows key on your keyboard or click inside the search box. Then type the name of the app. As soon as you start typing it, Windows 10 displays the appropriate search result. Click or tap on it, and the app opens immediately.
Start Windows Memory Diagnostic using search in Windows 10
In Windows 7, open the Start Menu, and, inside the search box, type Windows Memory Diagnostic. Then, click on the appropriate search result.
Search for Windows Memory Diagnostic in Windows 7
3. Open Windows Memory Diagnostic from the Control Panel (Windows 10 and Windows 7)
No matter what Windows version you use, open the Control Panel. Then, go to "System and Security->Administrative Tools." There, you find plenty of shortcuts, including Windows Memory Diagnostic, which isat the bottom of the list.
The Windows Memory Diagnostic from Administrative Tools
Double-click or double-tap on the shortcut to open Windows Memory Diagnostic.
4. Start Windows Memory Diagnostic from the Run window (Windows 10 and Windows 7)
A quick way to start Windows Memory Diagnostic is through the Run window. Press Windows + R to open Run, and then type MdSched or MdSched.exe and click OK or press Enter on your keyboard.
Run the MdSched.exe command
5. Ask Cortana to open Windows Memory Diagnostic for you (Windows 10 only)
If you enjoy using Cortana, you can open it by clicking or tapping on its icon. Then, dictate or type the command: "Open Windows Memory Diagnostic."
Ask Cortana to start Windows Memory Diagnostic
The app starts immediately, and you can use it for troubleshooting RAM problems.
6. Start Windows Memory Diagnostic from PowerShell or CMD (Windows 10 and Windows 7)
You can also use any command-line tool from Windows. Start PowerShell, or open Command Prompt, depending on which you prefer. Then, type the command MdSched or MdSched.exe and press Enter on your keyboard.
Start Windows Memory Diagnostic from PowerShell
Windows Memory Diagnostic opens right away. A nice touch is that the command used to run it is not case-sensitive, meaning that you can type it only in small letters if you want to.
7. Open Windows Memory Diagnostic from File Explorer (Windows 10) or Windows Explorer (Windows 7)
The Windows Memory Diagnostic is found on the disk at the following path: "C:\Windows\System32\MdSched.exe". To run it, open File Explorer (in Windows 10) or Windows Explorer (in Windows 7) and navigate to its location.
The executable file used by Windows Memory Diagnostic
When you find its executable file, double-click on. You can also create a shortcut to it for easy access on your desktop. Follow the instructions from this guide to learn how it is done: Create shortcuts for apps, files, folders, and web pages in Windows 10.
Windows Memory Diagnostic shortcut
8. Start the Windows Memory Diagnostic using the Task Manager (Windows 10 only)
This method is a bit cumbersome, but it works. If you open the Task Manager, click on "More details," if it uses the compact view, and then click on File, followed by "Run new task."
Run a new task from Task Manager
In the "Create new task" window, type MdSched or MdSched.exe and click OK or press Enter on your keyboard.
Run MdSched.exe from Task Manager
Windows Memory Diagnostic starts immediately.
9. Run Windows Memory Diagnostic from a Windows 10 setup disc
If Windows 10 no longer boots because of your suspected RAM issues, you can take a DVD or USB stick with the Windows 10 setup and boot from it. Here's how to get and use Media Creation Tool to create Windows 10 installation media on a computer that still works. If you don't know how to boot your computer using a flash drive, read this guide: 3 ways to boot your Windows 10 PC from a USB flash drive.
Boot your Windows 10 PC from a USB drive
When the Windows 10 setup loads, press the Shift + F10 keys on your keyboard to bring up the Command Prompt. Then, inside CMD, type mdsched or mdsched.exe and press Enter.
Run Windows Memory Diagnostic from the Windows 10 setup
The Windows Memory Diagnostic app opens, ready for you to test your computer for problems with the RAM.
10. Start Windows Memory Diagnostic from a Windows 10 recovery drive
If you have a Windows 10 recovery drive, boot from it. Select the keyboard layout that you want to use, and then go to Troubleshoot.
Troubleshoot your Windows 10 PC
Next, select Advanced options.
Choose Advanced options
Then, in the list of advanced options, choose Command Prompt.
Choose Command Prompt and run mdsched.exe
Inside the Commands Prompt window, type mdsched or mdsched.exe and press Enter. Windows Memory Diagnostic is launched and ready to start testing your computer.
11. Open Windows Diagnostic Manager from the Windows 7 Boot Manager
If you have an old computer with Windows 7 that no longer boot correctly, start the PC. Just before Windows 7 tries to load, and as soon as the PC turns on, press Escape on your keyboard. This action loads the Windows Boot Manager, where you see an option to start Windows Diagnostic Manager, right under Tools. Select this option by pressing TAB, and then Enter.
Start Windows Diagnostic Manager from the Windows 7 Boot Manager
12. Access Windows Diagnostic Manager from a Windows 7 system recovery disc
If you have a System Repair Disc for Windows 7 available, boot from it. In the list of recovery options, you can find Windows Memory Diagnostic. Click on it, and the app starts automatically.
Start Windows Diagnostic Manager from a Windows 7 system repair disc
Did you manage to start Windows Memory Diagnostic?
These are all the ways we know for starting the Windows Memory Diagnostic troubleshooting app in Windows 10 and Windows 7. If you need help using it, this guide will help: Troubleshoot RAM problems with Windows Memory Diagnostic. Before closing this tutorial, let us know if you were successful in starting and running this app. Also, did you find any problems with the RAM on your computer? Comment below and let's discuss.
